Question 1

On the outer surface of the plasma membrane there are marker molecules that identify the cell-type.Often these molecules are

Accepted Answer

A) ATP. 
B) amino acids. 
C) nucleotides. 
D) carbohydrate chains. 
E) inorganic ions. 
A) ATP. 
B) amino acids. 
C) nucleotides. 
D) carbohydrate chains. 
E) inorganic ions. D

Question 2

The accumulation of amino acids and sugars in animal cells occurs through

Accepted Answer

A) ATP pumps. 
B) sodium-potassium pumps. 
C) glucose pumps. 
D) coupled transport. 
E) proton pumps. 
A) ATP pumps. 
B) sodium-potassium pumps. 
C) glucose pumps. 
D) coupled transport. 
E) proton pumps. D

Question 3

Protein X contains four transmembrane domains,a short N-terminus and a long C-terminus.Following protein synthesis,the N-terminus of the protein faces the lumen (the inside)of the ER.After protein X is transported to the cell surface via exocytosis,you would expect the C-terminus of the protein X to be

Accepted Answer

A) extracellular. 
B) cytoplasmic. 
C) in the lumen. 
D) in the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane. 
A) extracellular. 
B) cytoplasmic. 
C) in the lumen. 
D) in the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane. A

Question 4

Cyclodextrins can be used to remove cholesterol from a membrane.Which of the following is the most likely effect of cyclodextrin treatment?

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in transmembrane proteins 
B) a disruption of the bilayer 
C) an increase in membrane fluidity 
D) a disruption of lipid rafts 
A) an increase in transmembrane proteins 
B) a disruption of the bilayer 
C) an increase in membrane fluidity 
D) a disruption of lipid rafts

Question 5

As a scientist you perform an experiment in which you create an artificial cell with a selectively permeable membrane through which only water can pass.You put a 5M solution of glucose into the cell and you place that into a beaker of 10M glucose.What observations do you expect to see?

Accepted Answer

A) Water moves out of the cell. 
B) Glucose moves out of the cell. 
C) No net change in cell weight. 
D) Water moves into the cell. 
E) Glucose moves into the cell. 
A) Water moves out of the cell. 
B) Glucose moves out of the cell. 
C) No net change in cell weight. 
D) Water moves into the cell. 
E) Glucose moves into the cell.

Question 6

One day during the summer you and some friends made ice cream using an electric ice cream maker.A few days later you noticed a yellow circle of dead grass where the ice cream freezer had been placed.What happened?

Accepted Answer

A) The ice and salt mixture that spilled out when the freezer was moved froze the grass. 
B) The grass was frost bitten by the ice and salt mixture that spilled out when the freezer was moved. 
C) The ice and salt mixture was isosmotic to the grass cells and caused the yellow circle of dead grass. 
D) The ice and salt mixture was hyperosmotic to the grass cells and caused the yellow circle of dead grass. 
E) The ice and salt mixture was hypoosmotic to the grass cells and caused the yellow circle of dead grass. 
A) The ice and salt mixture that spilled out when the freezer was moved froze the grass. 
B) The grass was frost bitten by the ice and salt mixture that spilled out when the freezer was moved. 
C) The ice and salt mixture was isosmotic to the grass cells and caused the yellow circle of dead grass. 
D) The ice and salt mixture was hyperosmotic to the grass cells and caused the yellow circle of dead grass. 
E) The ice and salt mixture was hypoosmotic to the grass cells and caused the yellow circle of dead grass.

Question 7

In a single sodium-potassium pump cycle,ATP is used up with the result that

Accepted Answer

A) 3 sodium ions leave and 2 potassium ions enter. 
B) 1 sodium ion enters and 1 potassium ion leaves. 
C) 1 sodium ion leaves and 1 potassium ion enters. 
D) 3 sodium ions enter and 2 potassium ions leave. 
E) sodium and potassium ions enter and water leaves. 
A) 3 sodium ions leave and 2 potassium ions enter. 
B) 1 sodium ion enters and 1 potassium ion leaves. 
C) 1 sodium ion leaves and 1 potassium ion enters. 
D) 3 sodium ions enter and 2 potassium ions leave. 
E) sodium and potassium ions enter and water leaves.

Question 8

During neuronal signaling,a change in membrane potential will cause sodium channels to open and let Na+ ions diffuse down their concentration gradient into the cell.Which of the following helps establish the concentration gradient necessary for this process to occur?

Accepted Answer

A) Na+/K+ channel 
B) voltage-gated Na+ channel 
C) Na+ symporter 
D) Na+/K+ pump 
A) Na+/K+ channel 
B) voltage-gated Na+ channel 
C) Na+ symporter 
D) Na+/K+ pump

Question 9

Both active transport and facilitated transport utilize specific ______________ proteins embedded in the cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) carrier 
B) cytoskeletal 
C) structural 
D) targeted 
A) carrier 
B) cytoskeletal 
C) structural 
D) targeted

Question 10

GABAA receptors play an essential role in neurotransmission in the central nervous system.In response to the appropriate signal,these receptors open up and allow Cl- to flow into the cell.Given this information,GABAA receptors can be classified as a

Accepted Answer

A) gated ion channel. 
B) gated carrier protein. 
C) symporter. 
D) Cl- pump. 
A) gated ion channel. 
B) gated carrier protein. 
C) symporter. 
D) Cl- pump.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about receptor-mediated endocytosis is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a dynamic process. 
B) Receptor-mediated endocytosis indirectly helps to increase membrane fluidity by helping to transport cholesterol into the cell. 
C) Receptor-mediated endocytosis requires a clathrin coat. 
D) Receptor-mediated endocytosis is used to internalize molecules into the cytoplasm of the cell. 
A) Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a dynamic process. 
B) Receptor-mediated endocytosis indirectly helps to increase membrane fluidity by helping to transport cholesterol into the cell. 
C) Receptor-mediated endocytosis requires a clathrin coat. 
D) Receptor-mediated endocytosis is used to internalize molecules into the cytoplasm of the cell.

Question 12

Osmosis can only occur if water travels through the

Accepted Answer

A) cell wall. 
B) semi-permeable membrane. 
C) vacuole. 
D) ER. 
E) cytoskeleton. 
A) cell wall. 
B) semi-permeable membrane. 
C) vacuole. 
D) ER. 
E) cytoskeleton.

Question 13

Which of the following mutations would be most likely to interfere with the proper insertion of a protein in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) a polar amino acid to a non-polar amino acid within a transmembrane domain 
B) a non-polar amino acid to a polar amino acid within a transmembrane domain 
C) a polar amino acid to a non-polar amino acid within a cytoplasmic domain 
D) a non-polar amino acid to a polar amino acid within a cytoplasmic domain 
A) a polar amino acid to a non-polar amino acid within a transmembrane domain 
B) a non-polar amino acid to a polar amino acid within a transmembrane domain 
C) a polar amino acid to a non-polar amino acid within a cytoplasmic domain 
D) a non-polar amino acid to a polar amino acid within a cytoplasmic domain

Question 14

________ is the net movement of substances to regions of lower concentration.

Accepted Answer

A) Osmosis 
B) Active transport 
C) Facilitation 
D) Diffusion 
A) Osmosis 
B) Active transport 
C) Facilitation 
D) Diffusion

Question 15

The movement of substances to regions of lower concentration is called

Accepted Answer

A) active transport. 
B) diffusion. 
C) osmosis. 
D) pumping. 
E) exocytosis. 
A) active transport. 
B) diffusion. 
C) osmosis. 
D) pumping. 
E) exocytosis.

Question 16

The fluid nature of the membranes is attributed to a lateral movement of

Accepted Answer

A) protein channels. 
B) phospholipid molecules. 
C) antigen molecules. 
D) pumps such as the proton pump. 
E) the entire lipid bilayer. 
A) protein channels. 
B) phospholipid molecules. 
C) antigen molecules. 
D) pumps such as the proton pump. 
E) the entire lipid bilayer.

Question 17

Carrier-mediated transport is also called

Accepted Answer

A) facilitated diffusion. 
B) active transport. 
C) exocytosis. 
D) endocytosis. 
E) phagocytosis. 
A) facilitated diffusion. 
B) active transport. 
C) exocytosis. 
D) endocytosis. 
E) phagocytosis.

Question 18

A type of transport of a solute across a membrane,up its concentration gradient,using protein carriers driven by the expenditure of chemical energy is known as

Accepted Answer

A) osmosis. 
B) diffusion. 
C) facilitated transport. 
D) active transport. 
E) exocytosis. 
A) osmosis. 
B) diffusion. 
C) facilitated transport. 
D) active transport. 
E) exocytosis.

Question 19

Osmosis occurs as water can cross the lipid bilayer through __________________,specialized channels for water movement.

Accepted Answer

A) proteins 
B) carbohydrates 
C) membrane pores 
D) aquaporins 
A) proteins 
B) carbohydrates 
C) membrane pores 
D) aquaporins

Question 20

The cell's transactions with the environment mediated by its plasma membrane include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) ingesting food as molecules and sometimes as entire cells. 
B) returning waste and other molecules back to the environment. 
C) responding to a host of chemical cues. 
D) directing the synthesis of various food-digesting proteins. 
E) passing of messages to other cells. 
A) ingesting food as molecules and sometimes as entire cells. 
B) returning waste and other molecules back to the environment. 
C) responding to a host of chemical cues. 
D) directing the synthesis of various food-digesting proteins. 
E) passing of messages to other cells.

Exam 5: Membranes

On the outer surface of the plasma membrane there are marker molecules that identify the cell-type.Often these molecules are

The accumulation of amino acids and sugars in animal cells occurs through

Cyclodextrins can be used to remove cholesterol from a membrane.Which of the following is the most likely effect of cyclodextrin treatment?

As a scientist you perform an experiment in which you create an artificial cell with a selectively permeable membrane through which only water can pass.You put a 5M solution of glucose into the cell and you place that into a beaker of 10M glucose.What observations do you expect to see?

One day during the summer you and some friends made ice cream using an electric ice cream maker.A few days later you noticed a yellow circle of dead grass where the ice cream freezer had been placed.What happened?

In a single sodium-potassium pump cycle,ATP is used up with the result that

During neuronal signaling,a change in membrane potential will cause sodium channels to open and let Na+ ions diffuse down their concentration gradient into the cell.Which of the following helps establish the concentration gradient necessary for this process to occur?

Both active transport and facilitated transport utilize specific ______________ proteins embedded in the cell membrane.

GABAA receptors play an essential role in neurotransmission in the central nervous system.In response to the appropriate signal,these receptors open up and allow Cl- to flow into the cell.Given this information,GABAA receptors can be classified as a

Which of the following statements about receptor-mediated endocytosis is false?

Osmosis can only occur if water travels through the

Which of the following mutations would be most likely to interfere with the proper insertion of a protein in the plasma membrane?

________ is the net movement of substances to regions of lower concentration.

The movement of substances to regions of lower concentration is called

The fluid nature of the membranes is attributed to a lateral movement of

Carrier-mediated transport is also called

A type of transport of a solute across a membrane,up its concentration gradient,using protein carriers driven by the expenditure of chemical energy is known as

Osmosis occurs as water can cross the lipid bilayer through __________________,specialized channels for water movement.

The cell's transactions with the environment mediated by its plasma membrane include all of the following except

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During neuronal signaling,a change in membrane potential will cause sodium channels to open and let Na⁺ ions diffuse down their concentration gradient into the cell.Which of the following helps establish the concentration gradient necessary for this process to occur?

GABA_A receptors play an essential role in neurotransmission in the central nervous system.In response to the appropriate signal,these receptors open up and allow Cl^- to flow into the cell.Given this information,GABA_A receptors can be classified as a