Exam 42: Lung Expansion Therapy

How can the transpulmonary pressure gradient be increased? 1) Increasing alveolar pressure 2) Decreasing pleural pressure 3) Decreasing transthoracic pressure

A postoperative patient using incentive spirometry complains of dizziness and numbness around the mouth after therapy sessions. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?

Which of the following is FALSE about flow-oriented incentive spirometry devices?

What is the optimal breathing pattern for intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) treatment of atelectasis?

What is the most common complication associated with intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB)?

The short-term application of inspiratory positive pressure to a spontaneously breathing patient best defines which of the following?

Lung expansion methods that increase the transpulmonary pressure gradients by increasing alveolar pressure include which of the following? 1) Incentive spirometry (IS) 2) Positive end-expiration pressure therapy 3) Intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) 4) Expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP)

In administering intermittent positive-pressure breathing therapy, which of the following breathing patterns would be most desirable?

Which of the following parameters should be evaluated after intermittent positive-pressure breathing therapy? 1) Vital signs 2) Sensorium 3) Breath sounds 4) Temperature

A surgeon writes an order for lung expansion therapy for a 28-year-old 110-lb woman who has undergone lower abdominal surgery. In evaluating this patient at the bedside, you obtain a VC of 800 ml and an IC of 44% predicted. Although a chest radiograph indicates basal atelectasis, she has no problem with retained secretions. What lung expansion treatment would you recommend?

Which of the following clinical findings indicate the development of atelectasis? 1) Opacified areas on the chest x-ray film 2) Inspiratory and expiratory wheezing 3) Tachypnea 4) Diminished or bronchial breath sounds

Which of the following will make an intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) device cycle off prematurely? 1) Airflow obstructed 2) Kinked tubing 3) Occluded mouthpiece 4) Active resistance to inhalation

Which of the outcomes would indicate improvement in a patient previously diagnosed with atelectasis who has been receiving incentive spirometry? 1) Improved PaO₂ 2) Decreased respiratory rate 3) Improved chest radiograph 4) Decreased forced vital capacity (FVC)

Which of the following are potential contraindications for intermittent positive-pressure breathing? 1) Hemodynamic instability 2) Recent esophageal surgery 3) Tension pneumothorax 4) Neuromuscular disorders

Which of the following possesses the most significant risk for hypoventilation?

While monitoring a patient receiving +12 cm H₂O flow-mask continuous positive airway pressure, you note that the pressure drops to +6 cm H₂O during inspiration, but returns to +12 cm H₂O during exhalation. Which of the following would likely correct this problem?

Which of the following statements are true about intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB)? 1) IPPB could cause lung overinflation. 2) IPPB could cause no expansion of regions affected by secretions. 3) Bronchial hygiene must be used in conjunction with IPPB to adequately manage secretions. 4) IPPB should be the single treatment modality for gas absorption atelectasis.

Which of the following is not a potential hazard of intermittent positive-pressure breathing?

A 59-year-old COPD patient comes to the hospital with upper abdominal surgery. The physician diagnoses the patient with pulmonary atelectasis. The patient has a vital capacity of 25 ml/kg. Which of the following lung expansion therapy will you recommend to assist this patient's atelectasis?

Which of the following patient categories are at high risk for developing atelectasis? 1. Those who are heavily sedated 2. Those with abdominal or thoracic pain 3. Those with neuromuscular disorders