Question 1

Damage caused to shrubs by branches falling from overhead trees is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  interference competition. 
B)  partial predation. 
C)  amensalism. 
D)  commensalism. 
E)  diffuse coevolution. 
A)  interference competition. 
B)  partial predation. 
C)  amensalism. 
D)  commensalism. 
E)  diffuse coevolution.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the relationship between plants and animals is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because vertebrates are more likely than insects to be herbivores, plants have not needed to evolve responses against insect herbivory. 
B)  Because herbivorous insects usually do not kill the plants they feed on, their role as a selective agent is questionable. 
C)  Because most plants live a long time, they are less likely to be able to evolve defenses against the herbivores. 
D)  The fact that most insects are able to eat a wide variety of plants suggests that plant defenses are ineffective. 
E)  The fact that insects do not exhibit character displacement argues against their ability to coevolve with any other life form. 
A)  Because vertebrates are more likely than insects to be herbivores, plants have not needed to evolve responses against insect herbivory. 
B)  Because herbivorous insects usually do not kill the plants they feed on, their role as a selective agent is questionable. 
C)  Because most plants live a long time, they are less likely to be able to evolve defenses against the herbivores. 
D)  The fact that most insects are able to eat a wide variety of plants suggests that plant defenses are ineffective. 
E)  The fact that insects do not exhibit character displacement argues against their ability to coevolve with any other life form.

Question 3

The evolution of similar traits on the part of species that experience similar selective pressures is a phenomenon called

Accepted Answer

A)  Batesian mimicry. 
B)  character displacement. 
C)  diffuse coevolution. 
D)  aposematism. 
E)  mutualism. 
A)  Batesian mimicry. 
B)  character displacement. 
C)  diffuse coevolution. 
D)  aposematism. 
E)  mutualism.

Question 4

After the European rabbit was introduced into Australia in 1859, it quickly became a devastating invasive species, causing the extinction or decline of many native animals and plants, major damage to crops, and soil erosion. To control the exponential growth of the population (which had grown to an estimated 600 million individuals from an original 24), biologists infected rabbits with the myxoma virus in 1950. It is estimated that in the first years after introduction of the virus, as many as 99 percent of infected rabbits died. Over a period of years, however, biologists observed an increase both in the average life span of infected rabbits and in the percentage of rabbits surviving infection. How would you explain these changes?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection favored the survival o

Question 5

What can you conclude about diffuse coevolution by examining the data in Table 56.1?

Accepted Answer

A)  The evolution of similar traits has occurred in suites of species experiencing similar selection pressures. 
B)  The depth and width of a flower can restrict the size and shape of the pollinator mouthparts that can gain access to their nectar. 
C)  Most flowers can be successfully pollinated by a number of different animal species. 
D)  Plants not only need to attract pollinators, but must also ensure that those pollinators carry their pollen to other members of the same species. 
E)  Both a and c 
A)  The evolution of similar traits has occurred in suites of species experiencing similar selection pressures. 
B)  The depth and width of a flower can restrict the size and shape of the pollinator mouthparts that can gain access to their nectar. 
C)  Most flowers can be successfully pollinated by a number of different animal species. 
D)  Plants not only need to attract pollinators, but must also ensure that those pollinators carry their pollen to other members of the same species. 
E)  Both a and c

Question 6

Which of the following statements about plant-pollination systems is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pollinators usually eat all of a plant's pollen. 
B)  Successful pollination usually requires that the pollinator visit at least two members of the plant species. 
C)  Pollinators usually have evolved specialized anatomical features to carry pollen. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both b and c 
A)  Pollinators usually eat all of a plant's pollen. 
B)  Successful pollination usually requires that the pollinator visit at least two members of the plant species. 
C)  Pollinators usually have evolved specialized anatomical features to carry pollen. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both b and c

Question 7

Bats usually pollinate flowers that have a _______ odor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bats usually pollinate flowers that have a...

Question 8

Predation, herbivory, and parasitism are all examples of

Accepted Answer

A)  antagonistic interactions. 
B)  mutualistic interactions. 
C)  commensal interactions. 
D)  amensal interactions. 
E)  competitive interactions. 
A)  antagonistic interactions. 
B)  mutualistic interactions. 
C)  commensal interactions. 
D)  amensal interactions. 
E)  competitive interactions.

Question 9

What is the major difference between Batesian and Müllerian mimicry?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only Batesian mimicry involves reciprocal adaptations. 
B)  Only Müllerian mimicry involves reciprocal adaptations. 
C)  All of the species that exhibit Müllerian mimicry are toxic; in Batesian mimicry, one or more species are toxic and one or more species are nontoxic mimics. 
D)  All of the species that exhibit Batesian mimicry are toxic; in Müllerian mimicry, one or more species are toxic and one or more species are nontoxic mimics. 
E)  There is no difference between Müllerian and Batesian mimicry. 
A)  Only Batesian mimicry involves reciprocal adaptations. 
B)  Only Müllerian mimicry involves reciprocal adaptations. 
C)  All of the species that exhibit Müllerian mimicry are toxic; in Batesian mimicry, one or more species are toxic and one or more species are nontoxic mimics. 
D)  All of the species that exhibit Batesian mimicry are toxic; in Müllerian mimicry, one or more species are toxic and one or more species are nontoxic mimics. 
E)  There is no difference between Müllerian and Batesian mimicry.

Question 10

The suites of floral characteristics listed in the question above have evolved to attract various groups of pollinators through the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  specific coevolution. 
B)  interspecific competition. 
C)  resource partitioning. 
D)  character displacement. 
E)  diffuse coevolution. 
A)  specific coevolution. 
B)  interspecific competition. 
C)  resource partitioning. 
D)  character displacement. 
E)  diffuse coevolution.

Question 11

Interference competition has been demonstrated to occur between

Accepted Answer

A)  species of barnacles in the rocky intertidal zone. 
B)  species of ants in the deserts of North America. 
C)  species of soil bacteria that produce antibiotics. 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  species of barnacles in the rocky intertidal zone. 
B)  species of ants in the deserts of North America. 
C)  species of soil bacteria that produce antibiotics. 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Exam 56: Species Interaction and Coevolution

Damage caused to shrubs by branches falling from overhead trees is an example of

Which of the following statements about the relationship between plants and animals is correct?

The evolution of similar traits on the part of species that experience similar selective pressures is a phenomenon called

What can you conclude about diffuse coevolution by examining the data in Table 56.1?

Which of the following statements about plant-pollination systems is true?

Bats usually pollinate flowers that have a _______ odor.

Predation, herbivory, and parasitism are all examples of

What is the major difference between Batesian and Müllerian mimicry?

The suites of floral characteristics listed in the question above have evolved to attract various groups of pollinators through the process of

Interference competition has been demonstrated to occur between

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