Question 1

Which one of the statements given below about the HIV envelope is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The envelope contains glycoproteins. 
B)  The envelope contains phospholipids. 
C)  The envelope surrounds the capsid. 
D)  The envelope fuses with the plasma membrane during entry of the virus into a cell. 
E)  Reverse transcriptase is in the envelope. 
A)  The envelope contains glycoproteins. 
B)  The envelope contains phospholipids. 
C)  The envelope surrounds the capsid. 
D)  The envelope fuses with the plasma membrane during entry of the virus into a cell. 
E)  Reverse transcriptase is in the envelope.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about viruses is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are not cells. 
B)  They can regulate the movements of substances into and out of the cell. 
C)  They can reproduce outside living cells. 
D)  They are large and therefore easy to study. 
E)  They are readily destroyed by antibiotics. 
A)  They are not cells. 
B)  They can regulate the movements of substances into and out of the cell. 
C)  They can reproduce outside living cells. 
D)  They are large and therefore easy to study. 
E)  They are readily destroyed by antibiotics.

Question 3

Suppose that a cell has a mutation that deletes the gene encoding the repressor for a certain operon, and a plasmid is introduced into the host cell that carries a wild-type copy of the gene for the repressor. Is normal regulation of this operon restored in the presence of this plasmid?

Accepted Answer

Yes. The repressor gene can be

Question 4

Imagine that gene X is moved to a part of the chromosome where the histones are highly acetylated. How will this affect its expression?

Accepted Answer

A)  There will be no effect. 
B)  It will be transcribed but not translated. 
C)  It will be transcribed if the transcription factors receive the appropriate environmental signal. 
D)  It will not be transcribed or translated. 
E)  It will be transcribed if the histones become deacetylated. 
A)  There will be no effect. 
B)  It will be transcribed but not translated. 
C)  It will be transcribed if the transcription factors receive the appropriate environmental signal. 
D)  It will not be transcribed or translated. 
E)  It will be transcribed if the histones become deacetylated.

Question 5

Host proteins normally bind to viral mRNA and cause the RNA polymerase to fall off the viral DNA, terminating transcription. HIV counteracts this regulation with a protein called _______ that blocks this action.

Accepted Answer

Tat or tra

Question 6

The retrovirus HIV enters a host cell

Accepted Answer

A)  by fusion of its envelope with the host's plasma membrane. 
B)  by endocytosis. 
C)  by vectors. 
D)  through cytoplasmic connections between cells (plasmodesmata). 
E)  by phagocytosis. 
A)  by fusion of its envelope with the host's plasma membrane. 
B)  by endocytosis. 
C)  by vectors. 
D)  through cytoplasmic connections between cells (plasmodesmata). 
E)  by phagocytosis.

Question 7

In prokaryotes, _______ genes encode repressor proteins.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In prokaryotes, _______ genes encode repressor proteins....

Question 8

Which of the following statements about TATA boxes is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They bind a specific transcription factor. 
B)  They are found in the region of the promoter. 
C)  They are part of the intron consensus sequence. 
D)  They help specify the starting point for transcription. 
E)  They contain thymine-adenine base pairs. 
A)  They bind a specific transcription factor. 
B)  They are found in the region of the promoter. 
C)  They are part of the intron consensus sequence. 
D)  They help specify the starting point for transcription. 
E)  They contain thymine-adenine base pairs.

Question 9

Ubiquitin forms a complex with proteins and then binds with _______, forming a sort of "molecular chamber of doom," where proteins are digested into small peptides and amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A)  the extracellular space 
B)  mitochondria 
C)  the proteasome 
D)  lysosomes 
E)  the Golgi apparatus 
A)  the extracellular space 
B)  mitochondria 
C)  the proteasome 
D)  lysosomes 
E)  the Golgi apparatus

Question 10

When the concentration of glucose is high, the concentration of _______ is low.

Accepted Answer

A)  CRP 
B)  cAMP 
C)  repressors 
D)  inducers 
E)  None of the above 
A)  CRP 
B)  cAMP 
C)  repressors 
D)  inducers 
E)  None of the above

Question 11

Which of the following would not affect gene expression in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deletion of a promoter 
B)  Deletion of an enhancer 
C)  Lack of modification of the cap structure on mRNA. 
D)  Inability of transcription factor to bind promoter 
E)  Deletion of a DNA ori site 
A)  Deletion of a promoter 
B)  Deletion of an enhancer 
C)  Lack of modification of the cap structure on mRNA. 
D)  Inability of transcription factor to bind promoter 
E)  Deletion of a DNA ori site

Question 12

The region of the gene that binds RNA polymerase is the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The region of the gene that binds...

Question 13

Bacteria that house nonlytic bacteriophage are called _______ bacteria.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bacteria that house nonlytic bacteriophage are called...

Question 14

Suppose you are engineering gene Y, such that when it is inserted into a eukaryotic chromosome it will be expressed continuously. Which specific sequences must be part of this gene so that it will be expressed?

Accepted Answer

You will need a promoter that binds tran

Question 15

Which statement about selective gene transcription in eukaryotes is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Regulatory proteins can bind at a site on DNA distant from the promoter. 
B)  Transcription requires transcription factors. 
C)  Genes are usually transcribed as groups called operons. 
D)  Both positive and negative regulation occur. 
E)  Many proteins bind at the promoter. 
A)  Regulatory proteins can bind at a site on DNA distant from the promoter. 
B)  Transcription requires transcription factors. 
C)  Genes are usually transcribed as groups called operons. 
D)  Both positive and negative regulation occur. 
E)  Many proteins bind at the promoter.

Question 16

In transduction,

Accepted Answer

A)  only a particular part of the bacterial chromosome can be transferred. 
B)  a part of the bacterial chromosome may be transferred. 
C)  only the F plasmid can be transferred. 
D)  only the part of the bacterial chromosome near the F plasmid can be transferred. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  only a particular part of the bacterial chromosome can be transferred. 
B)  a part of the bacterial chromosome may be transferred. 
C)  only the F plasmid can be transferred. 
D)  only the part of the bacterial chromosome near the F plasmid can be transferred. 
E)  None of the above

Question 17

When the synthesis of an enzyme is turned off in response to an external biochemical cue (such as an excess in tryptophan), the enzyme is said to be _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the synthesis of an enzyme is...

Question 18

The three basic parts of an operon are the

Accepted Answer

A)  promoter, the operator, and two or more structural genes. 
B)  promoter, the structural genes, and the termination codons. 
C)  promoter, the mRNA, and the termination codons. 
D)  structural genes, the mRNA, and the tRNAs. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  promoter, the operator, and two or more structural genes. 
B)  promoter, the structural genes, and the termination codons. 
C)  promoter, the mRNA, and the termination codons. 
D)  structural genes, the mRNA, and the tRNAs. 
E)  None of the above

Question 19

In neurons, the globin gene contains many methylated cytosines. The globin gene, therefore, is

Accepted Answer

A)  expressed only in males. 
B)  expressed only in females. 
C)  not expressed. 
D)  regulated by posttranscriptional control. 
E)  regulated by posttranslational control. 
A)  expressed only in males. 
B)  expressed only in females. 
C)  not expressed. 
D)  regulated by posttranscriptional control. 
E)  regulated by posttranslational control.

Question 20

Changes in the expression of a gene or set of genes that occur without changing the DNA sequence is referred to as _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Changes in the expression of a gene...

Exam 16: Regulation of Gene Expression

Which one of the statements given below about the HIV envelope is false?

Which of the following statements about viruses is true?

Suppose that a cell has a mutation that deletes the gene encoding the repressor for a certain operon, and a plasmid is introduced into the host cell that carries a wild-type copy of the gene for the repressor. Is normal regulation of this operon restored in the presence of this plasmid?

Imagine that gene X is moved to a part of the chromosome where the histones are highly acetylated. How will this affect its expression?

Host proteins normally bind to viral mRNA and cause the RNA polymerase to fall off the viral DNA, terminating transcription. HIV counteracts this regulation with a protein called _______ that blocks this action.

The retrovirus HIV enters a host cell

In prokaryotes, _______ genes encode repressor proteins.

Which of the following statements about TATA boxes is false?

Ubiquitin forms a complex with proteins and then binds with _______, forming a sort of "molecular chamber of doom," where proteins are digested into small peptides and amino acids.

When the concentration of glucose is high, the concentration of _______ is low.

Which of the following would not affect gene expression in a eukaryotic cell?

The region of the gene that binds RNA polymerase is the _______.

Bacteria that house nonlytic bacteriophage are called _______ bacteria.

Suppose you are engineering gene Y, such that when it is inserted into a eukaryotic chromosome it will be expressed continuously. Which specific sequences must be part of this gene so that it will be expressed?

Which statement about selective gene transcription in eukaryotes is not true?

In transduction,

When the synthesis of an enzyme is turned off in response to an external biochemical cue (such as an excess in tryptophan), the enzyme is said to be _______.

The three basic parts of an operon are the

In neurons, the globin gene contains many methylated cytosines. The globin gene, therefore, is

Changes in the expression of a gene or set of genes that occur without changing the DNA sequence is referred to as _______.

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

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Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

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Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

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From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Genomes

Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

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The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

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Gas Exchange in Animals

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