Question 1

Which of the following explains how acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) lowers the viscosity of mucus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Breaking down DNA 
B)  Increasing the osmolarity of the mucus and pulling water into it 
C)  Changing the pH of the mucus, causing it to break down 
D)  Substituting its sulfhydryl group for disulfide bonds and breaking a portion of the bond forming the gel structure 
A)  Breaking down DNA 
B)  Increasing the osmolarity of the mucus and pulling water into it 
C)  Changing the pH of the mucus, causing it to break down 
D)  Substituting its sulfhydryl group for disulfide bonds and breaking a portion of the bond forming the gel structure D

Question 2

Which of the following lung availability/total systemic availability (L/T) ratios is consistent with an efficient aerosol delivery?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.46 
B)  0.23 
C)  0.1 
D)  0.6 
A)  0.46 
B)  0.23 
C)  0.1 
D)  0.6 D

Question 3

Which of the following are considered an aerosolized antiinfective agent?
1) Pentamidine
2) Ribavirin
3) Tobramycin
4) Amikacin

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only 
A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only B

Question 4

Which of the following are mucoactive agents currently approved for inhalation in the United States?
1) Tryptase alfa
2) Dornase alfa
3) Hyperosmolar saline
4) Mucomyst

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only 
A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only

Question 5

Proventil and Ventolin are brand names for which of the following beta-adrenergic bronchodilators?

Accepted Answer

A)  Albuterol 
B)  Levalbuterol 
C)  Vilanterol 
D)  Arformoterol 
A)  Albuterol 
B)  Levalbuterol 
C)  Vilanterol 
D)  Arformoterol

Question 6

Bland aerosols are best classified as:

Accepted Answer

A)  mucolytics. 
B)  bronchodilators. 
C)  expectorants. 
D)  mucoactive therapy. 
A)  mucolytics. 
B)  bronchodilators. 
C)  expectorants. 
D)  mucoactive therapy.

Question 7

Pharmacologic control of the airway is mediated by receptors found on which of the following structures?
1) Smooth muscle
2) Secretory cells
3) Blood vessels
4) Alveolar epithelium

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only 
A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only

Question 8

Adrenergic bronchodilators improve flow rates for which of the following diseases?
1) Asthma
2) Acute bronchitis
3) Chronic bronchitis
4) Pulmonary fibrosis

Accepted Answer

A) 1 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 2, 3, and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4 
A) 1 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 2, 3, and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Question 9

Which of the following anticholinergics is poorly ionized?

Accepted Answer

A)  Atropine 
B)  Ipratropium bromide 
C)  Tiotropium bromide 
D)  Aclidinium bromide 
A)  Atropine 
B)  Ipratropium bromide 
C)  Tiotropium bromide 
D)  Aclidinium bromide

Question 10

Which of the following phases constitute the course of drug action from dose to effect?
1) Drug administration
2) Pharmacognosy
3) Pharmacokinetic
4) Pharmacodynamic

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2, and 3 only 
B) 1, 3, and 4 only 
C) 2, 3, and 4 only 
D) 2 and 4 only 
A) 1, 2, and 3 only 
B) 1, 3, and 4 only 
C) 2, 3, and 4 only 
D) 2 and 4 only

Question 11

Which of the following is true about the use of ribavirin?
1) It is used as an antiviral agent against respiratory syncytial virus.
2) It is delivered via a Respirgard unit.
3) Adverse effects include skin rash, conjunctivitis, and eyelid erythema.
4) It can occlude endotracheal tube and ventilator exhalation valves.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 3 and 4 only 
C) 1, 3, and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4 
A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 3 and 4 only 
C) 1, 3, and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Question 12

Which of the following prophylactic therapies is recommended to reduce the irritant effect of acetylcysteine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Administration of anticholinergics 
B)  Administration of dornase alfa 
C)  Administration of corticosteroids 
D)  Administration of adrenergic bronchodilator 
A)  Administration of anticholinergics 
B)  Administration of dornase alfa 
C)  Administration of corticosteroids 
D)  Administration of adrenergic bronchodilator

Question 13

Which phase describes the mechanism of drug action by which a drug causes its effects within the body through drug-receptor interactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pharmaceutical 
B)  Pharmacognosy 
C)  Pharmacokinetic 
D)  Pharmacodynamic 
A)  Pharmaceutical 
B)  Pharmacognosy 
C)  Pharmacokinetic 
D)  Pharmacodynamic

Question 14

What is the name of the enzyme responsible for the short duration of action of catecholamine bronchodilators?

Accepted Answer

A)  Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) 
B)  Epinephrine dismutase 
C)  EDTA 
D)  Hyaluronidase 
A)  Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) 
B)  Epinephrine dismutase 
C)  EDTA 
D)  Hyaluronidase

Question 15

What is the duration of action for the formulation of ipratropium bromide plus albuterol sulfate (DuoNeb)?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 to 6 hr 
B)  6 to 8 hr 
C)  8 to 10 hr 
D)  12 hr 
A)  4 to 6 hr 
B)  6 to 8 hr 
C)  8 to 10 hr 
D)  12 hr

Question 16

Which one or more of the following devices are used in combination with metered dose inhaler (MDI) therapy to reduce the need for hand-breathing coordination and oropharyngeal impaction of aerosolized drugs?
1) Reservoir devices
2) One-way spacers
3) Valved holding chambers
4) Drying chambers

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only 
A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only

Question 17

Which of the following is true about the use of tobramycin?
1) It is primarily used by patients with cystic fibrosis.
2) It is intended to manage chronic infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
3) It prevents deterioration of lung function due to recurrent infections.
4) It has very good lung bioavailability.
5) It is associated with a high rate of bacterial resistance.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 3 and 5 only 
C) 1, 2, 3, and 5 only 
D) 1, 2, 4, and 5 only 
A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 3 and 5 only 
C) 1, 2, 3, and 5 only 
D) 1, 2, 4, and 5 only

Question 18

What is the brand name of the (R)-isomer of formoterol?

Accepted Answer

A)  Foradil 
B)  Survanta 
C)  Brovana 
D)  Performist 
A)  Foradil 
B)  Survanta 
C)  Brovana 
D)  Performist

Question 19

Which of the following are side effects of dornase alfa administration?
1) Allergic reactions due to antibody production in the patient against dornase alfa
2) Chest pain
3) Rash
4) Laryngitis

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2, and 3 only 
B) 1, 3, and 4 only 
C) 2, 3, and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4 
A) 1, 2, and 3 only 
B) 1, 3, and 4 only 
C) 2, 3, and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Question 20

Which of the following should be assessed during the administration of mucolytic agents?
1) Breathing pattern and rate
2) Monitoring peak flow changes
3) Patient's reaction to treatment
4) Monitoring for presence of hydrogen sulfide (a rotten egg odor), which means that the acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) is no longer active

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 2, 3, and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4 
A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 2, 3, and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Exam 35: Airway Pharmacology

Which of the following explains how acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) lowers the viscosity of mucus?

Which of the following lung availability/total systemic availability (L/T) ratios is consistent with an efficient aerosol delivery?

Which of the following are considered an aerosolized antiinfective agent? 1) Pentamidine 2) Ribavirin 3) Tobramycin 4) Amikacin

Which of the following are mucoactive agents currently approved for inhalation in the United States? 1) Tryptase alfa 2) Dornase alfa 3) Hyperosmolar saline 4) Mucomyst

Proventil and Ventolin are brand names for which of the following beta-adrenergic bronchodilators?

Bland aerosols are best classified as:

Pharmacologic control of the airway is mediated by receptors found on which of the following structures? 1) Smooth muscle 2) Secretory cells 3) Blood vessels 4) Alveolar epithelium

Adrenergic bronchodilators improve flow rates for which of the following diseases? 1) Asthma 2) Acute bronchitis 3) Chronic bronchitis 4) Pulmonary fibrosis

Which of the following anticholinergics is poorly ionized?

Which of the following phases constitute the course of drug action from dose to effect? 1) Drug administration 2) Pharmacognosy 3) Pharmacokinetic 4) Pharmacodynamic

Which of the following prophylactic therapies is recommended to reduce the irritant effect of acetylcysteine?

Which phase describes the mechanism of drug action by which a drug causes its effects within the body through drug-receptor interactions?

What is the name of the enzyme responsible for the short duration of action of catecholamine bronchodilators?

What is the duration of action for the formulation of ipratropium bromide plus albuterol sulfate (DuoNeb)?

Which one or more of the following devices are used in combination with metered dose inhaler (MDI) therapy to reduce the need for hand-breathing coordination and oropharyngeal impaction of aerosolized drugs? 1) Reservoir devices 2) One-way spacers 3) Valved holding chambers 4) Drying chambers

What is the brand name of the (R)-isomer of formoterol?

Which of the following are side effects of dornase alfa administration? 1) Allergic reactions due to antibody production in the patient against dornase alfa 2) Chest pain 3) Rash 4) Laryngitis

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