Question 1

Which of these factors does not have a direct or indirect effect on how much the stomates are open?

Accepted Answer

A) temperature 
B) carbon dioxide 
C) relative humidity 
D) light 
E) chlorophyll 
A) temperature 
B) carbon dioxide 
C) relative humidity 
D) light 
E) chlorophyll E

Question 2

In Cell 1,

Accepted Answer

A) $\Psi$p = 0.0 MPa and $\Psi$w = 0.0 MPA. 
B) $\Psi$p = 0.0 MPa and $\Psi$w = -1.0 MPa. 
C) $\Psi$p = +0.5 MPa and $\Psi$w = -0.5 MPa. 
D) $\Psi$p = -0.5 MPa and $\Psi$w = -0.5 MPa. 
E) $\Psi$p = 0.0 MPa and $\Psi$w = +0.5 MPa. 
A) $\Psi$p = 0.0 MPa and $\Psi$w = 0.0 MPA. 
B) $\Psi$p = 0.0 MPa and $\Psi$w = -1.0 MPa. 
C) $\Psi$p = +0.5 MPa and $\Psi$w = -0.5 MPa. 
D) $\Psi$p = -0.5 MPa and $\Psi$w = -0.5 MPa. 
E) $\Psi$p = 0.0 MPa and $\Psi$w = +0.5 MPa. C

Question 3

A large watermelon fruit is very heavy and contains nearly 90% water.Since the skin of a watermelon is thick and contains no stomates,there is no way to evaporate water out of the watermelon to "pull" water into the watermelon by transpiration.So,how does all that water get into the fruit?

Accepted Answer

A) Root pressure pushes water into the watermelon. 
B) Water enters by osmosis. 
C) Water is pumped in by active transport. 
D) Water,main part of the sap,is transported in the phloem along with the sugars while they are being translocated into the fruit. 
E) Watermelons lying on the ground absorb water directly from the soil. 
A) Root pressure pushes water into the watermelon. 
B) Water enters by osmosis. 
C) Water is pumped in by active transport. 
D) Water,main part of the sap,is transported in the phloem along with the sugars while they are being translocated into the fruit. 
E) Watermelons lying on the ground absorb water directly from the soil. D

Question 4

Some plants can tolerate flooding conditions by

Accepted Answer

A) formation of aerenchymA. 
B) opening their lenticels. 
C) forming additional adventitious roots. 
D) shedding their bark. 
E) pumping water out of their roots. 
A) formation of aerenchymA. 
B) opening their lenticels. 
C) forming additional adventitious roots. 
D) shedding their bark. 
E) pumping water out of their roots.

Question 5

Which of these is not a reason that aphids feed on phloem?

Accepted Answer

A) Phloem is under positive pressure,so when the aphid pierces a phloem tube,sap is pushed into its mouth. 
B) Xylem is under negative pressure,so it would be very difficult to suck the fluids. 
C) Phloem contains high concentrations of sugars,as well as some minerals and other nutrients. 
D) Xylem contains mostly water and fewer nutrients. 
E) In soft herbaceous plants,phloem is more accessible than xylem. 
A) Phloem is under positive pressure,so when the aphid pierces a phloem tube,sap is pushed into its mouth. 
B) Xylem is under negative pressure,so it would be very difficult to suck the fluids. 
C) Phloem contains high concentrations of sugars,as well as some minerals and other nutrients. 
D) Xylem contains mostly water and fewer nutrients. 
E) In soft herbaceous plants,phloem is more accessible than xylem.

Question 6

Mangrove plants live in areas regularly flooded with salt water.Which of these is not a possible mechanism for controlling their salt balance?

Accepted Answer

A) The roots block salt uptake. 
B) The succulent leaves contain large quantities of water that dilute salt that is absorbed. 
C) Absorbed salt is secreted from special salt glands. 
D) Modified roots emerge above the water level and help oxygen diffuse into the roots. 
E) Excess salt is stored in special tissues. 
A) The roots block salt uptake. 
B) The succulent leaves contain large quantities of water that dilute salt that is absorbed. 
C) Absorbed salt is secreted from special salt glands. 
D) Modified roots emerge above the water level and help oxygen diffuse into the roots. 
E) Excess salt is stored in special tissues.

Question 7

Stomatal opening requires each of the following conditions except

Accepted Answer

A) expenditure of energy. 
B) a reduction of turgor in the guard cells. 
C) water entering the guard cells by osmosis. 
D) a lower water potential in the guard cells. 
E) pumping of potassium ions into the guard cells. 
A) expenditure of energy. 
B) a reduction of turgor in the guard cells. 
C) water entering the guard cells by osmosis. 
D) a lower water potential in the guard cells. 
E) pumping of potassium ions into the guard cells.

Question 8

Most carbohydrates manufactured in leaves and other photosynthetic parts are transported through the phloem to the rest of the plant by the process of

Accepted Answer

A) transpiration. 
B) translocation. 
C) osmosis. 
D) receptor-mediated transport. 
E) turgor pressurE. 
A) transpiration. 
B) translocation. 
C) osmosis. 
D) receptor-mediated transport. 
E) turgor pressurE.

Question 9

Which of the following hormones increases when plants are flooded?

Accepted Answer

A) gibberellin 
B) auxin 
C) ethylene 
D) cytokinin 
E) abscissic acid 
A) gibberellin 
B) auxin 
C) ethylene 
D) cytokinin 
E) abscissic acid

Question 10

In Cell 3,

Accepted Answer

A) $\Psi$p = 0.0 MPa and $\Psi$w = -0.5 MPA. 
B) $\Psi$p = 0.0 MPa and $\Psi$w = 0.0 MPa. 
C) $\Psi$p = +0.5 MPa and $\Psi$w = -0.5 MPa. 
D) $\Psi$p = -0.5 MPa and $\Psi$w = -0.5 MPa. 
E) $\Psi$p = 0.0 MPa and $\Psi$w = +0.5 MPa. 
A) $\Psi$p = 0.0 MPa and $\Psi$w = -0.5 MPA. 
B) $\Psi$p = 0.0 MPa and $\Psi$w = 0.0 MPa. 
C) $\Psi$p = +0.5 MPa and $\Psi$w = -0.5 MPa. 
D) $\Psi$p = -0.5 MPa and $\Psi$w = -0.5 MPa. 
E) $\Psi$p = 0.0 MPa and $\Psi$w = +0.5 MPa.

Question 11

Halophytes are plants that live in saline soils.The high osmotic potential of the salt solution in the soil creates a very negative water potential.What can halophytes do so that water will flow into the roots?

Accepted Answer

A) They can close their stomates so that less water uptake is needed. 
B) They can open their stomates so that transpiration can "pull" more strongly to get the water into the roots. 
C) They can increase the solute concentrations in their roots more than the solute concentration of the soil. 
D) They can pump ions out of their roots. 
E) They form symbiotic relationships with mycorrhizal fungi. 
A) They can close their stomates so that less water uptake is needed. 
B) They can open their stomates so that transpiration can "pull" more strongly to get the water into the roots. 
C) They can increase the solute concentrations in their roots more than the solute concentration of the soil. 
D) They can pump ions out of their roots. 
E) They form symbiotic relationships with mycorrhizal fungi.

Question 12

Mycorrhizal fungi interact with plants at the

Accepted Answer

A) stomates. 
B) seed coat. 
C) roots. 
D) edge of ponds. 
E) cuticlE. 
A) stomates. 
B) seed coat. 
C) roots. 
D) edge of ponds. 
E) cuticlE.

Question 13

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
-Pore in leaf that regulates gas exchange.

Accepted Answer

A) abscisic acid 
B) trichomes 
C) aquaporin 
D) endodermis 
E) stomate 
A) abscisic acid 
B) trichomes 
C) aquaporin 
D) endodermis 
E) stomate

Question 14

When maple trees are tapped in the spring there are no leaves to promote transpiration.What process and pressure still allows the upward movement of sap so maple syrup can be collected.

Accepted Answer

A) transpiration in the xylem. 
B) water potential gradients. 
C) translocation in the phloem. 
D) osmosis and root pressure. 
E) low water potential. 
A) transpiration in the xylem. 
B) water potential gradients. 
C) translocation in the phloem. 
D) osmosis and root pressure. 
E) low water potential.

Question 15

The movement of oxygen through the aquatic plant may depend on

Accepted Answer

A) osmotic absorption by the roots. 
B) aquaporins. 
C) negative pressures created by transpiration. 
D) differences in the water potential of different tissues. 
E) aerenchyma tissuE. 
A) osmotic absorption by the roots. 
B) aquaporins. 
C) negative pressures created by transpiration. 
D) differences in the water potential of different tissues. 
E) aerenchyma tissuE.

Question 16

Mechanisms that evolved in plants to regulate the rate of water loss do not include

Accepted Answer

A) becoming dormant during dry times of the year. 
B) losing leaves. 
C) producing leaves that are thick and hard. 
D) containing stomata in crypts or pits. 
E) increasing the number of water vacuoles in the cells. 
A) becoming dormant during dry times of the year. 
B) losing leaves. 
C) producing leaves that are thick and hard. 
D) containing stomata in crypts or pits. 
E) increasing the number of water vacuoles in the cells.

Question 17

Which of the following statements does not apply to aquaporins?

Accepted Answer

A) They are water transport channels. 
B) They are unique to plant cells. 
C) They occur in the plasma membrane. 
D) They speed up osmosis. 
E) They do not alter the direction of water movement. 
A) They are water transport channels. 
B) They are unique to plant cells. 
C) They occur in the plasma membrane. 
D) They speed up osmosis. 
E) They do not alter the direction of water movement.

Question 18

The process of moving water through a plant by transpiration works because water molecules stick to each other with

Accepted Answer

A) turgor pressure. 
B) osmosis. 
C) ionic bonds. 
D) adhesion. 
E) hydrogen bonds. 
A) turgor pressure. 
B) osmosis. 
C) ionic bonds. 
D) adhesion. 
E) hydrogen bonds.

Question 19

Water moves through a plant by each of the following methods except

Accepted Answer

A) from cell to cell through plasmodesmatA. 
B) through the Casparian strip. 
C) through the spaces between cell protoplasts. 
D) through vessel members. 
E) from cell to cell across plasma membranes. 
A) from cell to cell through plasmodesmatA. 
B) through the Casparian strip. 
C) through the spaces between cell protoplasts. 
D) through vessel members. 
E) from cell to cell across plasma membranes.

Question 20

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
-Triggers K+ to pass rapidly out of guard cells.

Accepted Answer

A) abscisic acid 
B) trichomes 
C) aquaporin 
D) endodermis 
E) stomate 
A) abscisic acid 
B) trichomes 
C) aquaporin 
D) endodermis 
E) stomate

Exam 38: Transport in Plants

Which of these factors does not have a direct or indirect effect on how much the stomates are open?

In Cell 1,

A large watermelon fruit is very heavy and contains nearly 90% water.Since the skin of a watermelon is thick and contains no stomates,there is no way to evaporate water out of the watermelon to "pull" water into the watermelon by transpiration.So,how does all that water get into the fruit?

Some plants can tolerate flooding conditions by

Which of these is not a reason that aphids feed on phloem?

Mangrove plants live in areas regularly flooded with salt water.Which of these is not a possible mechanism for controlling their salt balance?

Stomatal opening requires each of the following conditions except

Most carbohydrates manufactured in leaves and other photosynthetic parts are transported through the phloem to the rest of the plant by the process of

Which of the following hormones increases when plants are flooded?

In Cell 3,

Halophytes are plants that live in saline soils.The high osmotic potential of the salt solution in the soil creates a very negative water potential.What can halophytes do so that water will flow into the roots?

Mycorrhizal fungi interact with plants at the

Choose the letter of the best match from the following: -Pore in leaf that regulates gas exchange.

When maple trees are tapped in the spring there are no leaves to promote transpiration.What process and pressure still allows the upward movement of sap so maple syrup can be collected.

The movement of oxygen through the aquatic plant may depend on

Mechanisms that evolved in plants to regulate the rate of water loss do not include

Which of the following statements does not apply to aquaporins?

The process of moving water through a plant by transpiration works because water molecules stick to each other with

Water moves through a plant by each of the following methods except

Choose the letter of the best match from the following: -Triggers K+ to pass rapidly out of guard cells.

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes Mapping and the Meiosis - Inheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics and the Phylogenetic Revolution

Genome Evolution

Evolution of Development

The Tree of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

Protists

Overview of Green Plants

Fungi

Overview of Animal Diversity

Noncoelomate Invertebrates

Coelomate Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Form

Vegetative Plant Development

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

Plant Reproduction

The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Digestive System

The Respiratory System

The Circulatory System

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

The Reproductive System

Animal Development

Behavioral Biology

Population Ecology

Community of Ecology

Dynamics of Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Conservation Biology

Choose the letter of the best match from the following: -Triggers K⁺ to pass rapidly out of guard cells.