Exam 34: Deuterostome Animals

Which of the following have distinct central disks and long,flexible arms?

In what way are monotremes similar to more ancestral chordate lineages,as opposed to more recently evolved mammals?

Suppose,while out camping in a forest,you found a chordate with a long,slender,limbless body slithering across the ground near your tent.To which of the following lineages could it belong?

Which of the following is a characteristic of all chordates at some point during their life cycle?

The presence of vestigial hip and leg bones in boas and pythons is considered evidence for what evolutionary link?

Which of the following classes is comprised of carnivorous predators that are able to extend their stomachs through their mouths to feed?

Why do adult urochordates (tunicates)lack notochords,even though larval urochordates have them?

What would you expect to happen if the midbrain of a fish became damaged?

-Refer to the paragraph on Brown et al.and Morwood et al.It is speculated that H.floresiensis and H.sapiens may have lived on Flores concurrently.Suppose researchers obtained mitochondrial DNA samples from the H.floresiensis remains,amplified a 1000-base-pair sequence via PCR,and compared it to that of several currently living H.sapiens native to Indonesia,North Africa,and North America.Also suppose H.floresiensis were found to differ from the average Indonesian H.sapiens in 28 base pairs,from the average North African H.sapiens in 51 base pairs,and from the average North American H.sapiens in 53 base pairs,while two randomly selected H.sapiens differed from each other in an average of 21 base pairs.What would you surmise from these data?

-The table above is a comparison of several characteristics of H.floresiensis to those of nine other hominin species (arranged roughly from oldest to most recent).What do these data suggest?

What would be the result(s)if a tunicate's pharyngeal gill slits were suddenly blocked?

Which of the following is found in tetrapods and not in fish?

The fishes form a(n)_____,a sequence of paraphyletic lineages.

What is the best evidence currently available that tetrapod limbs evolved from fish fins?

In what respect do hominins differ from all other anthropoids?

Which of the following characteristics would not be helpful in distinguishing between a hagfish and a lamprey?

When bone first evolved in vertebrates,what structure did it form?

Why do skates and rays have flattened bodies,while sharks are torpedo shaped?

Use the following information when answering the corresponding question(s). Brown et al.and Morwood et al.reported in 2004 that they had found skeletal remains of a previously unknown type of hominin,now dubbed Homo floresiensis,on the Indonesian island of Flores.These hominins were small (approximately 1 m tall),with small braincases (approximately 380 cm³),as compared with other hominins.The remains of H.floresiensis were found alongside handmade stone tools and the remains of dwarf elephants that also inhabited the island,suggesting that H.floresiensis was able both to make tools and to coordinate the hunting of animals much larger than itself.H.floresiensis is estimated to have lived at the site where the remains were found from at least 38,000 years ago to 18,000 years ago. -Refer to the paragraph on Brown et al.and Morwood et al.Which would be the most feasible method of figuring out to which other hominin species H.floresiensis was most closely related?

Which evolutionary innovation was most significant in helping tetrapods move to dry terrestrial environments?