Question 1

Which of the following best defines an aerosol?

Accepted Answer

A)  Suspension of liquid droplets in a gas 
B)  Suspension of particulate matter in a gas 
C)  Molecular water dispersed throughout a carrier gas 
D)  Suspension of liquid or solid particles in a gas 
A)  Suspension of liquid droplets in a gas 
B)  Suspension of particulate matter in a gas 
C)  Molecular water dispersed throughout a carrier gas 
D)  Suspension of liquid or solid particles in a gas

Question 2

What is a potential limitation of flow-triggered metered dose inhaler devices?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased pharyngeal impaction. 
B)  Less effective lung deposition. 
C)  High flows necessary for actuation. 
D)  Requires accessory equipment. 
A)  Increased pharyngeal impaction. 
B)  Less effective lung deposition. 
C)  High flows necessary for actuation. 
D)  Requires accessory equipment.

Question 3

To provide an extra margin of safety during continuous bronchodilator therapy (CBT), which of the following would you recommend be monitored?
1) Eosinophil count
2) Serum potassium levels
3) Electrocardiogram

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 1 and 3 only 
C) 2 and 3 only 
D) 1, 2, and 3 
A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 1 and 3 only 
C) 2 and 3 only 
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 4

Approximately what range of drug dosages can be provided with each firing of a metered dose inhaler?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 to 50 mg 
B)  50 to 100 mg 
C)  5 to 50 mcg 
D)  50 mcg to 5 mg 
A)  5 to 50 mg 
B)  50 to 100 mg 
C)  5 to 50 mcg 
D)  50 mcg to 5 mg

Question 5

Which of the following is not considered a drug aerosol delivery system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) 
B)  Small-volume jet nebulizers 
C)  Metered dose inhalers (MDIs) 
D)  Spinning disk nebulizers 
A)  Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) 
B)  Small-volume jet nebulizers 
C)  Metered dose inhalers (MDIs) 
D)  Spinning disk nebulizers

Question 6

What is the preferred method for delivering bronchodilators to spontaneously breathing and intubated, ventilated patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dry powder inhaler 
B)  Small-volume jet nebulizer 
C)  Metered dose inhaler 
D)  Hand-bulb atomizer 
A)  Dry powder inhaler 
B)  Small-volume jet nebulizer 
C)  Metered dose inhaler 
D)  Hand-bulb atomizer

Question 7

Which of the following factors is most crucial in developing an effective program of aerosol drug self-administration in an adult patient requiring maintenance of bronchodilator therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proper device selection 
B)  Well-written brochures 
C)  Reliable peak expiratory flow rate meter 
D)  Good patient education 
A)  Proper device selection 
B)  Well-written brochures 
C)  Reliable peak expiratory flow rate meter 
D)  Good patient education

Question 8

Proper use of a soft mist inhaler requires that the patient be able to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Generate inspiratory flows of 60 L/min or higher. 
B)  Exhale forcibly through the device before drug delivery. 
C)  Requires hand-breath coordination on the part of the patient. 
D)  Connect the device to the proper gas source. 
A)  Generate inspiratory flows of 60 L/min or higher. 
B)  Exhale forcibly through the device before drug delivery. 
C)  Requires hand-breath coordination on the part of the patient. 
D)  Connect the device to the proper gas source.

Question 9

Which of the following agents has been associated with increased intraocular pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anticholinergics 
B)  Epinephrine 
C)  Beta-2 agonists 
D)  Antibiotics 
A)  Anticholinergics 
B)  Epinephrine 
C)  Beta-2 agonists 
D)  Antibiotics

Question 10

Advantages of small-volume ultrasonic nebulizers for drug delivery include which of the following?
1) Greater respirable drug mass
2) Less dead space and waste
3) Increased mobility
4) Decreased cost

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only 
A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only

Question 11

Which of the following would be correct instructions for a patient being taught proper use of a dry powder inhaler?
1) Place mouthpiece 4 cm from mouth
2) Exhale slowly to FRC
3) Inhale slowly (<30 L/min)
4) Repeat until dose is used up

Accepted Answer

A) 2 and 4 only 
B) 3 and 4 only 
C) 1, 2, and 3 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4 
A) 2 and 4 only 
B) 3 and 4 only 
C) 1, 2, and 3 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Question 12

Side effects of environmental exposure to ribavirin or pentamidine aerosols include which of the following?
1) Bronchospasm
2) Skin rashes
3) Conjunctivitis
4) Tachyphylaxis

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4 
A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Question 13

Which of the following source gas characteristics affect the performance of small-volume jet nebulizers?
1) Humidity
2) Flow
3) Pressure
4) Viscosity

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only 
A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only

Question 14

When fired inside the mouth, what percentage of the drug dose delivered by a simple metered dose inhaler (MDI) deposits in the oropharynx?

Accepted Answer

A)  Approximately 20% 
B)  Approximately 40% 
C)  Approximately 60% 
D)  Approximately 80% 
A)  Approximately 20% 
B)  Approximately 40% 
C)  Approximately 60% 
D)  Approximately 80%

Question 15

A patient with an acute exacerbation of asthma is not responding to the standard dose and frequency of an aerosolized bronchodilator and is now receiving small-volume jet nebulizer (SVN) therapy every 30 min. Which of the following would you recommend to the patient's physician at this time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Discontinue the aerosolized bronchodilator. 
B)  Increase the frequency of SVN therapy to every 10 min. 
C)  Consider continuous nebulization of the drug. 
D)  Add more diluent to the SVN to extend treatment time. 
A)  Discontinue the aerosolized bronchodilator. 
B)  Increase the frequency of SVN therapy to every 10 min. 
C)  Consider continuous nebulization of the drug. 
D)  Add more diluent to the SVN to extend treatment time.

Question 16

To assess the effectiveness of a particular aerosol delivery device selection, what would you evaluate?
1) Patient's technique in using the device
2) Patient's response to and compliance with procedure
3) Objective measures of improvement (e.g., peak flow)

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 2 and 3 only 
C) 1 and 3 only 
D) 1, 2, and 3 
A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 2 and 3 only 
C) 1 and 3 only 
D) 1, 2, and 3

Exam 39: Aerosol Drug Therapy

Which of the following best defines an aerosol?

What is a potential limitation of flow-triggered metered dose inhaler devices?

To provide an extra margin of safety during continuous bronchodilator therapy (CBT), which of the following would you recommend be monitored? 1) Eosinophil count 2) Serum potassium levels 3) Electrocardiogram

Approximately what range of drug dosages can be provided with each firing of a metered dose inhaler?

Which of the following is not considered a drug aerosol delivery system?

What is the preferred method for delivering bronchodilators to spontaneously breathing and intubated, ventilated patients?

Which of the following factors is most crucial in developing an effective program of aerosol drug self-administration in an adult patient requiring maintenance of bronchodilator therapy?

Proper use of a soft mist inhaler requires that the patient be able to do which of the following?

Which of the following agents has been associated with increased intraocular pressure?

Advantages of small-volume ultrasonic nebulizers for drug delivery include which of the following? 1) Greater respirable drug mass 2) Less dead space and waste 3) Increased mobility 4) Decreased cost

Which of the following would be correct instructions for a patient being taught proper use of a dry powder inhaler? 1) Place mouthpiece 4 cm from mouth 2) Exhale slowly to FRC 3) Inhale slowly (<30 L/min) 4) Repeat until dose is used up

Side effects of environmental exposure to ribavirin or pentamidine aerosols include which of the following? 1) Bronchospasm 2) Skin rashes 3) Conjunctivitis 4) Tachyphylaxis

Which of the following source gas characteristics affect the performance of small-volume jet nebulizers? 1) Humidity 2) Flow 3) Pressure 4) Viscosity

When fired inside the mouth, what percentage of the drug dose delivered by a simple metered dose inhaler (MDI) deposits in the oropharynx?

A patient with an acute exacerbation of asthma is not responding to the standard dose and frequency of an aerosolized bronchodilator and is now receiving small-volume jet nebulizer (SVN) therapy every 30 min. Which of the following would you recommend to the patient's physician at this time?

To assess the effectiveness of a particular aerosol delivery device selection, what would you evaluate? 1) Patient's technique in using the device 2) Patient's response to and compliance with procedure 3) Objective measures of improvement (e.g., peak flow)

History of Respiratory Care

Delivering Evidence-Based Respiratory Care

Quality, Patient Safety, and Communication, and Recordkeeping

Principles of Infection Prevention and Control

Ethical and Legal Implications of Practice

Physical Principles of Respiratory Care

E-Medicine in Respiratory Care

Fundamentals of Respiratory Care Research

The Respiratory System

The Cardiovascular System

Ventilation

Gas Exchange and Transport

Solutions, Body Fluids, and Electrolytes

Acid-Base Balance

Regulation of Breathing

Bedside Assessment of the Patient

Interpreting Clinical and Laboratory Data

Interpreting the Electrocardiogram

Analysis and Monitoring of Gas Exchange

Pulmonary Function Testing

Review of Thoracic Imaging

Flexible Bronchoscopy and the Respiratory Therapist

Nutrition Assessment

Pulmonary Infections

Obstructive Lung Disease: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Copd, Asthma, and Related Diseases

Interstitial Lung Disease

Pleural Diseases

Pulmonary Vascular Disease

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Trauma, Burns and Near Drowning

Lung Cancer

Neuromuscular and Other Diseases of the Chest Wall

Disorders of Sleep

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Disorders

Airway Pharmacology

Airway Management

Emergency Cardiovascular Life Support

Humidity and Bland Aerosol Therapy

Storage and Delivery of Medical Gases

Medical Gas Therapy

Lung Expansion Therapy

Airway Clearance Therapy Act

Respiratory Failure and the Need for Ventilatory Support

Mechanical Ventilators

Physiology of Ventilatory Support

Patient Ventilator Interaction

Initiating and Adjusting Invasive Ventilatory Support

Noninvasive Ventilation

Extracorporeal Life Support Ecls

Monitoring the Patient in the Intensive Care Unit

Discontinuing Ventilatory Support

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care

Patient Education and Health Promotion

Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation

Respiratory Care in Alternative Settings

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