Question 1

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil?

Accepted Answer

A) taproots 
B) root hairs 
C) the thick parts of the roots near the base of the stem 
D) storage roots 
E) sections of the root that have secondary xylem 
A) taproots 
B) root hairs 
C) the thick parts of the roots near the base of the stem 
D) storage roots 
E) sections of the root that have secondary xylem

Question 2

Which of the following best describes advantages conferred by compound leaves versus simple leaves?

Accepted Answer

A) There is a greater chance of capturing photons in intermittently shady areas. 
B) There is less chance of damage in high-wind areas. 
C) There is a reduced chance of herbivory. 
D) There is less surface area for water loss. 
E) There is a greater chance of capturing photons in intermittently shady areas and less chance of damage in high-wind areas. 
A) There is a greater chance of capturing photons in intermittently shady areas. 
B) There is less chance of damage in high-wind areas. 
C) There is a reduced chance of herbivory. 
D) There is less surface area for water loss. 
E) There is a greater chance of capturing photons in intermittently shady areas and less chance of damage in high-wind areas.

Question 3

Which of the following structure-function pairs is incorrectly matched?

Accepted Answer

A) green roots-important for photosynthesis in some species of aerial plants with few leaves 
B) root hairs-increase surface area of roots for water and mineral absorption 
C) bulbs-underground roots that store food 
D) prop roots-support tall, top-heavy trees that grow in unstable soil 
E) pneumatophores-air roots that project above water allowing oxygen to enter 
A) green roots-important for photosynthesis in some species of aerial plants with few leaves 
B) root hairs-increase surface area of roots for water and mineral absorption 
C) bulbs-underground roots that store food 
D) prop roots-support tall, top-heavy trees that grow in unstable soil 
E) pneumatophores-air roots that project above water allowing oxygen to enter

Question 4

The following question is based on parts of a growing primary root.
I. root cap
II. zone of elongation
III. zone of cell division
IV. zone of cell maturation
V. apical meristem
-Which of the following root tissues gives rise to lateral roots?

Accepted Answer

A) endodermis 
B) phloem 
C) cortex 
D) epidermis 
E) pericycle 
A) endodermis 
B) phloem 
C) cortex 
D) epidermis 
E) pericycle

Question 5

Based on the ABC hypothesis,what would be the structure of a flower from the outermost whorl that had normal expression of genes A and C and expression of gene B in all four whorls?

Accepted Answer

A) carpel-petal-petal-carpel 
B) petal-petal-stamen-stamen 
C) sepal-carpel-carpel-sepal 
D) sepal-sepal-carpel-carpel 
E) carpel-carpel-carpel-carpel 
A) carpel-petal-petal-carpel 
B) petal-petal-stamen-stamen 
C) sepal-carpel-carpel-sepal 
D) sepal-sepal-carpel-carpel 
E) carpel-carpel-carpel-carpel

Question 6

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A) A preprophase band determines where a cell plate will form in a dividing cell. 
B) The way in which a plant cell differentiates is determined by the cell's position in the developing plant body. 
C) Homeotic genes often control morphogenesis. 
D) Plant cells differentiate because the cytoskeleton determines which genes will be turned "on" and "off." 
E) Arabidopsis was the first plant to have its genome sequenced. 
A) A preprophase band determines where a cell plate will form in a dividing cell. 
B) The way in which a plant cell differentiates is determined by the cell's position in the developing plant body. 
C) Homeotic genes often control morphogenesis. 
D) Plant cells differentiate because the cytoskeleton determines which genes will be turned "on" and "off." 
E) Arabidopsis was the first plant to have its genome sequenced.

Question 7

What would be a plant adaptation that increases exposure of a plant to light in a dense forest?

Accepted Answer

A) closing of the stomata 
B) lateral buds 
C) apical dominance 
D) absence of petioles 
E) intercalary meristems 
A) closing of the stomata 
B) lateral buds 
C) apical dominance 
D) absence of petioles 
E) intercalary meristems

Question 8

Plants contain meristems whose major function is to

Accepted Answer

A) attract pollinators. 
B) absorb ions. 
C) photosynthesize. 
D) produce more cells. 
E) produce flowers. 
A) attract pollinators. 
B) absorb ions. 
C) photosynthesize. 
D) produce more cells. 
E) produce flowers.

Question 9

Secondary growth is best described as

Accepted Answer

A) consisting mostly of mesophyll layers. 
B) a growth in thickness caused by lateral meristems. 
C) a growth in height caused by apical meristems. 
D) structural, photosynthetic, protective. 
E) dependent on water- and sugar-conducting cells. 
A) consisting mostly of mesophyll layers. 
B) a growth in thickness caused by lateral meristems. 
C) a growth in height caused by apical meristems. 
D) structural, photosynthetic, protective. 
E) dependent on water- and sugar-conducting cells.

Question 10

As a youngster,you drive a nail in the trunk of a young tree that is 3 metres tall.The nail is about 1.5 metres from the ground.Fifteen years later,you return and discover that the tree has grown to a height of 30 metres.About how many metres above the ground is the nail?

Accepted Answer

A) 0)5 
B) 1)5 
C) 3)0 
D) 15.0 
E) 28.5 
A) 0)5 
B) 1)5 
C) 3)0 
D) 15.0 
E) 28.5

Question 11

The innermost layer of the root cortex is the

Accepted Answer

A) core. 
B) pericycle. 
C) endodermis. 
D) pith. 
E) vascular cambium. 
A) core. 
B) pericycle. 
C) endodermis. 
D) pith. 
E) vascular cambium.

Question 12

If you were able to walk into an opening cut into the centre of a large redwood tree,when you exit from the middle of the trunk (stem)outward,you would cross,in order

Accepted Answer

A) the annual rings, new xylem, vascular cambium, phloem, and bark. 
B) the secondary xylem, cork cambium, phloem, and periderm. 
C) the vascular cambium, oldest xylem, and newest xylem. 
D) the secondary xylem, secondary phloem, and vascular cambium. 
E) the summer wood, bark, and phloem. 
A) the annual rings, new xylem, vascular cambium, phloem, and bark. 
B) the secondary xylem, cork cambium, phloem, and periderm. 
C) the vascular cambium, oldest xylem, and newest xylem. 
D) the secondary xylem, secondary phloem, and vascular cambium. 
E) the summer wood, bark, and phloem.

Question 13

Before differentiation can begin during the processes of plant cell and tissue culture,parenchyma cells from the source tissue must

Accepted Answer

A) differentiate into procambium. 
B) undergo dedifferentiation. 
C) increase the number of chromosomes in their nuclei. 
D) enzymatically digest their primary cell walls. 
E) establish a new polarity in their cytoplasm. 
A) differentiate into procambium. 
B) undergo dedifferentiation. 
C) increase the number of chromosomes in their nuclei. 
D) enzymatically digest their primary cell walls. 
E) establish a new polarity in their cytoplasm.

Question 14

Which of the following arise,directly or indirectly,from meristematic activity?

Accepted Answer

A) secondary xylem 
B) leaves 
C) dermal tissue 
D) tubers 
E) secondary xylem, leaves, dermal tissue, and tubers 
A) secondary xylem 
B) leaves 
C) dermal tissue 
D) tubers 
E) secondary xylem, leaves, dermal tissue, and tubers

Question 15

Most of the growth of a plant body is the result of

Accepted Answer

A) cell differentiation. 
B) morphogenesis. 
C) cell division. 
D) cell elongation. 
E) reproduction. 
A) cell differentiation. 
B) morphogenesis. 
C) cell division. 
D) cell elongation. 
E) reproduction.

Question 16

Which cells are no longer capable of carrying out the process of DNA transcription?

Accepted Answer

A) tracheids 
B) mature mesophyll cells 
C) companion cells 
D) meristematic cells 
E) glandular cells 
A) tracheids 
B) mature mesophyll cells 
C) companion cells 
D) meristematic cells 
E) glandular cells

Question 17

Which of the following is a true statement about growth in plants?

Accepted Answer

A) Only primary growth is localized at meristems. 
B) Some plants lack secondary growth. 
C) Only stems have secondary growth. 
D) Only secondary growth produces reproductive structures. 
E) Monocots have only primary growth, and eudicots have only secondary growth. 
A) Only primary growth is localized at meristems. 
B) Some plants lack secondary growth. 
C) Only stems have secondary growth. 
D) Only secondary growth produces reproductive structures. 
E) Monocots have only primary growth, and eudicots have only secondary growth.

Question 18

Which of the following was a challenge to the survival of the first land plants?

Accepted Answer

A) too much sunlight 
B) a shortage of carbon dioxide 
C) desiccation 
D) animal predation 
A) too much sunlight 
B) a shortage of carbon dioxide 
C) desiccation 
D) animal predation

Question 19

A cell that is most likely to retain the ability to divide,perform metabolic functions,and store photosynthate would be a

Accepted Answer

A) parenchyma cell in a leaf. 
B) vessel element in the vascular system. 
C) endodermal cell in a root. 
D) bark cell. 
E) fibre cell. 
A) parenchyma cell in a leaf. 
B) vessel element in the vascular system. 
C) endodermal cell in a root. 
D) bark cell. 
E) fibre cell.

Question 20

Which of the following are most responsible for supporting mature,nongrowing parts of the plant?

Accepted Answer

A) parenchyma cells 
B) collenchyma cells 
C) trichomes 
D) tracheids and vessel elements 
E) sieve-tube elements 
A) parenchyma cells 
B) collenchyma cells 
C) trichomes 
D) tracheids and vessel elements 
E) sieve-tube elements

Exam 35: Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil?

Which of the following best describes advantages conferred by compound leaves versus simple leaves?

Which of the following structure-function pairs is incorrectly matched?

The following question is based on parts of a growing primary root. I. root cap II. zone of elongation III. zone of cell division IV. zone of cell maturation V. apical meristem -Which of the following root tissues gives rise to lateral roots?

Based on the ABC hypothesis,what would be the structure of a flower from the outermost whorl that had normal expression of genes A and C and expression of gene B in all four whorls?

Which of the following statements is false?

What would be a plant adaptation that increases exposure of a plant to light in a dense forest?

Plants contain meristems whose major function is to

Secondary growth is best described as

As a youngster,you drive a nail in the trunk of a young tree that is 3 metres tall.The nail is about 1.5 metres from the ground.Fifteen years later,you return and discover that the tree has grown to a height of 30 metres.About how many metres above the ground is the nail?

The innermost layer of the root cortex is the

If you were able to walk into an opening cut into the centre of a large redwood tree,when you exit from the middle of the trunk (stem)outward,you would cross,in order

Before differentiation can begin during the processes of plant cell and tissue culture,parenchyma cells from the source tissue must

Which of the following arise,directly or indirectly,from meristematic activity?

Most of the growth of a plant body is the result of

Which cells are no longer capable of carrying out the process of DNA transcription?

Which of the following is a true statement about growth in plants?

Which of the following was a challenge to the survival of the first land plants?

A cell that is most likely to retain the ability to divide,perform metabolic functions,and store photosynthate would be a

Which of the following are most responsible for supporting mature,nongrowing parts of the plant?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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