Question 1

Which of the following statements about gestation is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  In comparison to large mammals, small mammals have shorter gestation periods. 
B)  Thalidomide, administered during pregnancy, alters the skin tone of the fetus. 
C)  Chorionic villus sampling can detect genetic diseases as early as 8 weeks of gestation. 
D)  Human pregnancy has a duration of about 9 months. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false. 
A)  In comparison to large mammals, small mammals have shorter gestation periods. 
B)  Thalidomide, administered during pregnancy, alters the skin tone of the fetus. 
C)  Chorionic villus sampling can detect genetic diseases as early as 8 weeks of gestation. 
D)  Human pregnancy has a duration of about 9 months. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false.

Question 2

Which statement about gastrulation is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  In frogs, gastrulation begins in the vegetal hemisphere. 
B)  In sea urchins, gastrulation produces the notochord. 
C)  In birds, cells from the surface of the blastodisc move down through the primitive groove to form the hypoblast. 
D)  In mammals, gastrulation occurs in the hypoblast. 
E)  In sea urchins, gastrulation produces only two germ layers. 
A)  In frogs, gastrulation begins in the vegetal hemisphere. 
B)  In sea urchins, gastrulation produces the notochord. 
C)  In birds, cells from the surface of the blastodisc move down through the primitive groove to form the hypoblast. 
D)  In mammals, gastrulation occurs in the hypoblast. 
E)  In sea urchins, gastrulation produces only two germ layers.

Question 3

Because the human embryo is able to split at the 64-cell level of organization to produce two viable progeny, it is said to exhibit _______ development.

Accepted Answer

A)  mosaic 
B)  determinative 
C)  definitive 
D)  classical vertebrate 
E)  regulative 
A)  mosaic 
B)  determinative 
C)  definitive 
D)  classical vertebrate 
E)  regulative

Question 4

Gas exchange and waste removal for a chicken embryo are carried out by _______.

Accepted Answer

extraembry

Question 5

Which of the following statements about human development is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  At about 3 months gestation, the developing human is called a fetus. 
B)  Fetal movements are first felt by the mother during the second trimester. 
C)  Substantial developmental changes occur in the brain between birth and adolescence. 
D)  Humans have the longest gestation period among mammals because of the developmental requirements of their relatively large brains. 
E)  Development continues after postnatal growth has stopped. 
A)  At about 3 months gestation, the developing human is called a fetus. 
B)  Fetal movements are first felt by the mother during the second trimester. 
C)  Substantial developmental changes occur in the brain between birth and adolescence. 
D)  Humans have the longest gestation period among mammals because of the developmental requirements of their relatively large brains. 
E)  Development continues after postnatal growth has stopped.

Question 6

The period of human gestation

Accepted Answer

A)  lasts about 266 days. 
B)  is the same as the duration of a pregnancy. 
C)  can be divided into three trimesters of roughly three months each. 
D)  Both b and c 
E)  All of the above 
A)  lasts about 266 days. 
B)  is the same as the duration of a pregnancy. 
C)  can be divided into three trimesters of roughly three months each. 
D)  Both b and c 
E)  All of the above

Question 7

After gastrulation, the ectodermal cells contribute predominantly to the developing

Accepted Answer

A)  brain, nervous system, and sweat glands. 
B)  skeletal system and muscles. 
C)  inner lining of the gut and respiratory tract. 
D)  liver and pancreas. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  brain, nervous system, and sweat glands. 
B)  skeletal system and muscles. 
C)  inner lining of the gut and respiratory tract. 
D)  liver and pancreas. 
E)  None of the above

Question 8

The rod that forms from the chordomesoderm and gives structural support to the developing embryo is called the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The rod that forms from the chordomesoderm...

Question 9

The _______ eventually develop into vertebrae, ribs, and trunk muscles, and are found along the sides of the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  somites; neural tube 
B)  neural tube cells; notochord 
C)  blastopore cells; dorsal lip 
D)  neural crest cells; dorsal lip 
E)  neural plate cells; archenteron 
A)  somites; neural tube 
B)  neural tube cells; notochord 
C)  blastopore cells; dorsal lip 
D)  neural crest cells; dorsal lip 
E)  neural plate cells; archenteron

Question 10

The vertebral column is derived, via the notochord, from

Accepted Answer

A)  ectoderm. 
B)  neuromesoderm. 
C)  chordamesoderm. 
D)  endoderm. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  ectoderm. 
B)  neuromesoderm. 
C)  chordamesoderm. 
D)  endoderm. 
E)  None of the above

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the first trimester of pregnancy in humans is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is rapid cell division during this period. 
B)  It is the period when the embryo is the most sensitive to radiation and drugs. 
C)  The fingers, toes, and facial features of the fetus become well formed. 
D)  The mother may experience nausea and mood swings. 
E)  High levels of estrogen and progesterone are circulating in the mother's blood during this period. 
A)  There is rapid cell division during this period. 
B)  It is the period when the embryo is the most sensitive to radiation and drugs. 
C)  The fingers, toes, and facial features of the fetus become well formed. 
D)  The mother may experience nausea and mood swings. 
E)  High levels of estrogen and progesterone are circulating in the mother's blood during this period.

Question 12

The major divisions of the brain develop from

Accepted Answer

A)  the anterior end of the neural tube. 
B)  the posterior end of the neural tube. 
C)  the anterior portion of the notochord. 
D)  the posterior portion of the notochord. 
E)  several of the somites. 
A)  the anterior end of the neural tube. 
B)  the posterior end of the neural tube. 
C)  the anterior portion of the notochord. 
D)  the posterior portion of the notochord. 
E)  several of the somites.

Question 13

The large amount of yolk in birds' eggs results in

Accepted Answer

A)  gradual metamorphosis. 
B)  complete metamorphosis. 
C)  incomplete cleavage. 
D)  incomplete mitosis during cleavage. 
E)  bicoid larvae. 
A)  gradual metamorphosis. 
B)  complete metamorphosis. 
C)  incomplete cleavage. 
D)  incomplete mitosis during cleavage. 
E)  bicoid larvae.

Question 14

Gene duplications during vertebrate evolution have led to

Accepted Answer

A)  the control of body segmentation in mice by four copies of Hox genes. 
B)  the abundance of somites in vertebrate embryos. 
C)  the loss of other genes. 
D)  a long development period of feathers in the chicken embryo. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  the control of body segmentation in mice by four copies of Hox genes. 
B)  the abundance of somites in vertebrate embryos. 
C)  the loss of other genes. 
D)  a long development period of feathers in the chicken embryo. 
E)  All of the above

Question 15

Gas exchange and waste removal for a chicken embryo are

Accepted Answer

A)  handled by structures surrounding the developing embryo. 
B)  handled in a manner similar to that in reptiles. 
C)  carried out by the chick's mother. 
D)  accomplished by the placenta. 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  handled by structures surrounding the developing embryo. 
B)  handled in a manner similar to that in reptiles. 
C)  carried out by the chick's mother. 
D)  accomplished by the placenta. 
E)  Both a and b

Question 16

The movement of bottle cells eventually leads to the formation of the

Accepted Answer

A)  blastocoel. 
B)  dorsal lip of the blastopore. 
C)  animal pole. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both b and c 
A)  blastocoel. 
B)  dorsal lip of the blastopore. 
C)  animal pole. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both b and c

Question 17

In mammals, the chorion and the trophoblast cells interact with the maternal uterus to form a(n) _______, which provides the embryo with nutrients and gas exchange.

Accepted Answer

A)  umbilicus 
B)  amniotic sac 
C)  placenta 
D)  yolk sac 
E)  allantois 
A)  umbilicus 
B)  amniotic sac 
C)  placenta 
D)  yolk sac 
E)  allantois

Question 18

Exposure to cigarette smoke or alcohol is most dangerous to a fetus during the _______ trimester.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exposure to cigarette smoke or alcohol is...

Question 19

The region of the frog egg that is darkly pigmented is known as the _______ pole.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The region of the frog egg that...

Question 20

Which of the following statements about mammalian cleavage is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The inner cell mass becomes the embryo. 
B)  The surrounding cells become the trophoblast. 
C)  Mammalian cleavage is very fast. 
D)  The pattern of cleavage in mammals is rotational. 
E)  The early cell divisions produce a loosely associated ball of cells. 
A)  The inner cell mass becomes the embryo. 
B)  The surrounding cells become the trophoblast. 
C)  Mammalian cleavage is very fast. 
D)  The pattern of cleavage in mammals is rotational. 
E)  The early cell divisions produce a loosely associated ball of cells.

Exam 44: Animal Development

Which of the following statements about gestation is false?

Which statement about gastrulation is true?

Because the human embryo is able to split at the 64-cell level of organization to produce two viable progeny, it is said to exhibit _______ development.

Gas exchange and waste removal for a chicken embryo are carried out by _______.

Which of the following statements about human development is false?

The period of human gestation

After gastrulation, the ectodermal cells contribute predominantly to the developing

The rod that forms from the chordomesoderm and gives structural support to the developing embryo is called the _______.

The _______ eventually develop into vertebrae, ribs, and trunk muscles, and are found along the sides of the _______.

The vertebral column is derived, via the notochord, from

Which of the following statements about the first trimester of pregnancy in humans is false?

The major divisions of the brain develop from

The large amount of yolk in birds' eggs results in

Gene duplications during vertebrate evolution have led to

Gas exchange and waste removal for a chicken embryo are

The movement of bottle cells eventually leads to the formation of the

In mammals, the chorion and the trophoblast cells interact with the maternal uterus to form a(n) _______, which provides the embryo with nutrients and gas exchange.

Exposure to cigarette smoke or alcohol is most dangerous to a fetus during the _______ trimester.

The region of the frog egg that is darkly pigmented is known as the _______ pole.

Which of the following statements about mammalian cleavage is false?

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The _ eventually develop into vertebrae, ribs, and trunk muscles, and are found along the sides of the _.