Question 1

Select the correct sequence of vertebrate development beginning with fertilization.

Accepted Answer

A) fertilization $\rarr$ cleavage $\rarr$ gastrulation $\rarr$ neurulation $\rarr$ organogenesis$\rarr$neural crest formation 
B) fertilization $\rarr$gastrulation $\rarr$ cleavage $\rarr$ neurulation $\rarr$ neural crest formation $\rarr$ organogenesis 
C) fertilization $\rarr$ neurulation $\rarr$ gastrulation$\rarr$ organogenesis $\rarr$ neural crest formation $\rarr$cleavage 
D) fertilization $\rarr$ gastrulation $\rarr$ neurulation $\rarr$ neural crest formation $\rarr$cleavage $\rarr$ organogenesis 
E) fertilization $\rarr$ cleavage $\rarr$ gastrulation $\rarr$ neurulation $\rarr$ neural crest formation $\rarr$ organogenesis 
A) fertilization $\rarr$ cleavage $\rarr$ gastrulation $\rarr$ neurulation $\rarr$ organogenesis$\rarr$neural crest formation 
B) fertilization $\rarr$gastrulation $\rarr$ cleavage $\rarr$ neurulation $\rarr$ neural crest formation $\rarr$ organogenesis 
C) fertilization $\rarr$ neurulation $\rarr$ gastrulation$\rarr$ organogenesis $\rarr$ neural crest formation $\rarr$cleavage 
D) fertilization $\rarr$ gastrulation $\rarr$ neurulation $\rarr$ neural crest formation $\rarr$cleavage $\rarr$ organogenesis 
E) fertilization $\rarr$ cleavage $\rarr$ gastrulation $\rarr$ neurulation $\rarr$ neural crest formation $\rarr$ organogenesis E

Question 2

Which of the following are stages in fertilization?

Accepted Answer

A) cleavage and fusion 
B) fusion 
C) activation 
D) penetration 
E) fusion,activation,and penetration 
A) cleavage and fusion 
B) fusion 
C) activation 
D) penetration 
E) fusion,activation,and penetration E

Question 3

The elaboration of a notochord and a dorsal nerve chord,the key developmental event that marks the evolution of the chordates,is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) morphogenesis. 
B) organogenesis. 
C) gastrulation. 
D) neural crest formation. 
E) neurulation. 
A) morphogenesis. 
B) organogenesis. 
C) gastrulation. 
D) neural crest formation. 
E) neurulation. E

Question 4

What actually begins the uterine contractions which leads to giving birth?

Accepted Answer

A) oxytocin 
B) prolactin 
C) estrogen 
D) prostaglandins 
E) the movement of the fetus 
A) oxytocin 
B) prolactin 
C) estrogen 
D) prostaglandins 
E) the movement of the fetus

Question 5

The cleavage pattern is influenced by the amount of __________ and its distribution in the egg.

Accepted Answer

A) albumen 
B) yolk 
C) shell 
D) air 
A) albumen 
B) yolk 
C) shell 
D) air

Question 6

Which of the following is not the developmental product of the primary cell layer,ectoderm?

Accepted Answer

A) epidermis 
B) gonads 
C) central nervous system 
D) sense organs 
E) neural crest 
A) epidermis 
B) gonads 
C) central nervous system 
D) sense organs 
E) neural crest

Question 7

Brain growth in humans is different from other mammals in that

Accepted Answer

A) in humans brain growth is complete by the third trimester. 
B) in humans brain growth stops at birth. 
C) human growth is not allometriC. 
D) in humans brain growth continues after birth. 
E) only humans develop a cerebrum. 
A) in humans brain growth is complete by the third trimester. 
B) in humans brain growth stops at birth. 
C) human growth is not allometriC. 
D) in humans brain growth continues after birth. 
E) only humans develop a cerebrum.

Question 8

Working in an experimental fertility clinic,a researcher removes one cell in an 8-cell stage chimpanzee blastula.What is the likely result?

Accepted Answer

A) Both the cell and the blastula will die. 
B) The removed cell can develop into a viable chimp. 
C) All the cells are already committed and therefore are not viable. 
D) The blastula still has the capability of implantation and growth. 
E) Both can be implanted and will result in identical twin chimps. 
A) Both the cell and the blastula will die. 
B) The removed cell can develop into a viable chimp. 
C) All the cells are already committed and therefore are not viable. 
D) The blastula still has the capability of implantation and growth. 
E) Both can be implanted and will result in identical twin chimps.

Question 9

There is a protective layer between the granulosa cells and the egg's plasma membrane or zona pellucida.This layer is made of a

Accepted Answer

A) glycoprotein. 
B) glycolipid. 
C) protein. 
D) lipoprotein. 
E) saturated fatty acid. 
A) glycoprotein. 
B) glycolipid. 
C) protein. 
D) lipoprotein. 
E) saturated fatty acid.

Question 10

The production of milk,called lactation,is stimulated by ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) adrenaline 
B) prolactin 
C) estradiol 
D) oxytocin 
A) adrenaline 
B) prolactin 
C) estradiol 
D) oxytocin

Question 11

The milk ejection reflex requires the action of the hormone ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) prolactin 
B) estradiol 
C) oxytocin 
D) somatomammotropin 
A) prolactin 
B) estradiol 
C) oxytocin 
D) somatomammotropin

Question 12

The appearance of the __________ in the developing embryo marked the beginning of the first truly vertebrate phase of development.

Accepted Answer

A) limb buds 
B) heart 
C) neural crest 
D) gastrula 
A) limb buds 
B) heart 
C) neural crest 
D) gastrula

Question 13

The period of rapid division in which the embryo does not increase in overall size is called

Accepted Answer

A) syngamy. 
B) cleavage. 
C) neurulation. 
D) meiosis. 
E) crest formation. 
A) syngamy. 
B) cleavage. 
C) neurulation. 
D) meiosis. 
E) crest formation.

Question 14

Segmented blocks of tissue that form on either side of the notochord and are continuously added during development are called

Accepted Answer

A) blastopores. 
B) gastropores. 
C) somites. 
D) amniotic cells. 
E) sensory neurons. 
A) blastopores. 
B) gastropores. 
C) somites. 
D) amniotic cells. 
E) sensory neurons.

Question 15

During the ______ month,morphogenesis,the formation of the shape of the adult in miniature limb formation takes place.

Accepted Answer

A) first 
B) second 
C) third 
D) fourth 
A) first 
B) second 
C) third 
D) fourth

Question 16

All of the following are features representing blastula except

Accepted Answer

A) each cell is in contact with a different set of neighboring cells. 
B) some blastomeres are larger than the others and thus not equivalent. 
C) differentiation into notochord and the hollow nerve chord takes place. 
D) different blastomeres receive different components of the egg cytoplasm. 
E) some blastomeres may divide slower than others depending on the amount of yolk. 
A) each cell is in contact with a different set of neighboring cells. 
B) some blastomeres are larger than the others and thus not equivalent. 
C) differentiation into notochord and the hollow nerve chord takes place. 
D) different blastomeres receive different components of the egg cytoplasm. 
E) some blastomeres may divide slower than others depending on the amount of yolk.

Question 17

_________ is the initial event in development.

Accepted Answer

A) Fertilization 
B) Cleavage 
C) Gastrulation 
D) Organogensis 
A) Fertilization 
B) Cleavage 
C) Gastrulation 
D) Organogensis

Question 18

Neurulation is the developmental stage in which tissue differentiation begins,with the formation of which of the following morphological features?

Accepted Answer

A) notochord 
B) ectoderm,endoderm,and mesoderm 
C) hollow dorsal nerve cord 
D) notochord and hollow dorsal nerve cord 
E) ectoderm,endoderm,mesoderm,and hollow dorsal nerve cord 
A) notochord 
B) ectoderm,endoderm,and mesoderm 
C) hollow dorsal nerve cord 
D) notochord and hollow dorsal nerve cord 
E) ectoderm,endoderm,mesoderm,and hollow dorsal nerve cord

Question 19

Select the incorrectly matched germ layer and its developmental tissue fate.

Accepted Answer

A) ectoderm-lining of the digestive tract 
B) ectoderm-epidermis 
C) mesoderm-blood vessels 
D) mesoderm-gonads 
E) endoderm-lining of the respiratory tract 
A) ectoderm-lining of the digestive tract 
B) ectoderm-epidermis 
C) mesoderm-blood vessels 
D) mesoderm-gonads 
E) endoderm-lining of the respiratory tract

Question 20

The hollow crater formed during gastrulation is known as the

Accepted Answer

A) acrosome. 
B) archenteron. 
C) morulla. 
D) cleavage furrow. 
E) trophoblast. 
A) acrosome. 
B) archenteron. 
C) morulla. 
D) cleavage furrow. 
E) trophoblast.

Exam 54: Animal Development

Select the correct sequence of vertebrate development beginning with fertilization.

Which of the following are stages in fertilization?

The elaboration of a notochord and a dorsal nerve chord,the key developmental event that marks the evolution of the chordates,is referred to as

What actually begins the uterine contractions which leads to giving birth?

The cleavage pattern is influenced by the amount of __________ and its distribution in the egg.

Which of the following is not the developmental product of the primary cell layer,ectoderm?

Brain growth in humans is different from other mammals in that

Working in an experimental fertility clinic,a researcher removes one cell in an 8-cell stage chimpanzee blastula.What is the likely result?

There is a protective layer between the granulosa cells and the egg's plasma membrane or zona pellucida.This layer is made of a

The production of milk,called lactation,is stimulated by ____________.

The milk ejection reflex requires the action of the hormone ___________.

The appearance of the __________ in the developing embryo marked the beginning of the first truly vertebrate phase of development.

The period of rapid division in which the embryo does not increase in overall size is called

Segmented blocks of tissue that form on either side of the notochord and are continuously added during development are called

During the ______ month,morphogenesis,the formation of the shape of the adult in miniature limb formation takes place.

All of the following are features representing blastula except

_________ is the initial event in development.

Neurulation is the developmental stage in which tissue differentiation begins,with the formation of which of the following morphological features?

Select the incorrectly matched germ layer and its developmental tissue fate.

The hollow crater formed during gastrulation is known as the

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

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How Cells Harvest Energy

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Cell Communication

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Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

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