Exam 56: Species Interaction and Coevolution

Certain birds follow swarms of foraging army ants and prey upon the insects that the ants flush out. The relationship between these birds and the ants is an example of

The opposite of crypsis is

Which of the following statements about herbivory is false?

Robert Denno's studies on sap-sucking planthoppers showed that these species engage in _______ as a response to competition.

Review the description of Connell's classic experiment on competition between Semibalanus and Chthamalus barnacle populations (see Figure 56.16). Do you think that the interaction between these species is an example of interference competition or exploitation competition? Why?

The type of mimicry in which a palatable species resembles a toxic species is called

Describe an experiment that would enable you to assess the degree of interspecific competition that exists between two rodent species living in the same habitat. How would you interpret the results?

The most likely pollinator of a plant species with orange, sweet-smelling flowers that provide both nectar and pollen would be

Hosts of pathogens can be classified as _______, infected, or recovered.

Two species of beetles are both herbivores on the same host plant, and the presence of either species reduces the population growth of the other. The relationship between the beetles is best described as

If the removal of a predator results in expansion of a spider's range, it is likely that the spider's _______ niche is larger than its _______ niche in the presence of predators.

What would be the best explanation for the observation that the range of a species of lacewings has expanded following the removal of a competitor?

The interaction between some plants and the ants that protect them is best described as

The sharp contrast of black and white on a skunk warns other animals to stay away, lest they face a noxious spray. This defense is an example of

Drosophila sechellia, which is native to the Seychelles Islands, feeds only from the Indian mulberry shrub. This species would therefore be called

Which of the following are most likely to be pathogens?

Which of the following types of interaction would be least likely to lead to coevolution of the interacting species?

Figure 56.14 details an experiment designed to understand the relationship between Acacia cornigera trees and Pseudomyrmex ants. What can you conclude from the data in the bar graphs?

Two species of woody shrubs are in close proximity and in competition for limited resources. One species produces chemicals through its roots that limit the growth of the other. The production of these chemicals is a form of

Use the following to answer questions : A hypothetical group of researchers is conducting a study to investigate whether character displacement is occurring in grasshopper species. This species has a range in which it shares some area with a competitor, while in other areas the competitor is missing. The diagram below shows the results for the three traits that were measured: tibia length, femur length, and mouthpart size. The measurements for the focal species in the absence of the competitor and the focal species in the presence of the competitor are designated A and A´, respectively. Panel B shows the measurements of the competitor. -Which traits show evidence of character displacement in species A?