Question 1

______________ is the carrier molecule that transports oxygen through the circulatory system of vertebrates.

Accepted Answer

A) Hemocyanin 
B) Carbonic anhydrase 
C) Myoglobin 
D) Hemoglobin 
A) Hemocyanin 
B) Carbonic anhydrase 
C) Myoglobin 
D) Hemoglobin

Question 2

Which of these animals has one-way flow through its lungs,whereas all the others have two-way flow?

Accepted Answer

A) birds 
B) amphibians 
C) mammals 
D) reptiles 
A) birds 
B) amphibians 
C) mammals 
D) reptiles

Question 3

______________ are used for respiration by terrestrial vertebrates.

Accepted Answer

A) Gills 
B) Moist skin surfaces 
C) Lungs 
D) Tracheal tubes 
A) Gills 
B) Moist skin surfaces 
C) Lungs 
D) Tracheal tubes

Question 4

Protruding papulae on the surface of echinoderms improve respiratory efficiency by _______.

Accepted Answer

A) decreasing the distance for diffusion 
B) increasing the surface area for diffusion 
C) increasing the concentration difference 
D) changing the diffusion constant 
A) decreasing the distance for diffusion 
B) increasing the surface area for diffusion 
C) increasing the concentration difference 
D) changing the diffusion constant

Question 5

Fick's law of diffusion states that the rate of diffusion across a membrane depends on all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) surface areA. 
B) concentration difference. 
C) distance. 
D) flow. 
E) the substance which is diffusing. 
A) surface areA. 
B) concentration difference. 
C) distance. 
D) flow. 
E) the substance which is diffusing.

Question 6

In emphysema,the aveoli are reduced in number and ________.

Accepted Answer

A) size 
B) elasticity 
C) stiffness 
D) connectivity 
A) size 
B) elasticity 
C) stiffness 
D) connectivity

Question 7

_____________ are used for respiration by aquatic vertebrates.

Accepted Answer

A) Lungs 
B) Tracheal tubes 
C) Moist skin surfaces 
D) Gills 
A) Lungs 
B) Tracheal tubes 
C) Moist skin surfaces 
D) Gills

Question 8

Which of these animals has the greatest respiratory efficiency?

Accepted Answer

A) insects 
B) reptiles 
C) birds 
D) mammals 
E) amphibians 
A) insects 
B) reptiles 
C) birds 
D) mammals 
E) amphibians

Question 9

Human cannot survive long at altitudes greater than 6000m because _________.

Accepted Answer

A) alveoli become too small at the lower atmospheric pressures 
B) the diffusion of O2 becomes too low at that atmospheric pressure 
C) the partial pressure of O2 becomes less than half that at sea level 
D) the diaphragm cannot be contracted enough to produce a full breath 
A) alveoli become too small at the lower atmospheric pressures 
B) the diffusion of O2 becomes too low at that atmospheric pressure 
C) the partial pressure of O2 becomes less than half that at sea level 
D) the diaphragm cannot be contracted enough to produce a full breath

Question 10

CO2 is more easily transferred into water through respiratory membranes compared to O2 because

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 is a smaller molecule than O2. 
B) CO2 moves faster than O2. 
C) CO2 is more soluble in water than O2. 
D) CO2 has a higher surface cohesion than O2. 
E) CO2 is a larger molecule than O2. 
A) CO2 is a smaller molecule than O2. 
B) CO2 moves faster than O2. 
C) CO2 is more soluble in water than O2. 
D) CO2 has a higher surface cohesion than O2. 
E) CO2 is a larger molecule than O2.

Question 11

The general term that describes the uptake of oxygen from the environment and the disposal of carbon dioxide at the body system level is

Accepted Answer

A) cellular respiration. 
B) inspiration. 
C) exhalation. 
D) respiration. 
E) diffusion. 
A) cellular respiration. 
B) inspiration. 
C) exhalation. 
D) respiration. 
E) diffusion.

Question 12

During exercise,the blood returning to a person's heart contains hemoglobin that is about ______ saturated.

Accepted Answer

A) 3% 
B) 22% 
C) 35% 
D) 75% 
E) 97% 
A) 3% 
B) 22% 
C) 35% 
D) 75% 
E) 97%

Question 13

Breathing 100% oxygen while in Los Angeles is likely to have what short term effect?

Accepted Answer

A) more hemoglobin will be loaded with oxygen 
B) no effect 
C) carbon dioxide concentration in the blood will lower 
D) hemoglobin unloading of oxygen will be impaired 
E) pH of the blood will decrease dramatically 
A) more hemoglobin will be loaded with oxygen 
B) no effect 
C) carbon dioxide concentration in the blood will lower 
D) hemoglobin unloading of oxygen will be impaired 
E) pH of the blood will decrease dramatically

Question 14

______________ are used for respiration by terrestrial insects.

Accepted Answer

A) Gills 
B) Moist skin surfaces 
C) Lungs 
D) Tracheal tubes 
A) Gills 
B) Moist skin surfaces 
C) Lungs 
D) Tracheal tubes

Question 15

What is the likely scenario triggering breathing in humans?

Accepted Answer

A) low blood pCO2 
B) high blood pCO2 
C) low blood pO2 
D) high blood pO2 
E) both low blood pO2 and high blood pCO2 
A) low blood pCO2 
B) high blood pCO2 
C) low blood pO2 
D) high blood pO2 
E) both low blood pO2 and high blood pCO2

Question 16

Each breath is initiated by neurons in the "respiratory control center" located in the

Accepted Answer

A) spinal cord. 
B) larynx. 
C) cerebellum. 
D) brain stem. 
A) spinal cord. 
B) larynx. 
C) cerebellum. 
D) brain stem.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a solute found in the plasma?

Accepted Answer

A) metabolites,wastes,and hormones 
B) ions 
C) albumins 
D) collagen 
E) globulins 
A) metabolites,wastes,and hormones 
B) ions 
C) albumins 
D) collagen 
E) globulins

Question 18

The axolotl,an aquatic amphibian,uses ______ for respiration.

Accepted Answer

A) internal gills 
B) external gills 
C) lungs 
D) wet skin 
A) internal gills 
B) external gills 
C) lungs 
D) wet skin

Question 19

The primary advantage of gills for gas exchange in aquatic organisms versus the body surface is that _________.

Accepted Answer

A) gills are located near the mouth 
B) gills contain a countercurrent exchange system 
C) gills have a much greater diffusion surface area 
D) gills increase resistance to movement 
A) gills are located near the mouth 
B) gills contain a countercurrent exchange system 
C) gills have a much greater diffusion surface area 
D) gills increase resistance to movement

Question 20

Within each lamella of the gill filaments,the blood flows _______________ compared to the water in what is called countercurrent flow.

Accepted Answer

A) in the same direction 
B) faster 
C) slower 
D) in the opposite direction 
A) in the same direction 
B) faster 
C) slower 
D) in the opposite direction

Exam 49: The Respiratory System

______________ is the carrier molecule that transports oxygen through the circulatory system of vertebrates.

Which of these animals has one-way flow through its lungs,whereas all the others have two-way flow?

______________ are used for respiration by terrestrial vertebrates.

Protruding papulae on the surface of echinoderms improve respiratory efficiency by _______.

Fick's law of diffusion states that the rate of diffusion across a membrane depends on all of the following except

In emphysema,the aveoli are reduced in number and ________.

_____________ are used for respiration by aquatic vertebrates.

Which of these animals has the greatest respiratory efficiency?

Human cannot survive long at altitudes greater than 6000m because _________.

CO2 is more easily transferred into water through respiratory membranes compared to O2 because

The general term that describes the uptake of oxygen from the environment and the disposal of carbon dioxide at the body system level is

During exercise,the blood returning to a person's heart contains hemoglobin that is about ______ saturated.

Breathing 100% oxygen while in Los Angeles is likely to have what short term effect?

______________ are used for respiration by terrestrial insects.

What is the likely scenario triggering breathing in humans?

Each breath is initiated by neurons in the "respiratory control center" located in the

Which of the following is not a solute found in the plasma?

The axolotl,an aquatic amphibian,uses ______ for respiration.

The primary advantage of gills for gas exchange in aquatic organisms versus the body surface is that _________.

Within each lamella of the gill filaments,the blood flows _______________ compared to the water in what is called countercurrent flow.

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes Mapping and the Meiosis - Inheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics and the Phylogenetic Revolution

Genome Evolution

Evolution of Development

The Tree of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

Protists

Overview of Green Plants

Fungi

Overview of Animal Diversity

Noncoelomate Invertebrates

Coelomate Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Form

Vegetative Plant Development

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

Plant Reproduction

The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Digestive System

The Circulatory System

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

The Reproductive System

Animal Development

Behavioral Biology

Population Ecology

Community of Ecology

Dynamics of Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Conservation Biology

CO₂ is more easily transferred into water through respiratory membranes compared to O₂ because