Question 1

The founder principle explains how rare alleles may become more common in new

Accepted Answer

A) populations. 
B) clines. 
C) bottleneck areas. 
D) migratory areas. 
E) genomes. 
A) populations. 
B) clines. 
C) bottleneck areas. 
D) migratory areas. 
E) genomes.

Question 2

A locus with more variation than can be explained by mutation is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) dominant. 
B) polynomial. 
C) polymorphiC. 
D) heterozygous. 
E) somatic. 
A) dominant. 
B) polynomial. 
C) polymorphiC. 
D) heterozygous. 
E) somatic.

Question 3

The genotype frequencies in a population with no evolution occurring are AA = 0.25,Aa = 0.5,aa = 0.25.By removing all AA individuals before they reproduce and assuming the population will remain under Hardy-Weinberg conditions,what will be the frequency of aa individuals in the next generation?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.25 
B) 0.33 
C) 0.5 
D) 0.67 
E) 0.75 
A) 0.25 
B) 0.33 
C) 0.5 
D) 0.67 
E) 0.75

Question 4

Features that increase the likelihood of survival and reproduction by an organism in a particular environment are called

Accepted Answer

A) genes. 
B) fitness. 
C) mutations. 
D) adaptations. 
E) selection. 
A) genes. 
B) fitness. 
C) mutations. 
D) adaptations. 
E) selection.

Question 5

If the frequency of an autosomal recessive trait in humans is 1 out of 4000 births,what would be the expected frequency of heterozygote carriers for the trait if we assume that the gene is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.00025 
B) 0.0158 
C) 0.031 
D) 0.969 
E) 0.984 
A) 0.00025 
B) 0.0158 
C) 0.031 
D) 0.969 
E) 0.984

Question 6

A restriction in genetic variability caused by a drastic reduction in population size is called a

Accepted Answer

A) founder effect. 
B) Hardy-Weinberg effect. 
C) bottleneck effect. 
D) polymorphic effect. 
E) adaptive effect. 
A) founder effect. 
B) Hardy-Weinberg effect. 
C) bottleneck effect. 
D) polymorphic effect. 
E) adaptive effect.

Question 7

In directional selection,over time

Accepted Answer

A) a population goes extinct. 
B) the most extreme outliers of a population are eliminated (e.g. ,the largest beaks and smallest beaks are eliminated). 
C) the population is strongly selected for in one direction (e.g. ,larger beak size). 
D) the population is strongly selected for in two directions (e.g. ,larger beak size and smaller beak size). 
E) a population increases its variation (E.g. ,a wide selection of all beak sizes). 
A) a population goes extinct. 
B) the most extreme outliers of a population are eliminated (e.g. ,the largest beaks and smallest beaks are eliminated). 
C) the population is strongly selected for in one direction (e.g. ,larger beak size). 
D) the population is strongly selected for in two directions (e.g. ,larger beak size and smaller beak size). 
E) a population increases its variation (E.g. ,a wide selection of all beak sizes).

Question 8

Which of the following would be expected to produce the smallest evolutionary change in a given period of time in a population of birds?

Accepted Answer

A) mutation 
B) natural selection 
C) migration 
D) assortive mating 
E) gene flow 
A) mutation 
B) natural selection 
C) migration 
D) assortive mating 
E) gene flow

Question 9

What percentage of the enzyme loci of a typical human being are heterozygous?

Accepted Answer

A) 1% 
B) 5% 
C) 10% 
D) 50% 
E) 100% 
A) 1% 
B) 5% 
C) 10% 
D) 50% 
E) 100%

Question 10

The California populations of the Northern elephant seal are descendants from a very small population of seals that was over-hunted in the 1890s.Heterozygosity in this population would be expected to be ________ due to ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) slight;a bottleneck effect 
B) slight;the founder effect 
C) great;disruptive selection 
D) great;a bottleneck effect 
E) great;assortive mating 
A) slight;a bottleneck effect 
B) slight;the founder effect 
C) great;disruptive selection 
D) great;a bottleneck effect 
E) great;assortive mating

Question 11

Both extremes of an array of phenotypes are favored.

Accepted Answer

A) directional selection 
B) stabilizing selection 
C) disruptive selection 
D) guppies with pike cichlids and killifish 
E) guppies with killifish 
A) directional selection 
B) stabilizing selection 
C) disruptive selection 
D) guppies with pike cichlids and killifish 
E) guppies with killifish

Exam 20: Genes Within Populations

The founder principle explains how rare alleles may become more common in new

A locus with more variation than can be explained by mutation is referred to as

The genotype frequencies in a population with no evolution occurring are AA = 0.25,Aa = 0.5,aa = 0.25.By removing all AA individuals before they reproduce and assuming the population will remain under Hardy-Weinberg conditions,what will be the frequency of aa individuals in the next generation?

Features that increase the likelihood of survival and reproduction by an organism in a particular environment are called

If the frequency of an autosomal recessive trait in humans is 1 out of 4000 births,what would be the expected frequency of heterozygote carriers for the trait if we assume that the gene is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

A restriction in genetic variability caused by a drastic reduction in population size is called a

In directional selection,over time

Which of the following would be expected to produce the smallest evolutionary change in a given period of time in a population of birds?

What percentage of the enzyme loci of a typical human being are heterozygous?

The California populations of the Northern elephant seal are descendants from a very small population of seals that was over-hunted in the 1890s.Heterozygosity in this population would be expected to be ________ due to ________________.

Both extremes of an array of phenotypes are favored.

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The California populations of the Northern elephant seal are descendants from a very small population of seals that was over-hunted in the 1890s.Heterozygosity in this population would be expected to be due to ________.