Exam 30: Trauma, Burns and Near Drowning

Two classifications of chest trauma are:

The most common aspirated material in near-drowning events is:

Which of the following patients is most likely to require endotracheal intubation?

Which of the following decreases as body mass index increases? 1) Airway resistance 2) Functional residual capacity 3) Forced vital capacity 4) Forced expiratory volume in 1 second

From 2005 to 2009 in the United States, approximately how many deaths were due to drowning?

Mechanical ventilation of the obese patient often includes which of the following? 1) Pressure or volume ventilation 2) Tidal volume: average 10 ml/kg PBW, range 8 to 12 ml/kg PBW 3) Position head of the bed greater than or equal to 30 degrees elevation 4) NIV for 24- to 48-hr postextubation

How should tidal volume be determined for an obese patient?

Your patient is brought in by EMS after being pulled from a house fire. She is complaining of difficulty breathing, has burnt nasal hairs, soot in the oral pharynx, and stridor. The physician asks for a treatment suggestion regarding her respiratory needs. What would you suggest?

Which of the following are respiratory and blood chemistry dysfunctions associated with the inhalation of freshwater? 1) Rapid depletion of alveolar surfactant 2) Direct damage to the alveolar-capillary membrane 3) Acute neurogenic pulmonary edema 4) Rapid loss of circulating volume into the alveolar space across the injured alveolar capillary membrane may cause hemoconcentration, hypernatremia, and hypoalbuminemia

Respiratory assessment of the burn patient should focus on which of the following? 1) Predicted body weight for tidal volume setting during mechanical ventilation 2) Extension and depth of external burns 3) Degree of involvement of lung tissue 4) Inhalation of toxic cases

When assessing an obese patient, an approach to noninvasive ventilation includes: 1) obtain an arterial blood gas analysis to assess baseline gas exchange. 2) monitor vital signs, gas exchange, respiratory rate, tidal volume, and comfort of the patient. 3) explain the indications of noninvasive ventilation to the patient and the possible outcomes. 4) suggested initial settings are 5 cm H₂O of pressure support and 5 cm H₂O of PEEP.

Survival in burn patients is associated with which of the following?

Which of the following are mechanical ventilation strategies for the trauma patient? 1) Pressure or volume ventilation 2) Tidal volume: 6 to 8 ml/kg PBW 3) Plateau pressure: less than 28 cm H₂O 4) Minute volume to maintain PaCO₂ between 25 and35 mm Hg

Which of the following are considered basic respiratory interventions in the bedridden trauma patient? 1) Sedation 2) Incentive spirometry 3) Pain control 4) Humidification

Over two-thirds of obese patients also suffer from what pathology?

Which of the following is a true statement?

You are taking care of a trauma patient in the ICU. Following placement of a chest tube, there is a large amount of air that continues to exit the chest tube in a synchronized pattern with positive pressure ventilation. What do you suspect?

Which of the following are early clinical features of carbon monoxide poisoning? 1) Anxiety 2) Bradycardia 3) Headache 4) Confusion

Your patient is in the burn unit of the hospital with burns that have destroyed the epidermis and dermis above the fascia. What degree of burn would this be categorized as?

Which of the following precautions should be immediately taken in a patient with blunt trauma?