Question 1

Which of the following would be the most problematic for the natural environment in the development of genetically engineered crops?

Accepted Answer

A) the introduction of male sterility into crops 
B) the creation of transgenic crops with apomictic seeds 
C) the creation of crops with flowers that develop normally, but fail to open 
D) the creation of transgenic crops that hybridize more easily 
A) the introduction of male sterility into crops 
B) the creation of transgenic crops with apomictic seeds 
C) the creation of crops with flowers that develop normally, but fail to open 
D) the creation of transgenic crops that hybridize more easily

Question 2

You are studying a plant from the Amazon rain forest that shows strong self-incompatibility.To characterize this reproductive mechanism,you would look for

Accepted Answer

A) ribonuclease (RNAase)activity in stigma cells. 
B) RNA in the plants. 
C) pollen grains with very thick walls. 
D) carpels that cannot produce eggs by meiosis. 
E) systems of wind, but not insect, pollination. 
A) ribonuclease (RNAase)activity in stigma cells. 
B) RNA in the plants. 
C) pollen grains with very thick walls. 
D) carpels that cannot produce eggs by meiosis. 
E) systems of wind, but not insect, pollination.

Question 3

One major potential benefit resulting from protoplast fusion experiments in agriculturally relevant species is

Accepted Answer

A) there is an increased potential of hopeful mutants. 
B) species that are normally sexually incompatible can sometimes be successfully fused, producing offspring with traits of both parent species. 
C) many new species can be produced in a short period of time. 
D) deleterious traits are often removed by this process. 
E) genetically unrelated species can be successfully combined to produce new species with much larger genomes and adaptive potentials. 
A) there is an increased potential of hopeful mutants. 
B) species that are normally sexually incompatible can sometimes be successfully fused, producing offspring with traits of both parent species. 
C) many new species can be produced in a short period of time. 
D) deleterious traits are often removed by this process. 
E) genetically unrelated species can be successfully combined to produce new species with much larger genomes and adaptive potentials.

Question 4

Recent research has shown that pollination requires that carpels recognize pollen grains as "self or nonself." For self-incompatibility,the system requires

Accepted Answer

A) the rejection of nonself cells. 
B) the rejection of self cells. 
C) carpel incompatibility with the egg cells. 
D) that the flowers be incomplete. 
E) the union of genetically identical sperm and egg cells. 
A) the rejection of nonself cells. 
B) the rejection of self cells. 
C) carpel incompatibility with the egg cells. 
D) that the flowers be incomplete. 
E) the union of genetically identical sperm and egg cells.

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in a pollen sac?

Accepted Answer

A) sporangia → meiosis → two haploid cells → meiosis → two pollen grains per cell 
B) pollen grain → meiosis → two generative cells → two tube cells per pollen grain 
C) two haploid cells → meiosis → generative cell → tube cell-fertilization → pollen grain 
D) pollen grain → mitosis → microspores → meiosis → generative cell plus tube cell 
E) microsporocyte → meiosis → microspores → mitosis → two haploid cells per pollen grain 
A) sporangia → meiosis → two haploid cells → meiosis → two pollen grains per cell 
B) pollen grain → meiosis → two generative cells → two tube cells per pollen grain 
C) two haploid cells → meiosis → generative cell → tube cell-fertilization → pollen grain 
D) pollen grain → mitosis → microspores → meiosis → generative cell plus tube cell 
E) microsporocyte → meiosis → microspores → mitosis → two haploid cells per pollen grain

Question 6

Which of the following is an advantage of sexual reproduction as opposed to asexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A) increased genetic variation in progeny 
B) enhanced mitosis 
C) more stable populations 
D) rapid increases in population due to high seed production 
E) higher reproductive success 
A) increased genetic variation in progeny 
B) enhanced mitosis 
C) more stable populations 
D) rapid increases in population due to high seed production 
E) higher reproductive success

Question 7

Which of these is a major trend in land plant evolution?

Accepted Answer

A) the trend toward smaller size 
B) the trend toward a gametophyte-dominated life cycle 
C) the trend toward a sporophyte-dominated life cycle 
D) the trend toward larger gametophytes 
A) the trend toward smaller size 
B) the trend toward a gametophyte-dominated life cycle 
C) the trend toward a sporophyte-dominated life cycle 
D) the trend toward larger gametophytes

Question 8

Which of the following is incorrectly paired with its life-cycle generation?

Accepted Answer

A) anther-gametophyte 
B) pollen-gametophyte 
C) embryo sac-gametophyte 
D) stamen-sporophyte 
E) embryo-sporophyte 
A) anther-gametophyte 
B) pollen-gametophyte 
C) embryo sac-gametophyte 
D) stamen-sporophyte 
E) embryo-sporophyte

Question 9

Which of the following statements argues for an advantage for flowering plants to maintain an extended gametophyte generation?

Accepted Answer

A) The protection of female gametophytes within ovules keeps them from drying out. 
B) Sperm with flagella can reach the egg faster. 
C) It provides sufficient time for the integument to develop into a seed coat. 
D) It allows for a complex nucleus to develop. 
E) It allows more time for potential pollination. 
A) The protection of female gametophytes within ovules keeps them from drying out. 
B) Sperm with flagella can reach the egg faster. 
C) It provides sufficient time for the integument to develop into a seed coat. 
D) It allows for a complex nucleus to develop. 
E) It allows more time for potential pollination.

Question 10

The structure of a mature functional fruit always includes

Accepted Answer

A) one or more seeds. 
B) extensive vascular connections to the parent plant. 
C) fleshy cells rich in sugars. 
D) brightly coloured pigments to attract animal dispersers. 
E) subtending bracts to protect against predators. 
A) one or more seeds. 
B) extensive vascular connections to the parent plant. 
C) fleshy cells rich in sugars. 
D) brightly coloured pigments to attract animal dispersers. 
E) subtending bracts to protect against predators.

Question 11

Which of the following is a potential advantage of introducing apomixis into hybrid crop species?

Accepted Answer

A) Cultivars would be better able to cope with a rapidly changing environment. 
B) They would have a larger potential genome than inbred crops. 
C) All of the desirable traits of the cultivar would be passed on to offspring. 
D) They would benefit from positive mutations in their DNA. 
E) It would be easier to introduce novel genes. 
A) Cultivars would be better able to cope with a rapidly changing environment. 
B) They would have a larger potential genome than inbred crops. 
C) All of the desirable traits of the cultivar would be passed on to offspring. 
D) They would benefit from positive mutations in their DNA. 
E) It would be easier to introduce novel genes.

Question 12

Which of the following occurs in an angiosperm ovule?

Accepted Answer

A) An antheridium forms from the megasporophyte. 
B) A megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis. 
C) The egg nucleus is usually diploid. 
D) A pollen tube emerges to accept pollen after pollination. 
E) The endosperm surrounds the megaspore mother cell. 
A) An antheridium forms from the megasporophyte. 
B) A megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis. 
C) The egg nucleus is usually diploid. 
D) A pollen tube emerges to accept pollen after pollination. 
E) The endosperm surrounds the megaspore mother cell.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct order of floral organs from the outside to the inside of a complete flower?

Accepted Answer

A) petals → sepals → stamens → carpels 
B) sepals → stamens → petals → carpels 
C) spores → gametes → zygote → embryo 
D) sepals → petals → stamens → carpels 
E) male gametophyte → female gametophyte → sepals → petals 
A) petals → sepals → stamens → carpels 
B) sepals → stamens → petals → carpels 
C) spores → gametes → zygote → embryo 
D) sepals → petals → stamens → carpels 
E) male gametophyte → female gametophyte → sepals → petals

Question 14

The most immediate potential benefits of introducing genetically modified crops include

Accepted Answer

A) increasing the amount of land suitable for agriculture. 
B) overcoming genetic incompatibility. 
C) increasing the frequency of self-pollination. 
D) increasing crop yield. 
E) decreasing the mutation rate of certain genes. 
A) increasing the amount of land suitable for agriculture. 
B) overcoming genetic incompatibility. 
C) increasing the frequency of self-pollination. 
D) increasing crop yield. 
E) decreasing the mutation rate of certain genes.

Question 15

In some angiosperms,other floral parts contribute to what is commonly called the fruit.Which of the following fruits is derived mostly from an enlarged receptacle?

Accepted Answer

A) pea 
B) raspberry 
C) apple 
D) pineapple 
E) peach 
A) pea 
B) raspberry 
C) apple 
D) pineapple 
E) peach

Question 16

The ovary is most often located on/in the

Accepted Answer

A) stamen. 
B) carpel. 
C) petals. 
D) sepals. 
E) receptacle. 
A) stamen. 
B) carpel. 
C) petals. 
D) sepals. 
E) receptacle.

Question 17

Which of the following developmental processes in a seed is the most evolutionarily advantageous for the initial establishment of a viable seedling?

Accepted Answer

A) The emergence of the radical. 
B) The coleoptiles in monocots. 
C) The protective layer of cutin outside of the seed coat. 
D) The emergence of the first photosynthetically active leaves. 
E) The development of a nutrient-rich hypocotyl. 
A) The emergence of the radical. 
B) The coleoptiles in monocots. 
C) The protective layer of cutin outside of the seed coat. 
D) The emergence of the first photosynthetically active leaves. 
E) The development of a nutrient-rich hypocotyl.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct sequence during the alternation of generations life cycle in a flowering plant?

Accepted Answer

A) sporophyte → meiosis → gametophyte → gametes → fertilization → diploid zygote 
B) sporophyte → mitosis → gametophyte → meiosis → sporophyte 
C) haploid gametophyte → gametes → meiosis → fertilization → diploid sporophyte 
D) sporophyte → spores → meiosis → gametophyte → gametes 
E) haploid sporophyte → spores → fertilization → diploid gametophyte 
A) sporophyte → meiosis → gametophyte → gametes → fertilization → diploid zygote 
B) sporophyte → mitosis → gametophyte → meiosis → sporophyte 
C) haploid gametophyte → gametes → meiosis → fertilization → diploid sporophyte 
D) sporophyte → spores → meiosis → gametophyte → gametes 
E) haploid sporophyte → spores → fertilization → diploid gametophyte

Question 19

Which of the following is not a means of asexual reproduction in plants?

Accepted Answer

A) fragmentation 
B) root system giving rise to adventitious shoots 
C) wind pollination 
D) apomixis 
E) vegetative buds 
A) fragmentation 
B) root system giving rise to adventitious shoots 
C) wind pollination 
D) apomixis 
E) vegetative buds

Question 20

At the conclusion of meiosis in plants,the end products are always four haploid

Accepted Answer

A) spores. 
B) eggs. 
C) sperm. 
D) seeds. 
E) gametes. 
A) spores. 
B) eggs. 
C) sperm. 
D) seeds. 
E) gametes.

Exam 38: Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Which of the following would be the most problematic for the natural environment in the development of genetically engineered crops?

You are studying a plant from the Amazon rain forest that shows strong self-incompatibility.To characterize this reproductive mechanism,you would look for

One major potential benefit resulting from protoplast fusion experiments in agriculturally relevant species is

Recent research has shown that pollination requires that carpels recognize pollen grains as "self or nonself." For self-incompatibility,the system requires

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in a pollen sac?

Which of the following is an advantage of sexual reproduction as opposed to asexual reproduction?

Which of these is a major trend in land plant evolution?

Which of the following is incorrectly paired with its life-cycle generation?

Which of the following statements argues for an advantage for flowering plants to maintain an extended gametophyte generation?

The structure of a mature functional fruit always includes

Which of the following is a potential advantage of introducing apomixis into hybrid crop species?

Which of the following occurs in an angiosperm ovule?

Which of the following is the correct order of floral organs from the outside to the inside of a complete flower?

The most immediate potential benefits of introducing genetically modified crops include

In some angiosperms,other floral parts contribute to what is commonly called the fruit.Which of the following fruits is derived mostly from an enlarged receptacle?

The ovary is most often located on/in the

Which of the following developmental processes in a seed is the most evolutionarily advantageous for the initial establishment of a viable seedling?

Which of the following is the correct sequence during the alternation of generations life cycle in a flowering plant?

Which of the following is not a means of asexual reproduction in plants?

At the conclusion of meiosis in plants,the end products are always four haploid

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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