Exam 39: Aerosol Drug Therapy

When using a chamber-style adapter with a metered dose inhaler (MDI) to deliver a bronchodilator to a patient receiving mechanical ventilation, with what would you coordinate MDI firing?

Indications of an adverse drug response during continuous bronchodilator therapy include which of the following? 1) Decreased consciousness 2) Worsening tachycardia 3) Vomiting 4) Palpitations

A patient on mechanical ventilation was given 4 puffs of albuterol 5 min ago through a metered dose inhaler (MDI) and holding chamber placed 18 in from the circuit's airway connector. The patient continues to exhibit clinical signs of increased airway resistance but has demonstrated no apparent side effects from the drug. Which of the following would you recommend at this time?

The small-particle aerosol generator (SPAG) produces a small monodisperse aerosol through which of the following?

Most nebulizers used in respiratory care produce which type of aerosol suspension?

Where do most aerosol particles in the 5- to 10-µm range deposit?

To monitor a patient for the possibility of reactive bronchospasm during aerosol drug therapy, what should you do? 1) Measure pre- and postpeak flow and/or percentage forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%FEV₁). 2) Auscultate for adventitious breath sounds. 3) Carefully observe the patient's response. 4) Communicate with the patient during therapy.

For which of the following patient groups is use of a dry powder inhaler (DPI) for bronchodilator administration recommended? 1) Infants and children younger than 5 years 2) Patients with an acute bronchospastic episode 3) Patients requiring maintenance therapy

Which of the following drugs present the greatest exposure risks for health care workers? 1) Albuterol (Proventil) 2) Pentamidine (NebuPent) 3) Ribavirin (Virazole) 4) Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

An asthmatic patient in severe distress with wheezing and dyspnea is admitted to the emergency department and started on albuterol via small-volume jet nebulizer. Which of the following approaches would you recommend to assess this therapy for this patient? 1) Perform arterial blood gas analysis. 2) Continuously monitor the SpO₂. 3) Assess breath sounds and vital signs before and after each treatment. 4) Measure peak expiratory flow rate or forced expiratory volume in 1 sec before and after each treatment.

Which of the following make small-volume ultrasonic drug delivery systems different from their large-volume counterparts? 1) They do not use a couplant compartment. 2) Drugs are placed directly on the transducer. 3) Battery power is available on some units. 4) Patient flow, not a blower, carries the aerosol.

Most of the spray generated by the majority of metered dose inhalers consists of which of the following?

Which of the following drug formulation characteristics affect the performance of small-volume jet nebulizers? 1) Homogeneity 2) Surface tension 3) Viscosity 4) Potency

To minimize the risk of infection associated with aerosol drug therapy, what should you do? 1) Sterilize nebulizers between patients. 2) Frequently replace in-use units. 3) Rinse nebulizers with sterile water.

What is the recommended dosage for continuous bronchodilator therapy (CBT)?

What is the primary hazard of aerosol drug therapy?

A physician wants to deliver a therapeutic aerosol to the central and lower airways. To help ensure maximum deposition in this area, you would select an aerosol generator with an MMAD in what range?

Which of the following methods can be used to minimize the harmful effects of environmental exposure to ribavirin or pentamidine aerosols? 1) Use an isolation booth or tent with HEPA filtered exhaust. 2) Have health care personnel wear a HEPA filtered mask. 3) Use a negative pressure room with adequate air exchange.

After actuating a metered dose inhaler with a holding chamber, what should the patient be instructed to do?

Which of the following is the effect of aerosol particles entrained into a warm and fully saturated gas stream?