Question 1

Food and water appetites are under the regulatory influence of the

Accepted Answer

A) cerebrum. 
B) cerebellum. 
C) thalamus. 
D) hypothalamus. 
E) medulla oblongata. 
A) cerebrum. 
B) cerebellum. 
C) thalamus. 
D) hypothalamus. 
E) medulla oblongata.

Question 2

If a patient has an injury in the brain stem,which of the following would be observed?

Accepted Answer

A) auditory hallucinations 
B) visual hallucinations 
C) an inability to regulate body temperature 
D) an inability to regulate heart function 
E) lack of circadian rhythms 
A) auditory hallucinations 
B) visual hallucinations 
C) an inability to regulate body temperature 
D) an inability to regulate heart function 
E) lack of circadian rhythms

Question 3

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions.
  
-In the figure,which letter points to the hippocampus?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 4

Upon witnessing a robber hold up a convenience store at gunpoint,which of the following reactions would your nervous system initiate?

Accepted Answer

A) increased heartbeat 
B) constriction of airways 
C) constriction of pupils 
D) decreased heartbeat 
E) emptying of bladder 
A) increased heartbeat 
B) constriction of airways 
C) constriction of pupils 
D) decreased heartbeat 
E) emptying of bladder

Question 5

Which of the following shows a brain structure correctly paired with one of its primary functions?

Accepted Answer

A) frontal lobe-decision making 
B) occipital lobe-control of skeletal muscles 
C) temporal lobe-visual processing 
D) cerebellum-language comprehension 
E) occipital lobe-speech production 
A) frontal lobe-decision making 
B) occipital lobe-control of skeletal muscles 
C) temporal lobe-visual processing 
D) cerebellum-language comprehension 
E) occipital lobe-speech production

Question 6

The limbic system in the central nervous system sustains many vegetative functions in mammals and is closely associated with structures that process cues about

Accepted Answer

A) gustation. 
B) olfaction. 
C) vision. 
D) audition. 
E) mechanosensation. 
A) gustation. 
B) olfaction. 
C) vision. 
D) audition. 
E) mechanosensation.

Question 7

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions.
  
-In the figure,which letter points to the thalamus?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 8

In a cephalized invertebrate,the system that transmits "efferent" impulses from the anterior ganglion to distal segments is the

Accepted Answer

A) central nervous system. 
B) peripheral nervous system. 
C) autonomic nervous system. 
D) parasympathetic nervous system. 
E) sympathetic nervous system. 
A) central nervous system. 
B) peripheral nervous system. 
C) autonomic nervous system. 
D) parasympathetic nervous system. 
E) sympathetic nervous system.

Question 9

Use the following information to answer the next few questions.
While walking your dog one night,you notice that there are few animals making noise compared to the day.This piques your interest and you decide to perform a literature search.You discover that the 24-hour biological clock is a conserved evolutionary adaptation across many taxa,and is typically synchronized with periods of light and dark,where the animals are alert in the light periods and sleeping during the dark periods.The group of neurons that links the biological clock to environmental cues of light and dark is called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN).
-In birds and mammals,the hormone that affects the sleep/wake cycle is

Accepted Answer

A) TSH. 
B) norepinephrine. 
C) epinephrine. 
D) dopamine. 
E) melatonin. 
A) TSH. 
B) norepinephrine. 
C) epinephrine. 
D) dopamine. 
E) melatonin.

Question 10

Which brain region would be involved in information retention if you were to take a nap after studying?

Accepted Answer

A) diencephalon 
B) cerebrum 
C) midbrain 
D) cerebellum 
E) medulla oblongata 
A) diencephalon 
B) cerebrum 
C) midbrain 
D) cerebellum 
E) medulla oblongata

Question 11

An adolescent decides to take a risky jump from the roof into a shallow pool.This poorly assessed decision is indicative of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) underdeveloped motor cortex. 
B) absent motor cortex. 
C) absent occipital lobe. 
D) malfunctioning thalamus. 
E) underdeveloped prefrontal cortex. 
A) underdeveloped motor cortex. 
B) absent motor cortex. 
C) absent occipital lobe. 
D) malfunctioning thalamus. 
E) underdeveloped prefrontal cortex.

Question 12

Wernicke's and Broca's regions of the brain affect

Accepted Answer

A) olfaction. 
B) vision. 
C) speech. 
D) memory. 
E) hearing. 
A) olfaction. 
B) vision. 
C) speech. 
D) memory. 
E) hearing.

Question 13

The regulation of body temperature derives from the activity of the

Accepted Answer

A) cerebrum. 
B) cerebellum. 
C) thalamus. 
D) hypothalamus. 
E) medulla oblongata. 
A) cerebrum. 
B) cerebellum. 
C) thalamus. 
D) hypothalamus. 
E) medulla oblongata.

Question 14

In a simple synapse,where are neurotransmitter chemicals released?

Accepted Answer

A) the postsynaptic membrane 
B) the presynaptic membrane 
C) axon hillock 
D) cell body 
E) myelin sheath 
A) the postsynaptic membrane 
B) the presynaptic membrane 
C) axon hillock 
D) cell body 
E) myelin sheath

Question 15

In the human knee-jerk reflex,as the calf is raised from the vertical toward the horizontal,the muscles of the quadriceps (flexors on the ventral side of the thighs)and the muscles of the hamstring (extensors on the dorsal side of the thighs)are

Accepted Answer

A) both excited and contracting. 
B) both inhibited and relaxed. 
C) excited and inhibited, respectively. 
D) inhibited and excited, respectively. 
A) both excited and contracting. 
B) both inhibited and relaxed. 
C) excited and inhibited, respectively. 
D) inhibited and excited, respectively.

Question 16

Increases and decreases of the heart rate result from changes in the activity of the

Accepted Answer

A) corpus callosum. 
B) medulla oblongata. 
C) thalamus. 
D) pituitary. 
E) cerebellum. 
A) corpus callosum. 
B) medulla oblongata. 
C) thalamus. 
D) pituitary. 
E) cerebellum.

Question 17

One of the complications of Alzheimer's disease is an interference with learning and memory.This disease would most likely involve which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) changes in the concentration of ions in the extracellular fluid surrounding neurons 
B) changes in myelination of axons 
C) molecular and structural changes at synapses 
D) structural changes to ion channels in axons 
E) increased synaptic connections 
A) changes in the concentration of ions in the extracellular fluid surrounding neurons 
B) changes in myelination of axons 
C) molecular and structural changes at synapses 
D) structural changes to ion channels in axons 
E) increased synaptic connections

Question 18

If you were writing an essay,the part of your brain that would be actively involved in this task would be the

Accepted Answer

A) temporal and frontal lobes. 
B) parietal lobe. 
C) Broca's area. 
D) Wernicke's area. 
E) occipital lobe. 
A) temporal and frontal lobes. 
B) parietal lobe. 
C) Broca's area. 
D) Wernicke's area. 
E) occipital lobe.

Question 19

Which animal would you expect to have the most sophisticated nervous system organization?

Accepted Answer

A) anemone 
B) oyster 
C) clam 
D) octopus 
E) chiton 
A) anemone 
B) oyster 
C) clam 
D) octopus 
E) chiton

Question 20

Use the following information to answer the next few questions.
While walking your dog one night,you notice that there are few animals making noise compared to the day.This piques your interest and you decide to perform a literature search.You discover that the 24-hour biological clock is a conserved evolutionary adaptation across many taxa,and is typically synchronized with periods of light and dark,where the animals are alert in the light periods and sleeping during the dark periods.The group of neurons that links the biological clock to environmental cues of light and dark is called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN).
-What would happen if the SCN were removed?

Accepted Answer

A) The organism would exhibit severe and erratic mood swings. 
B) The organism would die. 
C) Rhythmicity in behaviours and electrical activity of the brain would be lost. 
D) Decision making would be impaired. 
E) The organism would have a memory defect. 
A) The organism would exhibit severe and erratic mood swings. 
B) The organism would die. 
C) Rhythmicity in behaviours and electrical activity of the brain would be lost. 
D) Decision making would be impaired. 
E) The organism would have a memory defect.

Exam 49: Nervous Systems

Food and water appetites are under the regulatory influence of the

If a patient has an injury in the brain stem,which of the following would be observed?

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions. -In the figure,which letter points to the hippocampus?

Upon witnessing a robber hold up a convenience store at gunpoint,which of the following reactions would your nervous system initiate?

Which of the following shows a brain structure correctly paired with one of its primary functions?

The limbic system in the central nervous system sustains many vegetative functions in mammals and is closely associated with structures that process cues about

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions. -In the figure,which letter points to the thalamus?

In a cephalized invertebrate,the system that transmits "efferent" impulses from the anterior ganglion to distal segments is the

Which brain region would be involved in information retention if you were to take a nap after studying?

An adolescent decides to take a risky jump from the roof into a shallow pool.This poorly assessed decision is indicative of a(n)

Wernicke's and Broca's regions of the brain affect

The regulation of body temperature derives from the activity of the

In a simple synapse,where are neurotransmitter chemicals released?

In the human knee-jerk reflex,as the calf is raised from the vertical toward the horizontal,the muscles of the quadriceps (flexors on the ventral side of the thighs)and the muscles of the hamstring (extensors on the dorsal side of the thighs)are

Increases and decreases of the heart rate result from changes in the activity of the

One of the complications of Alzheimer's disease is an interference with learning and memory.This disease would most likely involve which of the following?

If you were writing an essay,the part of your brain that would be actively involved in this task would be the

Which animal would you expect to have the most sophisticated nervous system organization?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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