Question 1

An injury to the occipital lobe will likely impair which function?

Accepted Answer

A) primary visual cortex 
B) thalamus 
C) sense of taste 
D) sense of touch 
E) movement 
A) primary visual cortex 
B) thalamus 
C) sense of taste 
D) sense of touch 
E) movement

Question 2

The establishment and expression of emotions involves the

Accepted Answer

A) frontal lobes and limbic system. 
B) frontal lobes and parietal lobes. 
C) parietal lobes and limbic system. 
D) frontal and occipital lobes. 
E) occipital lobes and limbic system. 
A) frontal lobes and limbic system. 
B) frontal lobes and parietal lobes. 
C) parietal lobes and limbic system. 
D) frontal and occipital lobes. 
E) occipital lobes and limbic system.

Question 3

What is the point of connection between two communicating neurons called?

Accepted Answer

A) axon hillock 
B) dendrite 
C) synapse 
D) glia 
E) establishment point 
A) axon hillock 
B) dendrite 
C) synapse 
D) glia 
E) establishment point

Question 4

Bipolar disorder is similar to schizophrenia in that researchers suspect that both include trouble with the neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

A) dopamine. 
B) acetylcholine. 
C) norepinephrine. 
D) nitric oxide. 
E) ethanol. 
A) dopamine. 
B) acetylcholine. 
C) norepinephrine. 
D) nitric oxide. 
E) ethanol.

Question 5

The coordination of groups of skeletal muscles is driven by activity in the

Accepted Answer

A) cerebrum. 
B) cerebellum. 
C) thalamus. 
D) hypothalamus. 
E) medulla oblongata. 
A) cerebrum. 
B) cerebellum. 
C) thalamus. 
D) hypothalamus. 
E) medulla oblongata.

Question 6

Wakefulness is regulated by the reticular formation,which is present in the

Accepted Answer

A) basal nuclei. 
B) cerebral cortex. 
C) brainstem. 
D) limbic system. 
E) spinal cord. 
A) basal nuclei. 
B) cerebral cortex. 
C) brainstem. 
D) limbic system. 
E) spinal cord.

Question 7

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions.
  
-In the figure,which letter points to the olfactory bulb?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 8

Choose the correct match of glial cell type and function.

Accepted Answer

A) astrocytes → metabolize neurotransmitters and modulate synaptic effectiveness 
B) oligodendrocytes → produce the myelin sheaths of myelinated neurons in the peripheral nervous system 
C) microglia → produce the myelin sheaths of myelinated neurons in the central nervous system 
D) radial glia → the source of immunoprotection against pathogens 
E) Schwann cells → provide nutritional support to non-myelinated neurons 
A) astrocytes → metabolize neurotransmitters and modulate synaptic effectiveness 
B) oligodendrocytes → produce the myelin sheaths of myelinated neurons in the peripheral nervous system 
C) microglia → produce the myelin sheaths of myelinated neurons in the central nervous system 
D) radial glia → the source of immunoprotection against pathogens 
E) Schwann cells → provide nutritional support to non-myelinated neurons

Question 9

Although an exact count is not available,it is likely that the human brain has as many as

Accepted Answer

A) 10 000 neurons. 
B) 500 000 neurons. 
C) 1 million neurons. 
D) 10 million neurons. 
E) 100 billion neurons. 
A) 10 000 neurons. 
B) 500 000 neurons. 
C) 1 million neurons. 
D) 10 million neurons. 
E) 100 billion neurons.

Question 10

The cerebral cortex plays a major role in all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) short-term memory. 
B) long-term memory. 
C) circadian rhythm. 
D) foot-tapping rhythm. 
E) breath holding. 
A) short-term memory. 
B) long-term memory. 
C) circadian rhythm. 
D) foot-tapping rhythm. 
E) breath holding.

Question 11

Injury localized to the hypothalamus would most likely disrupt

Accepted Answer

A) short-term memory. 
B) coordination during locomotion. 
C) executive functions, such as decision making. 
D) sorting of sensory information. 
E) regulation of body temperature. 
A) short-term memory. 
B) coordination during locomotion. 
C) executive functions, such as decision making. 
D) sorting of sensory information. 
E) regulation of body temperature.

Question 12

Short-term memory information processing usually causes changes in the

Accepted Answer

A) brainstem. 
B) medulla. 
C) hypothalamus. 
D) hippocampus. 
E) cranial nerves. 
A) brainstem. 
B) medulla. 
C) hypothalamus. 
D) hippocampus. 
E) cranial nerves.

Question 13

Use the following information to answer the next few questions.
While deployed to Afghanistan,a soldier steps on a landmine and loses the lower portion of his right leg and also sustains a substantial brain injury.In time,doctors observe that the soldier is not acquiring new long-term memories since the explosion occurred; however,his recollection of times previous to the explosion is impeccable.Sometimes the soldier can feel a tingling sensation in his missing limb.
-With regard to memory,which region of the brain has been affected by the explosion?

Accepted Answer

A) somatosensory cortex 
B) hippocampus 
C) pallium 
D) Wernicke's area 
E) parietal lobe 
A) somatosensory cortex 
B) hippocampus 
C) pallium 
D) Wernicke's area 
E) parietal lobe

Question 14

Exercise and emergency reactions include

Accepted Answer

A) increased activity in all parts of the peripheral nervous system. 
B) increased activity in the sympathetic, and decreased activity in the parasympathetic, branches. 
C) decreased activity in the sympathetic, and increased activity in the parasympathetic, branches. 
D) increased activity in the enteric nervous system. 
E) reduced heart rate and blood pressure. 
A) increased activity in all parts of the peripheral nervous system. 
B) increased activity in the sympathetic, and decreased activity in the parasympathetic, branches. 
C) decreased activity in the sympathetic, and increased activity in the parasympathetic, branches. 
D) increased activity in the enteric nervous system. 
E) reduced heart rate and blood pressure.

Question 15

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions.
  
-In the figure,which letter points to the amygdala?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 16

Forming new long-term memories is strikingly disrupted after damage to the

Accepted Answer

A) thalamus. 
B) hypothalamus. 
C) hippocampus. 
D) somatosensory cortex. 
E) primary motor cortex. 
A) thalamus. 
B) hypothalamus. 
C) hippocampus. 
D) somatosensory cortex. 
E) primary motor cortex.

Question 17

Cranial nerves originate in the brain and are thus part of the

Accepted Answer

A) central nervous system. 
B) peripheral nervous system. 
C) autonomic nervous system. 
D) parasympathetic nervous system. 
E) sympathetic nervous system. 
A) central nervous system. 
B) peripheral nervous system. 
C) autonomic nervous system. 
D) parasympathetic nervous system. 
E) sympathetic nervous system.

Question 18

The divisions of the nervous system that have antagonistic,or opposing,actions are

Accepted Answer

A) motor and sensory systems. 
B) sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. 
C) presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes. 
D) forebrain and hindbrain. 
E) central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. 
A) motor and sensory systems. 
B) sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. 
C) presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes. 
D) forebrain and hindbrain. 
E) central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.

Question 19

The stretch receptors of the sensory neurons in the human knee-jerk reflex are located in the

Accepted Answer

A) gastrocnemius muscle, in the calf. 
B) cartilage of the knee. 
C) quadriceps, the flexor muscles on the ventral side of the thighs. 
D) hamstring, the extensor muscles on the dorsal side of the thighs. 
E) brain, the sensorimotor relay. 
A) gastrocnemius muscle, in the calf. 
B) cartilage of the knee. 
C) quadriceps, the flexor muscles on the ventral side of the thighs. 
D) hamstring, the extensor muscles on the dorsal side of the thighs. 
E) brain, the sensorimotor relay.

Question 20

The central nervous system is lacking in animals that have

Accepted Answer

A) a complete gut. 
B) bilateral symmetry. 
C) radial symmetry. 
D) a closed circulatory system. 
E) excitable membranes. 
A) a complete gut. 
B) bilateral symmetry. 
C) radial symmetry. 
D) a closed circulatory system. 
E) excitable membranes.

Exam 49: Nervous Systems

An injury to the occipital lobe will likely impair which function?

The establishment and expression of emotions involves the

What is the point of connection between two communicating neurons called?

Bipolar disorder is similar to schizophrenia in that researchers suspect that both include trouble with the neurotransmitter

The coordination of groups of skeletal muscles is driven by activity in the

Wakefulness is regulated by the reticular formation,which is present in the

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions. -In the figure,which letter points to the olfactory bulb?

Choose the correct match of glial cell type and function.

Although an exact count is not available,it is likely that the human brain has as many as

The cerebral cortex plays a major role in all of the following except

Injury localized to the hypothalamus would most likely disrupt

Short-term memory information processing usually causes changes in the

Exercise and emergency reactions include

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions. -In the figure,which letter points to the amygdala?

Forming new long-term memories is strikingly disrupted after damage to the

Cranial nerves originate in the brain and are thus part of the

The divisions of the nervous system that have antagonistic,or opposing,actions are

The stretch receptors of the sensory neurons in the human knee-jerk reflex are located in the

The central nervous system is lacking in animals that have

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters