Question 1

The circulatory systems of bony fishes, rays, and sharks are most similar to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  those of birds, with a four-chambered heart 
B)  the portal systems of mammals, where two capillary beds occur sequentially, without passage of blood through a pumping chamber 
C)  those of sponges, where gas exchange in all cells occurs directly with the external environment 
D)  those of humans, where there are four pumping chambers to drive blood flow 
A)  those of birds, with a four-chambered heart 
B)  the portal systems of mammals, where two capillary beds occur sequentially, without passage of blood through a pumping chamber 
C)  those of sponges, where gas exchange in all cells occurs directly with the external environment 
D)  those of humans, where there are four pumping chambers to drive blood flow

Question 2

Cyanide poisons mitochondria by blocking the final step in the electron transport chain. Human red blood cells placed in an isotonic solution containing cyanide are likely to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  retain the normal cell shape, but the mitochondria will be poisoned 
B)  lyse as the cyanide concentration increases inside the cell 
C)  switch to anaerobic metabolism 
D)  be unaffected 
A)  retain the normal cell shape, but the mitochondria will be poisoned 
B)  lyse as the cyanide concentration increases inside the cell 
C)  switch to anaerobic metabolism 
D)  be unaffected

Question 3

Pulse is a direct measure of

Accepted Answer

A)  blood pressure. 
B)  stroke volume. 
C)  cardiac output. 
D)  heart rate. 
A)  blood pressure. 
B)  stroke volume. 
C)  cardiac output. 
D)  heart rate.

Question 4

You cut your finger, and after putting pressure on the wound for several minutes, you notice that it is still bleeding profusely. What may be the problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Platelets are not functioning properly, or there are too few to be effective. 
B)  Mast cells are not releasing their chemical messengers. 
C)  There are too many antigens to allow clotting. 
D)  Haemoglobin levels are too high to allow clotting. 
A)  Platelets are not functioning properly, or there are too few to be effective. 
B)  Mast cells are not releasing their chemical messengers. 
C)  There are too many antigens to allow clotting. 
D)  Haemoglobin levels are too high to allow clotting.

Question 5

Circulatory systems compensate for ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  temperature differences between the lungs and the active tissue 
B)  the slow rate at which diffusion occurs over large distances 
C)  the problem of communication systems involving only the nervous system 
D)  the need to cushion animals from trauma 
A)  temperature differences between the lungs and the active tissue 
B)  the slow rate at which diffusion occurs over large distances 
C)  the problem of communication systems involving only the nervous system 
D)  the need to cushion animals from trauma

Question 6

Among the following choices, which organism likely has the highest systolic pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  mouse 
B)  human 
C)  hippopotamus 
D)  giraffe 
A)  mouse 
B)  human 
C)  hippopotamus 
D)  giraffe

Question 7

Under identical atmospheric conditions, freshwater ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  has more dissolved oxygen than seawater 
B)  has less dissolved oxygen than seawater 
C)  can hold 10-40 times more carbon dioxide than air 
D)  can hold 10-40 times more oxygen than air 
A)  has more dissolved oxygen than seawater 
B)  has less dissolved oxygen than seawater 
C)  can hold 10-40 times more carbon dioxide than air 
D)  can hold 10-40 times more oxygen than air

Exam 42: Circulation and Gas Exchange

The circulatory systems of bony fishes, rays, and sharks are most similar to ________.

Cyanide poisons mitochondria by blocking the final step in the electron transport chain. Human red blood cells placed in an isotonic solution containing cyanide are likely to ________.

Pulse is a direct measure of

You cut your finger, and after putting pressure on the wound for several minutes, you notice that it is still bleeding profusely. What may be the problem?

Circulatory systems compensate for ________.

Among the following choices, which organism likely has the highest systolic pressure?

Under identical atmospheric conditions, freshwater ________.

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonised Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

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