Question 1

Mature human sperm and ova are similar in that they ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  both have the same number of chromosomes 
B)  are approximately the same size 
C)  each have a flagellum that provides motility 
D)  are produced from puberty until death 
A)  both have the same number of chromosomes 
B)  are approximately the same size 
C)  each have a flagellum that provides motility 
D)  are produced from puberty until death A

Question 2

A primary response by the Leydig cells in the testes to the presence of luteinising hormone is an increase in the synthesis and secretion of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibin 
B)  testosterone 
C)  oxytocin 
D)  progesterone 
A)  inhibin 
B)  testosterone 
C)  oxytocin 
D)  progesterone B

Question 3

In an animal that switches between sexual and asexual reproduction, when is sexual reproduction more likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  when conditions for survival are favourable 
B)  when conditions for survival are unfavourable 
C)  when males and females find each other 
D)  What conditions favour sexual over asexual remains a complete mystery. 
A)  when conditions for survival are favourable 
B)  when conditions for survival are unfavourable 
C)  when males and females find each other 
D)  What conditions favour sexual over asexual remains a complete mystery. B

Question 4

A male's "primary" sex characteristics include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  deepening of the voice at puberty 
B)  development of the seminal vesicles and associated ducts 
C)  elongation of the skeleton prior to puberty 
D)  onset of growth of facial hair at puberty 
A)  deepening of the voice at puberty 
B)  development of the seminal vesicles and associated ducts 
C)  elongation of the skeleton prior to puberty 
D)  onset of growth of facial hair at puberty

Question 5

The surgical removal of the seminal vesicles would likely ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cause sterility because sperm would not be produced 
B)  cause sterility because sperm would not be able to exit the body 
C)  greatly reduce the volume of semen 
D)  cause the testes to migrate back into the abdominal cavity 
A)  cause sterility because sperm would not be produced 
B)  cause sterility because sperm would not be able to exit the body 
C)  greatly reduce the volume of semen 
D)  cause the testes to migrate back into the abdominal cavity

Question 6

Which of the following is a true statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  All mammals have menstrual cycles. 
B)  The endometrial lining is shed in menstrual cycles but reabsorbed in oestrous cycles. 
C)  Oestrous cycles are more frequent than menstrual cycles. 
D)  Ovulation occurs before the endometrium thickens in oestrous cycles. 
A)  All mammals have menstrual cycles. 
B)  The endometrial lining is shed in menstrual cycles but reabsorbed in oestrous cycles. 
C)  Oestrous cycles are more frequent than menstrual cycles. 
D)  Ovulation occurs before the endometrium thickens in oestrous cycles.

Question 7

The primary function of the corpus luteum is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  nourish and protect the egg cell 
B)  maintain progesterone and oestrogen synthesis after ovulation has occurred 
C)  stimulate the development of the mammary glands 
D)  support pregnancy in the second and third trimesters 
A)  nourish and protect the egg cell 
B)  maintain progesterone and oestrogen synthesis after ovulation has occurred 
C)  stimulate the development of the mammary glands 
D)  support pregnancy in the second and third trimesters

Question 8

Egg laying in fruit flies can be triggered (induced) when males deposit their sperm in the spermathecae of the females. What is the selective advantage of induced egg laying for the male flies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because egg laying is induced upon mating, the males do not have to produce as much sperm. 
B)  More eggs can be fertilised at once when egg laying is induced. 
C)  Induced egg laying ensures that a male fly's sperm is used for fertilisation. 
D)  Mating takes less time, so less energy is expended by the males. 
A)  Because egg laying is induced upon mating, the males do not have to produce as much sperm. 
B)  More eggs can be fertilised at once when egg laying is induced. 
C)  Induced egg laying ensures that a male fly's sperm is used for fertilisation. 
D)  Mating takes less time, so less energy is expended by the males.

Question 9

Asexual reproduction results in greater reproductive success than does sexual reproduction when ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  pathogens are rapidly diversifying 
B)  there is some potential for rapid overpopulation 
C)  a species is expanding into diverse geographic settings 
D)  a species is in a stable and favourable environment 
A)  pathogens are rapidly diversifying 
B)  there is some potential for rapid overpopulation 
C)  a species is expanding into diverse geographic settings 
D)  a species is in a stable and favourable environment

Question 10

A vasectomy ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  eliminates spermatogenesis 
B)  eliminates testosterone synthesis 
C)  prevents implantation of an embryo 
D)  prevents sperm from entering the male urethra 
A)  eliminates spermatogenesis 
B)  eliminates testosterone synthesis 
C)  prevents implantation of an embryo 
D)  prevents sperm from entering the male urethra

Question 11

Refer to the following figure, which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human female, to answer the question.   In the figure, which structure is the site of embryo implantation?

Accepted Answer

A)  B 
B)  C 
C)  D 
D)  E 
A)  B 
B)  C 
C)  D 
D)  E

Question 12

Females of many insect species, including honeybee queens, can store gametes shed by their mating partners in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  their nests 
B)  the abdominal tract 
C)  the uterus 
D)  the spermatheca 
A)  their nests 
B)  the abdominal tract 
C)  the uterus 
D)  the spermatheca

Question 13

Peaks of LH and FSH production occur during

Accepted Answer

A)  the menstrual flow phase of the uterine cycle. 
B)  the beginning of the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle. 
C)  the period just before ovulation. 
D)  the secretory phase of the uterine cycle. 
A)  the menstrual flow phase of the uterine cycle. 
B)  the beginning of the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle. 
C)  the period just before ovulation. 
D)  the secretory phase of the uterine cycle.

Question 14

Which hormone is released from the Sertoli cells that inhibits the release of follicle stimulating hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibin 
B)  luteinising hormone (LH) 
C)  follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 
D)  gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) 
A)  inhibin 
B)  luteinising hormone (LH) 
C)  follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 
D)  gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 15

Which of the following is not properly paired?

Accepted Answer

A)  seminiferous tubule-cervix 
B)  vas deferens-oviduct 
C)  testosterone-oestradiol 
D)  scrotum-labia majora 
A)  seminiferous tubule-cervix 
B)  vas deferens-oviduct 
C)  testosterone-oestradiol 
D)  scrotum-labia majora

Question 16

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the absence of a protective filter blocking the passage of alcohol between the maternal and foetal circulations in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  There has not been enough time to evolve such a barrier. 
B)  Such a barrier would probably also block important molecules that need to be passed to the foetus. 
C)  The maternal and foetal blood mix directly together in an area with many villi, so a barrier is impossible. 
D)  Alcohol has some positive effects on the foetus, so evolution has resulted in an intermediate level of filtering that blocks all but the worst abuses of alcohol. 
A)  There has not been enough time to evolve such a barrier. 
B)  Such a barrier would probably also block important molecules that need to be passed to the foetus. 
C)  The maternal and foetal blood mix directly together in an area with many villi, so a barrier is impossible. 
D)  Alcohol has some positive effects on the foetus, so evolution has resulted in an intermediate level of filtering that blocks all but the worst abuses of alcohol.

Question 17

In correct chronological order, the three phases of the human ovarian cycle that gives rise to a mature oocyte are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  follicular → luteal → secretory 
B)  menstrual → proliferative → secretory 
C)  follicular → ovulation → luteal 
D)  proliferative → luteal → ovulation 
A)  follicular → luteal → secretory 
B)  menstrual → proliferative → secretory 
C)  follicular → ovulation → luteal 
D)  proliferative → luteal → ovulation

Question 18

For which of the following is the number the same in human males and females?

Accepted Answer

A)  interruptions in meiotic divisions 
B)  functional gametes produced by meiosis 
C)  meiotic divisions required to produce each gamete 
D)  different cell types produced by meiosis 
A)  interruptions in meiotic divisions 
B)  functional gametes produced by meiosis 
C)  meiotic divisions required to produce each gamete 
D)  different cell types produced by meiosis

Question 19

In correct chronological order, the three phases of the human uterine cycle are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  follicular → luteal → secretory 
B)  menstrual → proliferative → secretory 
C)  follicular → ovulation → luteal 
D)  proliferative → luteal → ovulation 
A)  follicular → luteal → secretory 
B)  menstrual → proliferative → secretory 
C)  follicular → ovulation → luteal 
D)  proliferative → luteal → ovulation

Question 20

An inactivating mutation in the progesterone receptor gene would likely result in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the absence of secondary sex characteristics 
B)  the inability of the uterus to support pregnancy 
C)  enlarged and hyperactive uterine endometrium 
D)  the absence of mammary gland development 
A)  the absence of secondary sex characteristics 
B)  the inability of the uterus to support pregnancy 
C)  enlarged and hyperactive uterine endometrium 
D)  the absence of mammary gland development

Exam 46: Animal Reproduction

Mature human sperm and ova are similar in that they ________.

A primary response by the Leydig cells in the testes to the presence of luteinising hormone is an increase in the synthesis and secretion of ________.

In an animal that switches between sexual and asexual reproduction, when is sexual reproduction more likely to occur?

A male's "primary" sex characteristics include ________.

The surgical removal of the seminal vesicles would likely ________.

Which of the following is a true statement?

The primary function of the corpus luteum is to ________.

Egg laying in fruit flies can be triggered (induced) when males deposit their sperm in the spermathecae of the females. What is the selective advantage of induced egg laying for the male flies?

Asexual reproduction results in greater reproductive success than does sexual reproduction when ________.

A vasectomy ________.

Refer to the following figure, which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human female, to answer the question. In the figure, which structure is the site of embryo implantation?

Females of many insect species, including honeybee queens, can store gametes shed by their mating partners in ________.

Peaks of LH and FSH production occur during

Which hormone is released from the Sertoli cells that inhibits the release of follicle stimulating hormone?

Which of the following is not properly paired?

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the absence of a protective filter blocking the passage of alcohol between the maternal and foetal circulations in humans?

In correct chronological order, the three phases of the human ovarian cycle that gives rise to a mature oocyte are ________.

For which of the following is the number the same in human males and females?

In correct chronological order, the three phases of the human uterine cycle are ________.

An inactivating mutation in the progesterone receptor gene would likely result in ________.

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonised Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Filters