Question 1

In addition to bacteria,_______ can also be used as vectors to insert foreign DNA into host cells and create recombinant genomes.

Accepted Answer

A) viruses 
B) plasmids 
C) RNA 
D) prions 
A) viruses 
B) plasmids 
C) RNA 
D) prions

Question 2

Which of the following two enzymes are needed to construct a cDNA library?

Accepted Answer

A) reverse transcriptase and DNA ligase 
B) reverse transcriptase and Taq polymerase 
C) DNA ligase and Taq polymerase 
D) Taq polymerase and RNA polymerase 
A) reverse transcriptase and DNA ligase 
B) reverse transcriptase and Taq polymerase 
C) DNA ligase and Taq polymerase 
D) Taq polymerase and RNA polymerase

Question 3

The development of PCR has revolutionized molecular biology and has led to numerous advances in basic research,as well as in medicine and forensic science.Which of the following areas does not rely on PCR?

Accepted Answer

A) diagnosis of genetic diseases 
B) detection of infectious disease 
C) generation of hybrid plants 
D) evolutionary biology 
A) diagnosis of genetic diseases 
B) detection of infectious disease 
C) generation of hybrid plants 
D) evolutionary biology

Question 4

Enzymes that cleave DNA at specific sites are called ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) vectors 
B) peptidases 
C) restriction endonucleases 
D) DNAses 
A) vectors 
B) peptidases 
C) restriction endonucleases 
D) DNAses

Question 5

An enzyme that has been isolated from retroviruses is

Accepted Answer

A) transverse ligase. 
B) reverse transcriptase. 
C) reverse endonuclease. 
D) recombinant RNAase. 
E) RNA polymerasE. 
A) transverse ligase. 
B) reverse transcriptase. 
C) reverse endonuclease. 
D) recombinant RNAase. 
E) RNA polymerasE.

Question 6

Ends of DNA fragments produced by asymmetric cleavage with restriction endonucleases;same ends are produced by the same enzyme irrespective of the source of the DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) sticky ends 
B) RFLP 
C) PCR 
D) plasmids 
E) transgenic organisms 
A) sticky ends 
B) RFLP 
C) PCR 
D) plasmids 
E) transgenic organisms

Question 7

Vectors are vehicles of transport for foreign DNA fragments into host cells,and are usually either a virus or a bacterial

Accepted Answer

A) plasmid. 
B) protist. 
C) yeast. 
D) plant cell. 
E) human cell. 
A) plasmid. 
B) protist. 
C) yeast. 
D) plant cell. 
E) human cell.

Question 8

DNA restriction enzymes are labeled I and II.Type I restriction enzymes

Accepted Answer

A) cut one strand at random points along the length of the DNA molecule. 
B) make simple cuts across both DNA strands. 
C) recognize palindromic sequences. 
D) cut at multiple cloning sites along the length of the DNA molecule. 
A) cut one strand at random points along the length of the DNA molecule. 
B) make simple cuts across both DNA strands. 
C) recognize palindromic sequences. 
D) cut at multiple cloning sites along the length of the DNA molecule.

Question 9

The development of a subunit vaccine for herpes and hepatitis B has potential in the future.The proposed subunit vaccine would

Accepted Answer

A) incorporate part of the mRNA of either the herpes or hepatitis B with the cowpox virus. 
B) incorporate part of the reverse transcriptases of either the herpes or hepatitis B with the cowpox virus. 
C) incorporate part of the DNA of either the herpes or hepatitis B with the cowpox virus. 
D) incorporate part of the protein-polysaccharide coat of either the herpes or hepatitis B with the cowpox virus. 
A) incorporate part of the mRNA of either the herpes or hepatitis B with the cowpox virus. 
B) incorporate part of the reverse transcriptases of either the herpes or hepatitis B with the cowpox virus. 
C) incorporate part of the DNA of either the herpes or hepatitis B with the cowpox virus. 
D) incorporate part of the protein-polysaccharide coat of either the herpes or hepatitis B with the cowpox virus.

Question 10

Two strands of DNA that have been cut by an endonuclease can be sealed together by a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) polymerase enzyme. 
B) ligase enzyme. 
C) exonuclease enzyme. 
D) protease enzyme. 
E) methylase enzymE. 
A) polymerase enzyme. 
B) ligase enzyme. 
C) exonuclease enzyme. 
D) protease enzyme. 
E) methylase enzymE.

Question 11

Gel ________ is a process that separates DNA or protein fragments according to their size,by causing them to migrate within a gel in response to an electric field.

Accepted Answer

A) duplication 
B) blotting 
C) electrophoresis 
D) migration 
A) duplication 
B) blotting 
C) electrophoresis 
D) migration

Question 12

_________ is a human protein synthesized in small amounts that can dissolve blood clots.

Accepted Answer

A) TPA 
B) fibrinogen 
C) DNA 
D) restriction endonuclease 
A) TPA 
B) fibrinogen 
C) DNA 
D) restriction endonuclease

Question 13

When compared with non-cancerous cells of the same tissue,cancer cells exhibit a number of changes in gene transcription.To identify genes that are differentially expressed in cancer cells versus non-cancer cells,one could perform

Accepted Answer

A) subtractive hybridization. 
B) a northern blot. 
C) RFLP analysis. 
D) PCR. 
A) subtractive hybridization. 
B) a northern blot. 
C) RFLP analysis. 
D) PCR.

Question 14

Single-stranded ends generated by the same restriction enzyme are complementary to each other.They can be joined together,

Accepted Answer

A) even when the source of the DNA is different. 
B) only when the source of the DNA is the same. 
C) but the "sticky ends" will most likely have to be modified. 
D) but the hybridization of the two ends may cause a problem with cloning. 
E) only if the subunits have been methylated. 
A) even when the source of the DNA is different. 
B) only when the source of the DNA is the same. 
C) but the "sticky ends" will most likely have to be modified. 
D) but the hybridization of the two ends may cause a problem with cloning. 
E) only if the subunits have been methylated.

Question 15

Golden rice was genetically engineered by Ingo Potrykus in Switerland by combining genes from other organisms into the genome of common white rice.Which organism from the list below was NOT used?

Accepted Answer

A) daffodil 
B) wild rice 
C) beans 
D) Agrobacterium 
E) Aspergillus 
A) daffodil 
B) wild rice 
C) beans 
D) Agrobacterium 
E) Aspergillus

Question 16

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)involves three steps.The correct order of those steps is

Accepted Answer

A) denaturation,annealing of primers,and then primer extension. 
B) annealing of primers,denaturation,and then primer extension. 
C) primer extension,annealing of primers,and then denaturation. 
A) denaturation,annealing of primers,and then primer extension. 
B) annealing of primers,denaturation,and then primer extension. 
C) primer extension,annealing of primers,and then denaturation.

Question 17

What of the following is a potential disadvantage of using transgenic plants for vaccine production?

Accepted Answer

A) large-scale production costs 
B) inability to introduce new or multiple transgenes by sexual crossing of plants 
C) inability to produce the antibodies in edible plants such as potatoes 
D) risk of contamination with herbicides and pesticides 
A) large-scale production costs 
B) inability to introduce new or multiple transgenes by sexual crossing of plants 
C) inability to produce the antibodies in edible plants such as potatoes 
D) risk of contamination with herbicides and pesticides

Question 18

Autonomous auxiliary DNA circles found in bacteria;easily enter the organism they are found in;used as a vehicle to transport desired foreign genes.

Accepted Answer

A) sticky ends 
B) RFLP 
C) PCR 
D) plasmids 
E) transgenic organisms 
A) sticky ends 
B) RFLP 
C) PCR 
D) plasmids 
E) transgenic organisms

Question 19

A search for sequences that are complementary to the desired sequence of a DNA fragment uses a technique called

Accepted Answer

A) plasmid insertion. 
B) vector extraction. 
C) cloning. 
D) electrophoresis. 
E) hybridization. 
A) plasmid insertion. 
B) vector extraction. 
C) cloning. 
D) electrophoresis. 
E) hybridization.

Question 20

DNA fragments complementary to the DNA being investigated are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) rDNA. 
B) cDNA. 
C) mDNA. 
D) tDNA. 
A) rDNA. 
B) cDNA. 
C) mDNA. 
D) tDNA.

Exam 17: Biotechnology

In addition to bacteria,_______ can also be used as vectors to insert foreign DNA into host cells and create recombinant genomes.

Which of the following two enzymes are needed to construct a cDNA library?

The development of PCR has revolutionized molecular biology and has led to numerous advances in basic research,as well as in medicine and forensic science.Which of the following areas does not rely on PCR?

Enzymes that cleave DNA at specific sites are called ______________.

An enzyme that has been isolated from retroviruses is

Ends of DNA fragments produced by asymmetric cleavage with restriction endonucleases;same ends are produced by the same enzyme irrespective of the source of the DNA.

Vectors are vehicles of transport for foreign DNA fragments into host cells,and are usually either a virus or a bacterial

DNA restriction enzymes are labeled I and II.Type I restriction enzymes

The development of a subunit vaccine for herpes and hepatitis B has potential in the future.The proposed subunit vaccine would

Two strands of DNA that have been cut by an endonuclease can be sealed together by a(n)

Gel ________ is a process that separates DNA or protein fragments according to their size,by causing them to migrate within a gel in response to an electric field.

_________ is a human protein synthesized in small amounts that can dissolve blood clots.

When compared with non-cancerous cells of the same tissue,cancer cells exhibit a number of changes in gene transcription.To identify genes that are differentially expressed in cancer cells versus non-cancer cells,one could perform

Single-stranded ends generated by the same restriction enzyme are complementary to each other.They can be joined together,

Golden rice was genetically engineered by Ingo Potrykus in Switerland by combining genes from other organisms into the genome of common white rice.Which organism from the list below was NOT used?

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)involves three steps.The correct order of those steps is

What of the following is a potential disadvantage of using transgenic plants for vaccine production?

Autonomous auxiliary DNA circles found in bacteria;easily enter the organism they are found in;used as a vehicle to transport desired foreign genes.

A search for sequences that are complementary to the desired sequence of a DNA fragment uses a technique called

DNA fragments complementary to the DNA being investigated are referred to as

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