Exam 13: Solutions, Body Fluids, and Electrolytes

Clinical signs of hypokalemia would include which of the following? 1) Cardiac arrest 2) Electrocardiogram abnormalities 3) Muscle weakness 4) Paralysis

What is the gEq weight of an acid?

Which of the following would cause an abnormal loss of Na⁺ (hyponatremia)? 1) Ascites 2) Excessive sweating or fever 3) Use of certain diuretics 4) Steroid therapy

According to the Starling equilibrium equation, which of the following will facilitate fluid filtration from the capillaries into the interstitial space?

What can cause hypochloremia? 1) Diuretics 2) Gastrointestinal loss 3) Metabolic acidosis

What is a normal range for serum sodium?

What is a normal range for serum Cl^-?

What is the net effect of the hydrostatic pressure gradient between the capillary and interstitial space?

Which of the following is a facet of blood proteins?

Pick the statement that best describes the relationship between infants and their body fluids.

Where does ammonia play its most important role as a base buffer?

Patients with what condition are prone to evaporative water loss through the lungs? 1) Artificial airways 2) Hypothermia 3) Increased ventilation

Intracellular water represents approximately what proportion of total body water?

In which of the following types of solutions is the relationship of solute to solvent expressed as a proportion?

What is a uniform distribution of large molecules that attract and hold water?

A solution holding the maximum amount of solute in a given volume at a constant temperature is said to be what?

What is hypercalcemia most often associated with?

Insensible water loss occurs through what organs? 1) Gastrointestinal tract 2) Kidneys 3) Lungs 4) Skin

What is the normal range for serum phosphate?

What is the effect of osmotic pressure on solutions of different solute concentrations, separated by a semipermeable membrane?