Question 1

Which one of the following statements about El Niño is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Occurrence of El Niño is irregular and unpredictable. 
B) The immediate effect of El Niño is a weakening in the east-to-west trade winds. 
C) Weakening in the trade winds results in more upwelling along the Peru-Ecuador coast. 
D) El Niño results in the movement of weather systems from the western Pacific eastwarD. 
E) El Niño events in the Pacific can influence weather as far away as Africa. 
A) Occurrence of El Niño is irregular and unpredictable. 
B) The immediate effect of El Niño is a weakening in the east-to-west trade winds. 
C) Weakening in the trade winds results in more upwelling along the Peru-Ecuador coast. 
D) El Niño results in the movement of weather systems from the western Pacific eastwarD. 
E) El Niño events in the Pacific can influence weather as far away as Africa.

Question 2

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
-Restricted by water availability;20 degrees to 30 degrees latitude;hot sunny days,cold nights;annuals;shrubs with long roots;succulents.

Accepted Answer

A) desert 
B) savanna 
C) taiga 
D) temperate grassland 
E) tropical rain forest 
A) desert 
B) savanna 
C) taiga 
D) temperate grassland 
E) tropical rain forest

Question 3

CO2 and other gases,which absorb the longer wavelengths of infrared light and radiated heat from Earth,are responsible in causing the _________.

Accepted Answer

A) ozone layer depletion 
B) greenhouse effect 
C) decreased biodiversity 
D) acid rain 
A) ozone layer depletion 
B) greenhouse effect 
C) decreased biodiversity 
D) acid rain

Question 4

About three-quarters of Earth is covered by _________ ecosystems.

Accepted Answer

A) freshwater 
B) terrestrial 
C) forested 
D) marine 
A) freshwater 
B) terrestrial 
C) forested 
D) marine

Question 5

Which one of the following would not be different if Earth did not rotate on its axis?

Accepted Answer

A) westerlies 
B) notheast trade winds 
C) southeast trade winds 
D) descent of air at 30$\circ$ N and 30$\circ$ S latitude 
E) coriolis effect 
A) westerlies 
B) notheast trade winds 
C) southeast trade winds 
D) descent of air at 30$\circ$ N and 30$\circ$ S latitude 
E) coriolis effect

Question 6

A protective covering shielding the Earth from harmful solar ultraviolet radiation;rapidly being depleted according to some scientists.

Accepted Answer

A) chlorofluorocarbons 
B) ozone layer 
C) carbon dioxide and sulfur 
D) coal,natural gas,oil 
E) plastics 
A) chlorofluorocarbons 
B) ozone layer 
C) carbon dioxide and sulfur 
D) coal,natural gas,oil 
E) plastics

Question 7

Fossil fuels that the developing countries are using at an alarming rate;can potentially produce greenhouse gas and acid rain.

Accepted Answer

A) chlorofluorocarbons 
B) ozone layer 
C) carbon dioxide and sulfur 
D) coal,natural gas,oil 
E) plastics 
A) chlorofluorocarbons 
B) ozone layer 
C) carbon dioxide and sulfur 
D) coal,natural gas,oil 
E) plastics

Question 8

Choose the letter of the best match from the following:
-Tropical;grassland with scattered trees;seasonally dry;nutrient poor soils;large grazing mammals.

Accepted Answer

A) desert 
B) savanna 
C) taiga 
D) temperate grassland 
E) tropical rain forest 
A) desert 
B) savanna 
C) taiga 
D) temperate grassland 
E) tropical rain forest

Question 9

The biome which contains at least half of Earth's plants and animals is the

Accepted Answer

A) desert. 
B) grassland. 
C) savanna. 
D) taiga forest. 
E) tropical rain forest. 
A) desert. 
B) grassland. 
C) savanna. 
D) taiga forest. 
E) tropical rain forest.

Question 10

The area of the ocean that is along the coasts of continents and islands,and less than 300 meters below the surface is called the

Accepted Answer

A) surface zone. 
B) abyssal zone. 
C) neritic zone. 
D) littoral zone. 
E) limnetic zonE. 
A) surface zone. 
B) abyssal zone. 
C) neritic zone. 
D) littoral zone. 
E) limnetic zonE.

Question 11

The abrupt change in water temperature of large lakes is called

Accepted Answer

A) thermocline. 
B) epilimnion. 
C) hypolimnion. 
D) eutrophication. 
E) oligotrophication. 
A) thermocline. 
B) epilimnion. 
C) hypolimnion. 
D) eutrophication. 
E) oligotrophication.

Question 12

Substances dissolving the ozone layer;largely discontinued in use.

Accepted Answer

A) chlorofluorocarbons 
B) ozone layer 
C) carbon dioxide and sulfur 
D) coal,natural gas,oil 
E) plastics 
A) chlorofluorocarbons 
B) ozone layer 
C) carbon dioxide and sulfur 
D) coal,natural gas,oil 
E) plastics

Question 13

Bacteria living symbiotically inside some of the animals clustered around deep-sea hydrothermal vents carry out

Accepted Answer

A) photosynthesis. 
B) chemosynthesis. 
C) reductive synthesis. 
D) oxidative synthesis. 
E) all of thesE. 
A) photosynthesis. 
B) chemosynthesis. 
C) reductive synthesis. 
D) oxidative synthesis. 
E) all of thesE.

Question 14

Periodic disturbances of the Pacific currents that seem to cause global weather changes are given the name

Accepted Answer

A) El Niño. 
B) gyrals. 
C) the Humboldt current. 
D) the Japan current. 
E) west equatorial drift. 
A) El Niño. 
B) gyrals. 
C) the Humboldt current. 
D) the Japan current. 
E) west equatorial drift.

Question 15

As the global concentration of carbon dioxide increases,the world's temperature is rising,with great potential direct impact on the world's __________.

Accepted Answer

A) climate 
B) biodiversity 
C) biogeochemistry 
D) ozone layer 
A) climate 
B) biodiversity 
C) biogeochemistry 
D) ozone layer

Question 16

Longer wavelengths of infrared light or heat are trapped to produce the so-called "greenhouse effect" by

Accepted Answer

A) carbon. 
B) nitrogen monoxide. 
C) carbon dioxide. 
D) ozone. 
E) sulfur. 
A) carbon. 
B) nitrogen monoxide. 
C) carbon dioxide. 
D) ozone. 
E) sulfur.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a savanna?

Accepted Answer

A) area of reduced annual precipitation 
B) open grassland with scattered shrubs and trees 
C) a transitional between a tropical rain forest and desert 
D) many of the plants and animals are active only during the day 
E) rainfall of 150 to 450 centimeters annually 
A) area of reduced annual precipitation 
B) open grassland with scattered shrubs and trees 
C) a transitional between a tropical rain forest and desert 
D) many of the plants and animals are active only during the day 
E) rainfall of 150 to 450 centimeters annually

Question 18

The distribution of biomes is dependent upon all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) available moisture. 
B) temperature. 
C) mountains and the irregular outlines of continents. 
D) distance from the oceans and elevation. 
E) a thermoclinE. 
A) available moisture. 
B) temperature. 
C) mountains and the irregular outlines of continents. 
D) distance from the oceans and elevation. 
E) a thermoclinE.

Question 19

Select the two biomes that are likely to be most adversely affected by global climate change.

Accepted Answer

A) tropical forest and temperate forest 
B) desert and savanna 
C) tundra and tiaga 
D) coral reefs and hydrothermal vents 
E) savanna and temperate grassland 
A) tropical forest and temperate forest 
B) desert and savanna 
C) tundra and tiaga 
D) coral reefs and hydrothermal vents 
E) savanna and temperate grassland

Question 20

The most serious and rapidly accelerating of all global environmental problems is the loss of

Accepted Answer

A) biodiversity. 
B) fossil fuels. 
C) fresh water. 
D) unused land for agriculture. 
E) small farms. 
A) biodiversity. 
B) fossil fuels. 
C) fresh water. 
D) unused land for agriculture. 
E) small farms.

Exam 59: The Biosphere

Which one of the following statements about El Niño is false?

Choose the letter of the best match from the following: -Restricted by water availability;20 degrees to 30 degrees latitude;hot sunny days,cold nights;annuals;shrubs with long roots;succulents.

CO2 and other gases,which absorb the longer wavelengths of infrared light and radiated heat from Earth,are responsible in causing the _________.

About three-quarters of Earth is covered by _________ ecosystems.

Which one of the following would not be different if Earth did not rotate on its axis?

A protective covering shielding the Earth from harmful solar ultraviolet radiation;rapidly being depleted according to some scientists.

Fossil fuels that the developing countries are using at an alarming rate;can potentially produce greenhouse gas and acid rain.

Choose the letter of the best match from the following: -Tropical;grassland with scattered trees;seasonally dry;nutrient poor soils;large grazing mammals.

The biome which contains at least half of Earth's plants and animals is the

The area of the ocean that is along the coasts of continents and islands,and less than 300 meters below the surface is called the

The abrupt change in water temperature of large lakes is called

Substances dissolving the ozone layer;largely discontinued in use.

Bacteria living symbiotically inside some of the animals clustered around deep-sea hydrothermal vents carry out

Periodic disturbances of the Pacific currents that seem to cause global weather changes are given the name

As the global concentration of carbon dioxide increases,the world's temperature is rising,with great potential direct impact on the world's __________.

Longer wavelengths of infrared light or heat are trapped to produce the so-called "greenhouse effect" by

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a savanna?

The distribution of biomes is dependent upon all of the following except

Select the two biomes that are likely to be most adversely affected by global climate change.

The most serious and rapidly accelerating of all global environmental problems is the loss of

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes Mapping and the Meiosis - Inheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics and the Phylogenetic Revolution

Genome Evolution

Evolution of Development

The Tree of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

Protists

Overview of Green Plants

Fungi

Overview of Animal Diversity

Noncoelomate Invertebrates

Coelomate Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Form

Vegetative Plant Development

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

Plant Reproduction

The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Digestive System

The Respiratory System

The Circulatory System

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

The Reproductive System

Animal Development

Behavioral Biology

Population Ecology

Community of Ecology

Dynamics of Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

CO₂ and other gases,which absorb the longer wavelengths of infrared light and radiated heat from Earth,are responsible in causing the _________.