Exam 36: Airway Management

Which of the following conditions require emergency tracheal intubation? 1) Upper airway or laryngeal edema 2) Loss of protective reflexes 3) Cardiopulmonary arrest 4) Traumatic upper airway obstruction

For which of the following reasons is atropine often used during fiberoptic bronchoscopy? 1) To dry the patient's airway 2) To decrease vagal responses 3) To provide topical anesthesia

Before beginning an intubation procedure, the practitioner should check and confirm the operation of which of the following? 1) Laryngoscope light source 2) Endotracheal tube cuff 3) Suction equipment 4) Cardiac defibrillator

What is the primary indication for tracheostomy?

A patient with a tracheal airway exhibits severe respiratory distress. On quick examination, you notice the complete absence of breath sounds and no gas flowing through the airway. What is most likely the problem?

During fiberoptic bronchoscopy, a patient's SpO₂ drops from 91% to 87%. Which of the following actions would be appropriate? 1) Apply suction through the scope's open channel. 2) Give oxygen through the scope's open channel. 3) Increase the cannula or mask oxygen flow.

A patient is being evaluated for tracheal damage sustained while having undergone prolonged tracheostomy intubation approximately 3 months earlier. The flow-volume loop demonstrates a fixed obstructive pattern. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

A patient exhibits persistent mild hypoxemia after a fiberoptic bronchoscopy procedure. Which of the following would you recommend?

When using capnometry or colorimetry to differentiate esophageal from tracheal placement of an endotracheal tube, which of the following conditions can result in a false-negative finding (i.e., no CO₂ present even when the tube is in the trachea)?

What is the purpose of a tracheostomy tube obturator?

To avoid the risk of aspiration after a fiberoptic bronchoscopy procedure, what would you recommend that the patient do?

Compared with the oral route, the advantages of nasal intubation include which of the following? 1) Reduced risk of kinking 2) Less retching and gagging 3) Less accidental extubation 4) Greater long-term comfort

Lower airway anesthesia for fiberoptic bronchoscopy can be achieved via which of the following routes of administration? 1) Bronchoscopic instillation 2) Intravenous administration 3) Nebulization (aerosol delivery)

To maintain positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) and high FiO₂ when suctioning a mechanically ventilated patient, what would you recommend?

Which of the following equipment is needed to perform nasotracheal suctioning? 1) Suction kit (catheter, gloves, basin, etc.) 2) Laryngoscope with MacIntosh and Miller blades 3) Oxygen delivery system (mask and manual resuscitator) 4) Bottle of sterile water or saline solution

You are assisting a physician in the emergency care of a patient with a maxillofacial injury who will require short-term ventilatory support. Which of the following airway approaches would you recommend?

An adult man on ventilatory support has just been intubated with a 7-mm oral endotracheal tube equipped with a high-residual-volume, low-pressure cuff. When sealing the cuff to achieve a minimal occluding volume, you note a cuff pressure of 45 cm H₂O. What is most likely the problem?

What is the normal range of negative pressure to use when suctioning an adult patient?

When using a bulb-type esophageal detection device (EDD) during an intubation attempt, how do you know that the endotracheal tube is in the esophagus?

What size endotracheal tube would you select to intubate a 1500-g newborn infant?