Question 1

The mass of aerosol particles produced by a nebulizer in a given unit time best describes which quality of the aerosol?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stability 
B)  Density 
C)  Output 
D)  Deposition 
A)  Stability 
B)  Density 
C)  Output 
D)  Deposition

Question 2

In a dose-response assessment of a patient's response to a metered dose inhaler bronchodilator, when would you stop increasing the dose?
1) When the peak expiratory flow rate improves less than 10% to 15%
2) When tachycardia occurs
3) When tremors are evident
4) When 6 to 8 puffs are delivered

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2, and 3 only 
B) 1, 3, and 4 only 
C) 2, 3, and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4 
A) 1, 2, and 3 only 
B) 1, 3, and 4 only 
C) 2, 3, and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Question 3

Which of the following devices depends on the patient's inspiratory effort to dispense the dose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Small-volume jet nebulizers 
B)  Metered dose inhaler 
C)  Dry powder inhaler 
D)  Soft mist inhaler 
A)  Small-volume jet nebulizers 
B)  Metered dose inhaler 
C)  Dry powder inhaler 
D)  Soft mist inhaler

Question 4

With which of the following devices are therapeutic aerosols generated?
1) Atomizers
2) Nebulizers
3) Humidifiers
4) Soft mist inhalers

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2, and 4 only 
B) 1 and 4 only 
C) 2 and 3 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4 
A) 1, 2, and 4 only 
B) 1 and 4 only 
C) 2 and 3 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Question 5

Advantages of the dry powder inhaler (DPI) drug delivery systems include which of the following?
1) Low relative cost
2) No propellants required
3) No hand-breath coordination necessary
4) Unaffected by humidity

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only 
A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only

Question 6

Which of the following are beneficial effects of using a holding chamber with a metered dose inhaler (MDI)?
1) Reduction in oropharyngeal aerosol deposition
2) Decrease in need for hand-breath coordination
3) Elimination of medication waste

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 1 and 3 only 
C) 2 and 3 only 
D) 1, 2, and 3 
A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 1 and 3 only 
C) 2 and 3 only 
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 7

Which of the following describes the mass of drug leaving the mouthpiece of a nebulizer as aerosol?

Accepted Answer

A)  Single dose 
B)  Emitted dose 
C)  Multiple dose 
D)  Output dose 
A)  Single dose 
B)  Emitted dose 
C)  Multiple dose 
D)  Output dose

Question 8

To decrease the likelihood of an opportunistic yeast or fungal infection associated with metered dose inhaler (MDI) steroids, what would you recommend that a patient does?
1) Cut in half the number of puffs or treatments.
2) Use a spacer or holding chamber.
3) Rinse the mouth after each treatment.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 1 and 3 only 
C) 2 and 3 only 
D) 1, 2, and 3 
A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 1 and 3 only 
C) 2 and 3 only 
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 9

After administering 12 puffs of metered dose inhaler (MDI) albuterol to an acutely ill asthmatic patient in the emergency department, assessment indicates no significant improvement in symptoms. Which of the following would you now recommend?

Accepted Answer

A)  Switch over to high-dose MDI steroids. 
B)  Discontinue the bronchodilator therapy. 
C)  Use continuous bronchodilator therapy. 
D)  Switch over to an anticholinergic agent. 
A)  Switch over to high-dose MDI steroids. 
B)  Discontinue the bronchodilator therapy. 
C)  Use continuous bronchodilator therapy. 
D)  Switch over to an anticholinergic agent.

Question 10

On the average, what is the range of the actual pulmonary deposition of small-volume jet nebulizer aerosolized drugs in intubated patients receiving mechanical ventilation?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.5% to 3.0% 
B)  3.5% to 6.0% 
C)  6.5% to 9.0% 
D)  9.5% to 15.0% 
A)  1.5% to 3.0% 
B)  3.5% to 6.0% 
C)  6.5% to 9.0% 
D)  9.5% to 15.0%

Question 11

Which of the following techniques will increase aerosol deposition by sedimentation in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

A)  High inspiratory flow 
B)  Short inspiratory time 
C)  10-sec breath-hold 
D)  Short expiratory time 
A)  High inspiratory flow 
B)  Short inspiratory time 
C)  10-sec breath-hold 
D)  Short expiratory time

Question 12

To minimize a patient's infection risk between drug treatments with a small-volume jet nebulizer (SVN), what would you do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rinse the SVN with sterile water; air dry. 
B)  Carefully repackage the SVN in its wet state. 
C)  Rinse the SVN with tap water; run until dry. 
D)  Throw out the SVN after every treatment. 
A)  Rinse the SVN with sterile water; air dry. 
B)  Carefully repackage the SVN in its wet state. 
C)  Rinse the SVN with tap water; run until dry. 
D)  Throw out the SVN after every treatment.

Question 13

On the average, what percentage of an aerosol drug delivery device's output actually deposits in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Less than 10% 
B)  10% 
C)  20% 
D)  30% 
A)  Less than 10% 
B)  10% 
C)  20% 
D)  30%

Question 14

A typical metered dose inhaler produces which of the following particle distributions?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 to 6-µm mean mass aerodynamic diameter (MMA
D)  
B)  1- to 3-µm MMAD 
C)  6- to 9-µm MMAD 
D)  Less than 1-µm MMAD 
A)  2 to 6-µm mean mass aerodynamic diameter (MMA
D)  
B)  1- to 3-µm MMAD 
C)  6- to 9-µm MMAD 
D)  Less than 1-µm MMAD

Question 15

Proper use of a dry powder inhaler (DPI) requires that the patient be able to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Generate inspiratory flows of 60 L/min or higher. 
B)  Exhale forcibly through the device before drug delivery. 
C)  Inhale slowly (<0.5 L/sec) and perform a breath-hold. 
D)  Coordinate firing of the DPI with inspiration. 
A)  Generate inspiratory flows of 60 L/min or higher. 
B)  Exhale forcibly through the device before drug delivery. 
C)  Inhale slowly (<0.5 L/sec) and perform a breath-hold. 
D)  Coordinate firing of the DPI with inspiration.

Question 16

Which of the following is false about changes in aerosol suspensions over time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Liquid aerosol particles can shrink (evaporation) or grow (water absorption). 
B)  The rate of particle growth is directly proportional to particle size. 
C)  Small water-based particles tend to shrink when exposed to dry gas. 
D)  Aerosols of water-soluble salts tend to grow in a humidified environment. 
A)  Liquid aerosol particles can shrink (evaporation) or grow (water absorption). 
B)  The rate of particle growth is directly proportional to particle size. 
C)  Small water-based particles tend to shrink when exposed to dry gas. 
D)  Aerosols of water-soluble salts tend to grow in a humidified environment.

Question 17

When assessing a patient's response to bronchodilator therapy, you notice a decrease in wheezing accompanied by an overall decrease in the intensity of breath sounds. Which of the following is most likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increasing airway obstruction 
B)  Improving ventilation/perfusion ratio (V/Q) 
C)  Decreasing airway obstruction 
D)  Deteriorating oxygenation 
A)  Increasing airway obstruction 
B)  Improving ventilation/perfusion ratio (V/Q) 
C)  Decreasing airway obstruction 
D)  Deteriorating oxygenation

Question 18

A physician wants to deliver a therapeutic aerosol to the upper airway (nose, larynx, trachea). To help ensure maximum deposition in this area, you would select an aerosol generator with an MMAD in what range?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 to 50 µm 
B)  2 to 5 µm 
C)  1 to 3 µm 
D)  Less than 1 µm 
A)  5 to 50 µm 
B)  2 to 5 µm 
C)  1 to 3 µm 
D)  Less than 1 µm

Question 19

In selecting the appropriate aerosol drug delivery device for a given patient, what must you consider?
1) Available drug formulation(s)
2) Desired site of deposition
3) Patient's characteristics
4) Patient's preference

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 1 and 3 only 
C) 2 and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4 
A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 1 and 3 only 
C) 2 and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Question 20

When assessing a patient's response to bronchodilator therapy, you notice a decrease in wheezing accompanied by an overall increase in the intensity of breath sounds. Which of the following is most likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increasing airway obstruction 
B)  Improving 
C)  Decreasing airway obstruction 
D)  Deteriorating oxygenation 
A)  Increasing airway obstruction 
B)  Improving 
C)  Decreasing airway obstruction 
D)  Deteriorating oxygenation

Exam 39: Aerosol Drug Therapy

The mass of aerosol particles produced by a nebulizer in a given unit time best describes which quality of the aerosol?

In a dose-response assessment of a patient's response to a metered dose inhaler bronchodilator, when would you stop increasing the dose? 1) When the peak expiratory flow rate improves less than 10% to 15% 2) When tachycardia occurs 3) When tremors are evident 4) When 6 to 8 puffs are delivered

Which of the following devices depends on the patient's inspiratory effort to dispense the dose?

With which of the following devices are therapeutic aerosols generated? 1) Atomizers 2) Nebulizers 3) Humidifiers 4) Soft mist inhalers

Advantages of the dry powder inhaler (DPI) drug delivery systems include which of the following? 1) Low relative cost 2) No propellants required 3) No hand-breath coordination necessary 4) Unaffected by humidity

Which of the following are beneficial effects of using a holding chamber with a metered dose inhaler (MDI)? 1) Reduction in oropharyngeal aerosol deposition 2) Decrease in need for hand-breath coordination 3) Elimination of medication waste

Which of the following describes the mass of drug leaving the mouthpiece of a nebulizer as aerosol?

To decrease the likelihood of an opportunistic yeast or fungal infection associated with metered dose inhaler (MDI) steroids, what would you recommend that a patient does? 1) Cut in half the number of puffs or treatments. 2) Use a spacer or holding chamber. 3) Rinse the mouth after each treatment.

After administering 12 puffs of metered dose inhaler (MDI) albuterol to an acutely ill asthmatic patient in the emergency department, assessment indicates no significant improvement in symptoms. Which of the following would you now recommend?

On the average, what is the range of the actual pulmonary deposition of small-volume jet nebulizer aerosolized drugs in intubated patients receiving mechanical ventilation?

Which of the following techniques will increase aerosol deposition by sedimentation in the lungs?

To minimize a patient's infection risk between drug treatments with a small-volume jet nebulizer (SVN), what would you do?

On the average, what percentage of an aerosol drug delivery device's output actually deposits in the lungs?

A typical metered dose inhaler produces which of the following particle distributions?

Proper use of a dry powder inhaler (DPI) requires that the patient be able to do which of the following?

Which of the following is false about changes in aerosol suspensions over time?

When assessing a patient's response to bronchodilator therapy, you notice a decrease in wheezing accompanied by an overall decrease in the intensity of breath sounds. Which of the following is most likely?

A physician wants to deliver a therapeutic aerosol to the upper airway (nose, larynx, trachea). To help ensure maximum deposition in this area, you would select an aerosol generator with an MMAD in what range?

In selecting the appropriate aerosol drug delivery device for a given patient, what must you consider? 1) Available drug formulation(s) 2) Desired site of deposition 3) Patient's characteristics 4) Patient's preference

When assessing a patient's response to bronchodilator therapy, you notice a decrease in wheezing accompanied by an overall increase in the intensity of breath sounds. Which of the following is most likely?

History of Respiratory Care

Delivering Evidence-Based Respiratory Care

Quality, Patient Safety, and Communication, and Recordkeeping

Principles of Infection Prevention and Control

Ethical and Legal Implications of Practice

Physical Principles of Respiratory Care

E-Medicine in Respiratory Care

Fundamentals of Respiratory Care Research

The Respiratory System

The Cardiovascular System

Ventilation

Gas Exchange and Transport

Solutions, Body Fluids, and Electrolytes

Acid-Base Balance

Regulation of Breathing

Bedside Assessment of the Patient

Interpreting Clinical and Laboratory Data

Interpreting the Electrocardiogram

Analysis and Monitoring of Gas Exchange

Pulmonary Function Testing

Review of Thoracic Imaging

Flexible Bronchoscopy and the Respiratory Therapist

Nutrition Assessment

Pulmonary Infections

Obstructive Lung Disease: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Copd, Asthma, and Related Diseases

Interstitial Lung Disease

Pleural Diseases

Pulmonary Vascular Disease

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Trauma, Burns and Near Drowning

Lung Cancer

Neuromuscular and Other Diseases of the Chest Wall

Disorders of Sleep

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Disorders

Airway Pharmacology

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Emergency Cardiovascular Life Support

Humidity and Bland Aerosol Therapy

Storage and Delivery of Medical Gases

Medical Gas Therapy

Lung Expansion Therapy

Airway Clearance Therapy Act

Respiratory Failure and the Need for Ventilatory Support

Mechanical Ventilators

Physiology of Ventilatory Support

Patient Ventilator Interaction

Initiating and Adjusting Invasive Ventilatory Support

Noninvasive Ventilation

Extracorporeal Life Support Ecls

Monitoring the Patient in the Intensive Care Unit

Discontinuing Ventilatory Support

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care

Patient Education and Health Promotion

Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation

Respiratory Care in Alternative Settings

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