Question 1

Muscle tone is the condition in which

Accepted Answer

A)  different muscles are taking responsibility for maintaining posture. 
B)  the muscle has generated maximum tension. 
C)  the muscle will eventually exhaust its supply of ATP. 
D)  a small but changing number of motor units is active. 
E)  the maximum number of action potentials is being received by the muscle. 
A)  different muscles are taking responsibility for maintaining posture. 
B)  the muscle has generated maximum tension. 
C)  the muscle will eventually exhaust its supply of ATP. 
D)  a small but changing number of motor units is active. 
E)  the maximum number of action potentials is being received by the muscle.

Question 2

Which of the following is not one of the systems that supplies muscles with the ATP needed for contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immediate system 
B)  Pyruvic system 
C)  Glycolytic system 
D)  Oxidative system 
E)  Both a and d 
A)  Immediate system 
B)  Pyruvic system 
C)  Glycolytic system 
D)  Oxidative system 
E)  Both a and d

Question 3

How does tropomyosin control muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  It provides a bridge between actin and myosin. 
B)  It provides a site where ATP can be utilized. 
C)  Changes in its position expose actin-myosin binding sites. 
D)  It transmits electric charge to the filaments. 
E)  Changes in its shape open membrane channels. 
A)  It provides a bridge between actin and myosin. 
B)  It provides a site where ATP can be utilized. 
C)  Changes in its position expose actin-myosin binding sites. 
D)  It transmits electric charge to the filaments. 
E)  Changes in its shape open membrane channels.

Question 4

Which type of joint allows for almost complete rotational movement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ball-and-socket 
B)  Pivot 
C)  Hinge 
D)  Saddle 
E)  Plane 
A)  Ball-and-socket 
B)  Pivot 
C)  Hinge 
D)  Saddle 
E)  Plane

Question 5

If the slow-twitch muscle fiber of a marathon runner, weight lifter, and triathlon competitor (5k run, 1k swim, 10k bike) were compared, which of the following would represent the correct order, from highest to lowest, of the percentage of slow-twitch muscle in their bodies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Triathlete, marathon runner, weight lifter 
B)  Weight lifter, marathon runner, triathlete 
C)  Marathon runner, triathlete, weight lifter 
D)  Triathlete, weight lifter, marathon runner 
E)  Marathon runner, weight lifter, triathlete 
A)  Triathlete, marathon runner, weight lifter 
B)  Weight lifter, marathon runner, triathlete 
C)  Marathon runner, triathlete, weight lifter 
D)  Triathlete, weight lifter, marathon runner 
E)  Marathon runner, weight lifter, triathlete

Question 6

Most of the compact bone in mammals is called _______ bone.

Accepted Answer

A)  calciform 
B)  Haversian 
C)  cavernosa 
D)  cancellous 
E)  None of the above 
A)  calciform 
B)  Haversian 
C)  cavernosa 
D)  cancellous 
E)  None of the above

Question 7

A sarcomere is best described as a

Accepted Answer

A)  moveable structural unit within a myofibril bounded by H zones. 
B)  fixed structural unit within a myofibril bounded by Z lines. 
C)  fixed structural unit within a myofibril bounded by A bands. 
D)  moveable structural unit within a myofibril bounded by Z lines. 
E)  collection of myofibrils. 
A)  moveable structural unit within a myofibril bounded by H zones. 
B)  fixed structural unit within a myofibril bounded by Z lines. 
C)  fixed structural unit within a myofibril bounded by A bands. 
D)  moveable structural unit within a myofibril bounded by Z lines. 
E)  collection of myofibrils.

Question 8

Cartilage tissue consists of _______ fibers in a rubbery matrix of proteins and polysaccharides.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cartilage tissue consists of _______ fibers in...

Question 9

Fast-twitch fibers

Accepted Answer

A)  are also called white muscle. 
B)  fatigue rapidly. 
C)  have fewer mitochondria per cell than do slow- twitch fibers. 
D)  are also glycolytic muscle. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  are also called white muscle. 
B)  fatigue rapidly. 
C)  have fewer mitochondria per cell than do slow- twitch fibers. 
D)  are also glycolytic muscle. 
E)  All of the above

Question 10

How do muscle fibers shorten during contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individual protein filaments contract. 
B)  More cross-bridges are formed between filaments. 
C)  Arrays of filaments overlap each other. 
D)  Protein filaments coil more tightly. 
E)  Subunits of protein polymers detach. 
A)  Individual protein filaments contract. 
B)  More cross-bridges are formed between filaments. 
C)  Arrays of filaments overlap each other. 
D)  Protein filaments coil more tightly. 
E)  Subunits of protein polymers detach.

Question 11

Smooth muscle contracts involuntarily, whereas skeletal muscle contraction is under voluntary control. How do the mechanisms that control smooth muscle and skeletal muscle contraction differ?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle contraction and skeletal m

Question 12

Which of the following statements about skeletal systems as a series of joints and levers is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  An extensor muscle moves a bone closer to the body. 
B)  Antagonistic pairs include an extensor muscle and a flexor muscle associated with the same joint. 
C)  Ligaments hold together bones that meet at joints. 
D)  Tendons attach muscles to bones. 
E)  The knee joint is a hinge joint. 
A)  An extensor muscle moves a bone closer to the body. 
B)  Antagonistic pairs include an extensor muscle and a flexor muscle associated with the same joint. 
C)  Ligaments hold together bones that meet at joints. 
D)  Tendons attach muscles to bones. 
E)  The knee joint is a hinge joint.

Question 13

The three systems by which muscles obtain ATP

Accepted Answer

A)  differ in the capacity and rate at which they produce ATP. 
B)  rely on the large amounts of ATP stored in muscle. 
C)  produce similar amounts of ATP. 
D)  rely on reactions within mitochondria. 
E)  have similar time courses. 
A)  differ in the capacity and rate at which they produce ATP. 
B)  rely on the large amounts of ATP stored in muscle. 
C)  produce similar amounts of ATP. 
D)  rely on reactions within mitochondria. 
E)  have similar time courses.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about exoskeletons is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  During molting, the old exoskeleton is reabsorbed and a new exoskeleton forms. 
B)  A clam shell is an exoskeleton. 
C)  The arthropod cuticle is secreted by a layer of cells just below the exoskeleton. 
D)  The inner layer of the arthropod exoskeleton is used for muscle attachment. 
E)  The arthropod exoskeleton is a continuous covering that is thinned at the joints. 
A)  During molting, the old exoskeleton is reabsorbed and a new exoskeleton forms. 
B)  A clam shell is an exoskeleton. 
C)  The arthropod cuticle is secreted by a layer of cells just below the exoskeleton. 
D)  The inner layer of the arthropod exoskeleton is used for muscle attachment. 
E)  The arthropod exoskeleton is a continuous covering that is thinned at the joints.

Question 15

Fast-twitch skeletal muscle fibers, called white muscle, are characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  a high concentration of myoglobin. 
B)  abundant mitochondria. 
C)  the rapid development of high tension. 
D)  the ability to sustain activity for a long time. 
E)  a higher oxygen requirement than that of slow-twitch fibers. 
A)  a high concentration of myoglobin. 
B)  abundant mitochondria. 
C)  the rapid development of high tension. 
D)  the ability to sustain activity for a long time. 
E)  a higher oxygen requirement than that of slow-twitch fibers.

Question 16

Refer to the diagram below. Which of the following represents the stages of muscle contraction in the correct order?

Accepted Answer

A)  A, B, C, D, E, F 
B)  A, F, E, D, C, B 
C)  A, C, D, E, F, B 
D)  A, C, B, F, E, D 
E)  A, D, C, B, F, E 
A)  A, B, C, D, E, F 
B)  A, F, E, D, C, B 
C)  A, C, D, E, F, B 
D)  A, C, B, F, E, D 
E)  A, D, C, B, F, E

Question 17

When animals die, muscles stiffen in rigor mortis because

Accepted Answer

A)  muscles cannot contract without ATP. 
B)  actin and myosin cannot bind without ATP. 
C)  actin and myosin cannot separate without ATP. 
D)  ATP is required for synthesis of protein filaments. 
E)  ATP forms cross-bridges between filaments. 
A)  muscles cannot contract without ATP. 
B)  actin and myosin cannot bind without ATP. 
C)  actin and myosin cannot separate without ATP. 
D)  ATP is required for synthesis of protein filaments. 
E)  ATP forms cross-bridges between filaments.

Question 18

The sliding filament theory states that _______ during a muscle contraction.

Accepted Answer

A)  actin changes length 
B)  myosin changes length 
C)  actin and myosin slide past each other 
D)  both actin and myosin change length 
E)  actin filaments slide through the M band 
A)  actin changes length 
B)  myosin changes length 
C)  actin and myosin slide past each other 
D)  both actin and myosin change length 
E)  actin filaments slide through the M band

Question 19

The most important determinant of the proportion of fast- and slow-twitch fibers in skeletal muscle is

Accepted Answer

A)  diet. 
B)  exercise. 
C)  genetic heritage. 
D)  age. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  diet. 
B)  exercise. 
C)  genetic heritage. 
D)  age. 
E)  None of the above

Question 20

Shot-putters competing in track and field events need short, intense bursts of energy, but find that they are quickly fatigued by the activity. An examination of the muscles used in this sport would show that they

Accepted Answer

A)  have substantial reserves of fuel. 
B)  have low levels of ATPase activity. 
C)  are well-supplied with blood vessels. 
D)  have relatively few mitochondria. 
E)  develop tension quickly. 
A)  have substantial reserves of fuel. 
B)  have low levels of ATPase activity. 
C)  are well-supplied with blood vessels. 
D)  have relatively few mitochondria. 
E)  develop tension quickly.

Exam 48: Musculoskeletal Systems

Muscle tone is the condition in which

Which of the following is not one of the systems that supplies muscles with the ATP needed for contraction?

How does tropomyosin control muscle contraction?

Which type of joint allows for almost complete rotational movement?

If the slow-twitch muscle fiber of a marathon runner, weight lifter, and triathlon competitor (5k run, 1k swim, 10k bike) were compared, which of the following would represent the correct order, from highest to lowest, of the percentage of slow-twitch muscle in their bodies?

Most of the compact bone in mammals is called _______ bone.

A sarcomere is best described as a

Cartilage tissue consists of _______ fibers in a rubbery matrix of proteins and polysaccharides.

Fast-twitch fibers

How do muscle fibers shorten during contraction?

Smooth muscle contracts involuntarily, whereas skeletal muscle contraction is under voluntary control. How do the mechanisms that control smooth muscle and skeletal muscle contraction differ?

Which of the following statements about skeletal systems as a series of joints and levers is false?

The three systems by which muscles obtain ATP

Which of the following statements about exoskeletons is false?

Fast-twitch skeletal muscle fibers, called white muscle, are characterized by

Refer to the diagram below. Which of the following represents the stages of muscle contraction in the correct order?

When animals die, muscles stiffen in rigor mortis because

The sliding filament theory states that _______ during a muscle contraction.

The most important determinant of the proportion of fast- and slow-twitch fibers in skeletal muscle is

Shot-putters competing in track and field events need short, intense bursts of energy, but find that they are quickly fatigued by the activity. An examination of the muscles used in this sport would show that they

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