Question 1

What maintains the secondary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

A) peptide bonds 
B) hydrogen bonds between the amino group of one peptide bond and the carboxyl group of another peptide bond 
C) disulphide bonds 
D) hydrophobic interactions 
E) hydrogen bonds between the R groups 
A) peptide bonds 
B) hydrogen bonds between the amino group of one peptide bond and the carboxyl group of another peptide bond 
C) disulphide bonds 
D) hydrophobic interactions 
E) hydrogen bonds between the R groups

Question 2

The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) removal of a water molecule 
B) addition of a water molecule 
C) formation of a glycosidic bond 
D) formation of a hydrogen bond 
E) both removal of a water molecule and formation of a hydrogen bond 
A) removal of a water molecule 
B) addition of a water molecule 
C) formation of a glycosidic bond 
D) formation of a hydrogen bond 
E) both removal of a water molecule and formation of a hydrogen bond

Question 3

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below.Each molecule may be used once,more than once,or not at all.
  
-Which of the following molecules contains a glycosidic linkage type of covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 6 
C) 12 
D) 13 
E) 15 
A) 4 
B) 6 
C) 12 
D) 13 
E) 15

Question 4

The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires

Accepted Answer

A) the release of a water molecule. 
B) the release of a carbon dioxide molecule. 
C) the addition of a nitrogen atom. 
D) the addition of a water molecule. 
E) the release of a nitrous oxide molecule. 
A) the release of a water molecule. 
B) the release of a carbon dioxide molecule. 
C) the addition of a nitrogen atom. 
D) the addition of a water molecule. 
E) the release of a nitrous oxide molecule.

Question 5

A glycosidic linkage is analogous to which of the following in proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) an amino group 
B) a peptide bond 
C) a disulfide bond 
D) a β pleated sheet 
E) an α helix 
A) an amino group 
B) a peptide bond 
C) a disulfide bond 
D) a β pleated sheet 
E) an α helix

Question 6

The basis for diversity,both within a species and among species,is a result of the

Accepted Answer

A) arrangement of a few base molecules into many different macromolecular combinations. 
B) shared structures of polymers and lipids. 
C) infinite number of base molecules to build from. 
D) ratio of lipid to protein. 
E) fact that some individuals have mutations. 
A) arrangement of a few base molecules into many different macromolecular combinations. 
B) shared structures of polymers and lipids. 
C) infinite number of base molecules to build from. 
D) ratio of lipid to protein. 
E) fact that some individuals have mutations.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) the reaction of two monosaccharides, forming a disaccharide with the release of water 
B) the synthesis of two amino acids, forming a peptide with the release of water 
C) the reaction of a fat, forming glycerol and fatty acids with the release of water 
D) the reaction of a fat, forming glycerol and fatty acids with the consumption of water 
E) the synthesis of a nucleotide from a phosphate, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base with the production of a molecule of water 
A) the reaction of two monosaccharides, forming a disaccharide with the release of water 
B) the synthesis of two amino acids, forming a peptide with the release of water 
C) the reaction of a fat, forming glycerol and fatty acids with the release of water 
D) the reaction of a fat, forming glycerol and fatty acids with the consumption of water 
E) the synthesis of a nucleotide from a phosphate, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base with the production of a molecule of water

Question 8

Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not. 
B) The bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not. 
C) DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides. 
D) DNA contains the base uracil, whereas RNA contains the base thymine. 
E) DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not; the bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not; and DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides. 
A) DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not. 
B) The bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not. 
C) DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides. 
D) DNA contains the base uracil, whereas RNA contains the base thymine. 
E) DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not; the bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not; and DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides.

Question 9

Changing a single amino acid in a protein consisting of 325 amino acids would

Accepted Answer

A) alter the primary structure of the protein, but not its tertiary structure or function. 
B) cause the tertiary structure of the protein to unfold. 
C) always alter the biological activity or function of the protein. 
D) always alter the primary structure of the protein and disrupt its biological activity. 
E) always alter the primary structure of the protein, sometimes alter the tertiary structure of the protein, and affect its biological activity. 
A) alter the primary structure of the protein, but not its tertiary structure or function. 
B) cause the tertiary structure of the protein to unfold. 
C) always alter the biological activity or function of the protein. 
D) always alter the primary structure of the protein and disrupt its biological activity. 
E) always alter the primary structure of the protein, sometimes alter the tertiary structure of the protein, and affect its biological activity.

Question 10

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below.Each molecule may be used once,more than once,or not at all.
  
-Which of the following combinations could be linked together to form a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2, and 11 
B) 3, 7, and 8 
C) 5, 9, and 10 
D) 11, 12, and 13 
E) 12, 14, and 15 
A) 1, 2, and 11 
B) 3, 7, and 8 
C) 5, 9, and 10 
D) 11, 12, and 13 
E) 12, 14, and 15

Question 11

The tertiary structure of a protein is the

Accepted Answer

A) bonding together of several polypeptide chains by weak bonds. 
B) order in which amino acids are joined in a polypeptide chain. 
C) unique three-dimensional shape of the fully folded polypeptide. 
D) organization of a polypeptide chain into an α helix or β pleated sheet. 
E) overall protein structure resulting from the aggregation of two or more polypeptide subunits. 
A) bonding together of several polypeptide chains by weak bonds. 
B) order in which amino acids are joined in a polypeptide chain. 
C) unique three-dimensional shape of the fully folded polypeptide. 
D) organization of a polypeptide chain into an α helix or β pleated sheet. 
E) overall protein structure resulting from the aggregation of two or more polypeptide subunits.

Question 12

Which of the following is not a polymer?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose 
B) starch 
C) cellulose 
D) chitin 
E) DNA 
A) glucose 
B) starch 
C) cellulose 
D) chitin 
E) DNA

Question 13

The genome of humans and chimpanzees are ________ identical.

Accepted Answer

A) less than 50% 
B) 70-75% 
C) 85-90% 
D) 95-98% 
E) 100% 
A) less than 50% 
B) 70-75% 
C) 85-90% 
D) 95-98% 
E) 100%

Question 14

What type of covalent bond between amino acid side chains (R groups)functions in maintaining a polypeptide's specific three-dimensional shape?

Accepted Answer

A) ionic bond 
B) hydrophobic interaction 
C) van der Waals interaction 
D) disulphide bond 
E) hydrogen bond 
A) ionic bond 
B) hydrophobic interaction 
C) van der Waals interaction 
D) disulphide bond 
E) hydrogen bond

Question 15

Humans and mice differ because of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Their cells have different small organic molecules. 
B) Their cells make different types of large biological molecules. 
C) Their cells make different types of lipids. 
D) Their cells have some differences in the sequence of nucleotides in their nucleic acids. 
E) Their cells make different types of proteins. 
A) Their cells have different small organic molecules. 
B) Their cells make different types of large biological molecules. 
C) Their cells make different types of lipids. 
D) Their cells have some differences in the sequence of nucleotides in their nucleic acids. 
E) Their cells make different types of proteins.

Question 16

What is the difference between an aldose sugar and a ketose sugar?

Accepted Answer

A) the number of carbons 
B) the position of the hydroxyl groups 
C) the position of the carbonyl group 
D) One is a ring form, and the other is a linear chain. 
E) One has a nitrogen. 
A) the number of carbons 
B) the position of the hydroxyl groups 
C) the position of the carbonyl group 
D) One is a ring form, and the other is a linear chain. 
E) One has a nitrogen.

Question 17

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below.Each molecule may be used once,more than once,or not at all.
  
-Which of the following molecules is a purine type of nitrogenous base?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 5 
D) 12 
E) 13 
A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 5 
D) 12 
E) 13

Question 18

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You have just had a breakfast of toast (high-fibre bread)with butter and jam (no added sugar)along with a glass of milk.
-Which of the following categories includes all others in the list?

Accepted Answer

A) monosaccharide 
B) disaccharide 
C) starch 
D) carbohydrate 
E) polysaccharide 
A) monosaccharide 
B) disaccharide 
C) starch 
D) carbohydrate 
E) polysaccharide

Question 19

Refer to the following figure to answer the questions below.
  
-Which bond is closest to the amino terminus of the molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 20

What is the term used for a protein molecule that assists in the proper folding of other proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) tertiary protein 
B) chaperonin 
C) enzyme protein 
D) renaturing protein 
E) denaturing protein 
A) tertiary protein 
B) chaperonin 
C) enzyme protein 
D) renaturing protein 
E) denaturing protein

Exam 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

What maintains the secondary structure of a protein?

The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires which of the following?

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below.Each molecule may be used once,more than once,or not at all. -Which of the following molecules contains a glycosidic linkage type of covalent bond?

The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires

A glycosidic linkage is analogous to which of the following in proteins?

The basis for diversity,both within a species and among species,is a result of the

Which of the following is an example of hydrolysis?

Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between DNA and RNA?

Changing a single amino acid in a protein consisting of 325 amino acids would

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below.Each molecule may be used once,more than once,or not at all. -Which of the following combinations could be linked together to form a nucleotide?

The tertiary structure of a protein is the

Which of the following is not a polymer?

The genome of humans and chimpanzees are ________ identical.

What type of covalent bond between amino acid side chains (R groups)functions in maintaining a polypeptide's specific three-dimensional shape?

Humans and mice differ because of which of the following?

What is the difference between an aldose sugar and a ketose sugar?

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below.Each molecule may be used once,more than once,or not at all. -Which of the following molecules is a purine type of nitrogenous base?

Use the following information to answer the questions below. You have just had a breakfast of toast (high-fibre bread)with butter and jam (no added sugar)along with a glass of milk. -Which of the following categories includes all others in the list?

Refer to the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which bond is closest to the amino terminus of the molecule?

What is the term used for a protein molecule that assists in the proper folding of other proteins?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters