Question 1

Changes in the arterial blood pressure are detected by __________ located in the walls of the carotid artery and the arch of the aorta.

Accepted Answer

A) baroreceptors 
B) pacemakers 
C) lymphatic receptors 
D) SA node receptors 
E) blood volume receptors 
A) baroreceptors 
B) pacemakers 
C) lymphatic receptors 
D) SA node receptors 
E) blood volume receptors A

Question 2

The depolarization of the heart is triggered by the

Accepted Answer

A) pacemaker node. 
B) sinoatrial node. 
C) atrioventricular node. 
D) Purkinje node. 
E) bundle of HIS. 
A) pacemaker node. 
B) sinoatrial node. 
C) atrioventricular node. 
D) Purkinje node. 
E) bundle of HIS. B

Question 3

About _______ of the cells in human blood are white blood cells called leucocytes.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.1% 
B) 1% 
C) 10% 
D) 60% 
A) 0.1% 
B) 1% 
C) 10% 
D) 60% B

Question 4

The loudest sound you hear through a stethoscope while listening to your heart is

Accepted Answer

A) the contraction of the ventricles. 
B) the relaxation of the ventricles. 
C) the AV valves closing. 
D) the semilunar valves closing. 
E) the depolarization of the ventricles. 
A) the contraction of the ventricles. 
B) the relaxation of the ventricles. 
C) the AV valves closing. 
D) the semilunar valves closing. 
E) the depolarization of the ventricles.

Question 5

Fish hearts have "four" chambers.The greatest advantage of the fish's heart is

Accepted Answer

A) its ability to pump blood to all areas of the fish's body. 
B) its ability to pump blood to the gills before the blood is pumped to the remaining areas of the body. 
C) its ability to stay full of blood even as it is emptying into the conus arteriosus. 
D) its ability to function inside of a fish that lives under the water,especially at great depths. 
E) its ability to maintain a constant blood pressure in the fish. 
A) its ability to pump blood to all areas of the fish's body. 
B) its ability to pump blood to the gills before the blood is pumped to the remaining areas of the body. 
C) its ability to stay full of blood even as it is emptying into the conus arteriosus. 
D) its ability to function inside of a fish that lives under the water,especially at great depths. 
E) its ability to maintain a constant blood pressure in the fish.

Question 6

Which of the following substances does not regulate blood volume?

Accepted Answer

A) antidiuretic hormone 
B) aldosterone 
C) atrial natriuretic hormone 
D) hemoglobin 
E) nitric oxide 
A) antidiuretic hormone 
B) aldosterone 
C) atrial natriuretic hormone 
D) hemoglobin 
E) nitric oxide

Question 7

Choose the letter of the best match of the formed elements with the following precursors.
-Monocyte

Accepted Answer

A) lymphoid stem cell 
B) megakaryocyte 
C) monoblast 
D) reticulocyte 
E) myeloblast 
A) lymphoid stem cell 
B) megakaryocyte 
C) monoblast 
D) reticulocyte 
E) myeloblast

Question 8

The reptile heart is distinguished from the amphibian heart by the presence of

Accepted Answer

A) two separate atriA. 
B) systemic and pulmonary circulation. 
C) cutaneous respiration. 
D) a partially divided ventricle. 
E) two separate ventricles. 
A) two separate atriA. 
B) systemic and pulmonary circulation. 
C) cutaneous respiration. 
D) a partially divided ventricle. 
E) two separate ventricles.

Question 9

Under normal conditions,the amount of fluid filtered out of the capillaries is greater than the amount that returns to the capillaries by osmosis.The remainder eventually is captured by an open circulatory system called the _________ system.

Accepted Answer

A) cardiovascular 
B) plasmic 
C) lymphatic 
D) limbic 
A) cardiovascular 
B) plasmic 
C) lymphatic 
D) limbic

Question 10

Arterioles,arteries,veins,and venules all have the same basic four-layer structure containing all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) endothelium. 
B) elastic fibers. 
C) smooth muscle layer. 
D) pleural membrane. 
E) connective tissue layer. 
A) endothelium. 
B) elastic fibers. 
C) smooth muscle layer. 
D) pleural membrane. 
E) connective tissue layer.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about red blood cells is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) Red blood cells are also called leukocytes. 
B) Red blood cells are shaped liked biconcave discs. 
C) Red blood cells contain hemoglobin. 
D) Red blood cells develop from stem cells. 
E) Aged red blood cells are removed from the blood by the liver and spleen. 
A) Red blood cells are also called leukocytes. 
B) Red blood cells are shaped liked biconcave discs. 
C) Red blood cells contain hemoglobin. 
D) Red blood cells develop from stem cells. 
E) Aged red blood cells are removed from the blood by the liver and spleen.

Question 12

Stimulating the vagus nerve would cause

Accepted Answer

A) blood pressure to rise. 
B) heart rate to increase. 
C) heart rate to decrease. 
D) no change in any cardiovascular parameters. 
E) a release in epinephrinE. 
A) blood pressure to rise. 
B) heart rate to increase. 
C) heart rate to decrease. 
D) no change in any cardiovascular parameters. 
E) a release in epinephrinE.

Question 13

The average cardiac output in a resting person is

Accepted Answer

A) 1 liter per minute. 
B) 50 liters per minute. 
C) 25 liters per minute. 
D) 100 liters per minute. 
E) 5 liters per minutE. 
A) 1 liter per minute. 
B) 50 liters per minute. 
C) 25 liters per minute. 
D) 100 liters per minute. 
E) 5 liters per minutE.

Question 14

A two-cycle heart of a bird or a mammal is more efficient than the amphibian heart in all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) it can pump twice as much blood. 
B) it creates a true double circulatory system. 
C) it separates oxygenated and nonoxygenated blood. 
D) it increases the speed of the blood through the lungs. 
E) it exchanges gases by mixing aerated and nonaerated blood. 
A) it can pump twice as much blood. 
B) it creates a true double circulatory system. 
C) it separates oxygenated and nonoxygenated blood. 
D) it increases the speed of the blood through the lungs. 
E) it exchanges gases by mixing aerated and nonaerated blood.

Question 15

The mammalian pacemaker of the heart is the

Accepted Answer

A) bundle of HIS. 
B) AV node. 
C) SA node. 
D) Purkinje fibers. 
E) tricuspid valvE. 
A) bundle of HIS. 
B) AV node. 
C) SA node. 
D) Purkinje fibers. 
E) tricuspid valvE.

Question 16

A friend asks you to explain the difference between atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis.You say,"Well

Accepted Answer

A) atherosclerosis is a condition that results from too much calcium being deposited in the arteries,while arteriosclerosis results from the accumulation of cholesterol deposits in the arteries." 
B) atherosclerosis is a condition that results from having angina pectoris occurring in the arteries of the heart,while arteriosclerosis results from the accumulation of cholesterol deposits in the arteries." 
C) atherosclerosis is a condition that results from too much calcium being deposited in the arteries,while arteriosclerosis results from having angina pectoris occurring in the arteries of the heart." 
D) atherosclerosis is a condition that results from the accumulation of cholesterol deposits in the arteries,while arteriosclerosis results from too much calcium being deposited in the arteries." 
E) atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis are nearly the same and usually occur after a strokE." 
A) atherosclerosis is a condition that results from too much calcium being deposited in the arteries,while arteriosclerosis results from the accumulation of cholesterol deposits in the arteries." 
B) atherosclerosis is a condition that results from having angina pectoris occurring in the arteries of the heart,while arteriosclerosis results from the accumulation of cholesterol deposits in the arteries." 
C) atherosclerosis is a condition that results from too much calcium being deposited in the arteries,while arteriosclerosis results from having angina pectoris occurring in the arteries of the heart." 
D) atherosclerosis is a condition that results from the accumulation of cholesterol deposits in the arteries,while arteriosclerosis results from too much calcium being deposited in the arteries." 
E) atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis are nearly the same and usually occur after a strokE."

Question 17

Edema is a result of increased interstitial fluid in various tissues of the body.All of the following are causes of edema except

Accepted Answer

A) pregnancy. 
B) liver disease. 
C) injury to a limb. 
D) protein malnutrition. 
E) countercurrent circulation. 
A) pregnancy. 
B) liver disease. 
C) injury to a limb. 
D) protein malnutrition. 
E) countercurrent circulation.

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a closed system. 
B) It collects fluid that seeps into the tissues. 
C) It is bi-directional. 
D) It exhibits peristaltic contractions. 
E) It carries all metabolites from the small intestine to the liver. 
A) It is a closed system. 
B) It collects fluid that seeps into the tissues. 
C) It is bi-directional. 
D) It exhibits peristaltic contractions. 
E) It carries all metabolites from the small intestine to the liver.

Question 19

When lungs evolved in vertebrates,an event also occurred in the circulation of blood within those vertebrates.The event was

Accepted Answer

A) the evolution of double circulation. 
B) the evolution of red blood cells which could carry more oxygen. 
C) the evolution of a lymphatic system to work in coordination with the circulation system. 
D) the evolution of muscles that could coordinate a pumping action. 
E) the evolution of a more fluid blood,that is a blood with more plasma. 
A) the evolution of double circulation. 
B) the evolution of red blood cells which could carry more oxygen. 
C) the evolution of a lymphatic system to work in coordination with the circulation system. 
D) the evolution of muscles that could coordinate a pumping action. 
E) the evolution of a more fluid blood,that is a blood with more plasma.

Question 20

In birds and mammals,a vestige of the sinus venosus of the fish heart remains as the sinoatrial valve,which serves as a

Accepted Answer

A) systole detector. 
B) baroreceptor. 
C) cardiac backup area. 
D) SA node. 
E) pacemaker. 
A) systole detector. 
B) baroreceptor. 
C) cardiac backup area. 
D) SA node. 
E) pacemaker.

Exam 50: The Circulatory System

Changes in the arterial blood pressure are detected by __________ located in the walls of the carotid artery and the arch of the aorta.

The depolarization of the heart is triggered by the

About _______ of the cells in human blood are white blood cells called leucocytes.

The loudest sound you hear through a stethoscope while listening to your heart is

Fish hearts have "four" chambers.The greatest advantage of the fish's heart is

Which of the following substances does not regulate blood volume?

Choose the letter of the best match of the formed elements with the following precursors. -Monocyte

The reptile heart is distinguished from the amphibian heart by the presence of

Under normal conditions,the amount of fluid filtered out of the capillaries is greater than the amount that returns to the capillaries by osmosis.The remainder eventually is captured by an open circulatory system called the _________ system.

Arterioles,arteries,veins,and venules all have the same basic four-layer structure containing all of the following except

Which of the following statements about red blood cells is incorrect?

Stimulating the vagus nerve would cause

The average cardiac output in a resting person is

A two-cycle heart of a bird or a mammal is more efficient than the amphibian heart in all of the following except

The mammalian pacemaker of the heart is the

A friend asks you to explain the difference between atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis.You say,"Well

Edema is a result of increased interstitial fluid in various tissues of the body.All of the following are causes of edema except

Which of the following is true about the lymphatic system?

When lungs evolved in vertebrates,an event also occurred in the circulation of blood within those vertebrates.The event was

In birds and mammals,a vestige of the sinus venosus of the fish heart remains as the sinoatrial valve,which serves as a

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes Mapping and the Meiosis - Inheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics and the Phylogenetic Revolution

Genome Evolution

Evolution of Development

The Tree of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

Protists

Overview of Green Plants

Fungi

Overview of Animal Diversity

Noncoelomate Invertebrates

Coelomate Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Form

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Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

Plant Reproduction

The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Digestive System

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Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

The Reproductive System

Animal Development

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Dynamics of Ecosystems

The Biosphere

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