Question 1

Chlorophylls absorb light in which colors of the visible range?

Accepted Answer

A) green and blue 
B) blue and red 
C) green and red 
D) violet and red 
A) green and blue 
B) blue and red 
C) green and red 
D) violet and red B

Question 2

Why are there several structurally different pigments in the reaction centers of photosystems?

Accepted Answer

A) Excited electrons must pass through several pigments before they can be transferred to electron acceptors of the electron transport chain. 
B) This setup enables the plant to absorb light energy of a variety of wavelengths. 
C) They enable the plant to absorb more photons from light energy,all of which are at the same wavelength. 
D) They enable the reaction center to excite electrons to a higher energy level. 
A) Excited electrons must pass through several pigments before they can be transferred to electron acceptors of the electron transport chain. 
B) This setup enables the plant to absorb light energy of a variety of wavelengths. 
C) They enable the plant to absorb more photons from light energy,all of which are at the same wavelength. 
D) They enable the reaction center to excite electrons to a higher energy level. B

Question 3

Data suggest that rubisco (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase)makes up 10% of the total protein found in spinach leaves.Research elucidating the structure of rubisco shows that it has four active sites.Why,with four active sites,might there be such a large concentration of rubisco in plant matter?

Accepted Answer

A) All heterotrophic organisms depend on plants,either directly or indirectly,for their food supply. 
B) Rubisco is a very slow enzyme;what it lacks in speed,it makes up in quantity. 
C) Rubisco catalyzes four of the six reactions found in the Calvin cycle. 
D) Three of the four active sites bind carbon dioxide;only one binds ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. 
A) All heterotrophic organisms depend on plants,either directly or indirectly,for their food supply. 
B) Rubisco is a very slow enzyme;what it lacks in speed,it makes up in quantity. 
C) Rubisco catalyzes four of the six reactions found in the Calvin cycle. 
D) Three of the four active sites bind carbon dioxide;only one binds ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. B

Question 4

What event accompanies energy absorption by chlorophyll (or other pigment molecules of the antenna complex)?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP is synthesized from the energy absorbed. 
B) A carboxylation reaction of the Calvin cycle occurs. 
C) Electrons are stripped from NADPH. 
D) An electron is excited. 
A) ATP is synthesized from the energy absorbed. 
B) A carboxylation reaction of the Calvin cycle occurs. 
C) Electrons are stripped from NADPH. 
D) An electron is excited.

Question 5

Purple photosynthetic bacteria do not contain chloroplasts.They have an antenna system that includes two light-harvesting protein complexes,both of which are integral membrane proteins.The bacteriochlorophyll a molecules contain Mg²⁺ and absorb light at 800 nm.Which of the following statements comparing photosynthesis in purple bacteria and plant chloroplasts is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Because purple bacteria do not have chloroplasts,there is no electron transport associated with photosynthesis. 
B) Bacteriochlorophyll a is a molecule containing Mg²⁺,whereas chlorophyll a from chloroplasts contains Fe²⁺. 
C) Bacteriochlorophyll a absorbs light most efficiently in the ultraviolet range,at a significantly shorter wavelength than that for chlorophyll a of chloroplasts. 
D) Plant chlorophyll a absorbs in the visible light range,whereas purple photosynthetic bacteriochlorophyll a absorbs light at a longer wavelength. 
A) Because purple bacteria do not have chloroplasts,there is no electron transport associated with photosynthesis. 
B) Bacteriochlorophyll a is a molecule containing Mg²⁺,whereas chlorophyll a from chloroplasts contains Fe²⁺. 
C) Bacteriochlorophyll a absorbs light most efficiently in the ultraviolet range,at a significantly shorter wavelength than that for chlorophyll a of chloroplasts. 
D) Plant chlorophyll a absorbs in the visible light range,whereas purple photosynthetic bacteriochlorophyll a absorbs light at a longer wavelength.

Question 6

Which of the following statements most accurately compares photosynthesis and respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP generated during photosynthesis is a fundamentally different process than ATP generated during respiration. 
B) Photosynthesis is just respiration in reverse. 
C) Photosynthesis requires ATP,but respiration does not. 
D) Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules;respiration releases the energy stored in complex organic molecules. 
A) ATP generated during photosynthesis is a fundamentally different process than ATP generated during respiration. 
B) Photosynthesis is just respiration in reverse. 
C) Photosynthesis requires ATP,but respiration does not. 
D) Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules;respiration releases the energy stored in complex organic molecules.

Question 7

Which of the following is a difference between chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b?

Accepted Answer

A) Chlorophyll a is a pigment,and chlorophyll b is the enzyme that transfers excited electrons from chlorophyll a to electron carriers of the thylakoid membrane. 
B) Chlorophyll a absorbs yellow light,and chlorophyll b absorbs green. 
C) Chlorophyll a contains a Mg in its ring structure,whereas chlorophyll b contains iron. 
D) Chlorophyll a and b absorb light energy at slightly different wavelengths. 
A) Chlorophyll a is a pigment,and chlorophyll b is the enzyme that transfers excited electrons from chlorophyll a to electron carriers of the thylakoid membrane. 
B) Chlorophyll a absorbs yellow light,and chlorophyll b absorbs green. 
C) Chlorophyll a contains a Mg in its ring structure,whereas chlorophyll b contains iron. 
D) Chlorophyll a and b absorb light energy at slightly different wavelengths.

Question 8

Which of the following statements concerning chloroplasts is false?

Accepted Answer

A) They are unrelated to plastids. 
B) They have both outer and inner membranes. 
C) They have their own DNA. 
D) They have an internal membrane system known as the thylakoid. 
A) They are unrelated to plastids. 
B) They have both outer and inner membranes. 
C) They have their own DNA. 
D) They have an internal membrane system known as the thylakoid.

Question 9

The process of photosynthesis probably originated _____.

Accepted Answer

A) in plants 
B) in prokaryotes 
C) in fungi 
D) three separate times during evolution 
A) in plants 
B) in prokaryotes 
C) in fungi 
D) three separate times during evolution

Question 10

Early investigators thought the oxygen produced by photosynthetic plants came from carbon dioxide.In fact,it comes from _____.

Accepted Answer

A) water 
B) glucose 
C) air 
D) electrons from NADPH 
A) water 
B) glucose 
C) air 
D) electrons from NADPH

Question 11

What is the main purpose of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) to generate oxygen by "splitting" H₂O 
B) to produce NADPH for use in respiration 
C) to produce NADPH and ATP 
D) to use ATP to make glucose 
A) to generate oxygen by "splitting" H₂O 
B) to produce NADPH for use in respiration 
C) to produce NADPH and ATP 
D) to use ATP to make glucose

Question 12

The absorption spectrum of a plant shows what wavelengths of light the plant absorbs.The absorption spectrum depends on _____.

Accepted Answer

A) the wavelengths of light that hit the plant 
B) the wavelengths of light that are transmitted by the plant 
C) the wavelengths of light to which the plant's pigments respond 
D) the surface area of the plant's leaves 
A) the wavelengths of light that hit the plant 
B) the wavelengths of light that are transmitted by the plant 
C) the wavelengths of light to which the plant's pigments respond 
D) the surface area of the plant's leaves

Question 13

CAM plants function using crassulacean acid metabolism.Like C₄ plants,CAM plants provide a preparatory step for the Calvin cycle.CAM plants are found in hot,dry environments;to prevent desiccation,they keep their stomata closed during the day.They take in carbon dioxide at night while stomata are open.To increase the concentration of carbon dioxide available to the enzyme rubisco and minimize the degree of photorespiration,the CAM plants carboxylate _____.

Accepted Answer

A) phosphoenolpyruvate 
B) oxaloacetate 
C) organic acids 
D) ribose 
A) phosphoenolpyruvate 
B) oxaloacetate 
C) organic acids 
D) ribose

Question 14

As electrons are passed through the system of electron carriers associated with photosystem II,they lose energy.What happens to this energy?

Accepted Answer

A) It excites electrons of the reaction center of photosystem I. 
B) It is lost as heat. 
C) It is used to establish and maintain a proton gradient. 
D) It is used to phosphorylate NAD⁺ to NADPH,the molecule that accepts electrons from photosystem I. 
A) It excites electrons of the reaction center of photosystem I. 
B) It is lost as heat. 
C) It is used to establish and maintain a proton gradient. 
D) It is used to phosphorylate NAD⁺ to NADPH,the molecule that accepts electrons from photosystem I.

Question 15

In the carbon fixation step of the Calvin cycle,ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (a five-carbon compound)is carboxylated to produce _____.

Accepted Answer

A) 5 molecules of carbon dioxide 
B) 2 three-carbon compounds 
C) acetyl CoA (two carbons)and oxaloacetate (four carbons) 
D) glucose 
A) 5 molecules of carbon dioxide 
B) 2 three-carbon compounds 
C) acetyl CoA (two carbons)and oxaloacetate (four carbons) 
D) glucose

Question 16

The final electron acceptor(s)associated with photosystem I is/are _____.

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen 
B) water 
C) NADP 
D) NADPH 
A) oxygen 
B) water 
C) NADP 
D) NADPH

Question 17

Plastoquinone (PQ),an electron carrier of small molecular weight,is found in the electron transport chain associated with photosystem II.If PQ is not directly anchored to other membrane or cytoplasmic structures,it is probably _____.

Accepted Answer

A) mobile in the thylakoid membrane 
B) lipid soluble 
C) a molecule that serves as a shuttle between the electron transport chain and ATP synthase 
D) Both A and B are correct. 
A) mobile in the thylakoid membrane 
B) lipid soluble 
C) a molecule that serves as a shuttle between the electron transport chain and ATP synthase 
D) Both A and B are correct.

Question 18

If pigments from a particular species of plant are extracted and subjected to paper chromatography,which of the following is the most believable result?

Accepted Answer

A) Paper chromatography for the plant would isolate a single band of pigment that is characteristic of that particular plant. 
B) Paper chromatography would separate the pigments from a particular plant into several bands. 
C) The isolated pigments would always be some shade of green. 
D) Paper chromatography would isolate only the pigments that reflect green light. 
A) Paper chromatography for the plant would isolate a single band of pigment that is characteristic of that particular plant. 
B) Paper chromatography would separate the pigments from a particular plant into several bands. 
C) The isolated pigments would always be some shade of green. 
D) Paper chromatography would isolate only the pigments that reflect green light.

Question 19

The light-independent reactions of plants function to make organic molecules using carbon dioxide as a carbon source.What is the electron source that helps reduce carbon dioxide to sugars and other organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) NADH 
B) NADPH 
C) ATP 
D) electrons from oxygen 
A) NADH 
B) NADPH 
C) ATP 
D) electrons from oxygen

Question 20

The electrons of photosystem II are excited and transferred to electron carriers.From which molecule or structure do the photosystem II replacement electrons come?

Accepted Answer

A) the electron carrier,plastocyanin 
B) photosystem I 
C) water 
D) oxygen 
A) the electron carrier,plastocyanin 
B) photosystem I 
C) water 
D) oxygen

Exam 10: Photosynthesis

Chlorophylls absorb light in which colors of the visible range?

Why are there several structurally different pigments in the reaction centers of photosystems?

What event accompanies energy absorption by chlorophyll (or other pigment molecules of the antenna complex)?

Which of the following statements most accurately compares photosynthesis and respiration?

Which of the following is a difference between chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b?

Which of the following statements concerning chloroplasts is false?

The process of photosynthesis probably originated _____.

Early investigators thought the oxygen produced by photosynthetic plants came from carbon dioxide.In fact,it comes from _____.

What is the main purpose of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

The absorption spectrum of a plant shows what wavelengths of light the plant absorbs.The absorption spectrum depends on _____.

As electrons are passed through the system of electron carriers associated with photosystem II,they lose energy.What happens to this energy?

In the carbon fixation step of the Calvin cycle,ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (a five-carbon compound)is carboxylated to produce _____.

The final electron acceptor(s)associated with photosystem I is/are _____.

Plastoquinone (PQ),an electron carrier of small molecular weight,is found in the electron transport chain associated with photosystem II.If PQ is not directly anchored to other membrane or cytoplasmic structures,it is probably _____.

If pigments from a particular species of plant are extracted and subjected to paper chromatography,which of the following is the most believable result?

The light-independent reactions of plants function to make organic molecules using carbon dioxide as a carbon source.What is the electron source that helps reduce carbon dioxide to sugars and other organic molecules?

The electrons of photosystem II are excited and transferred to electron carriers.From which molecule or structure do the photosystem II replacement electrons come?

Biology and the Tree of Life

Water and Carbon: the Chemical Basis of Life

Protein Structure and Function

Nucleic Acids and the Rna World

An Introduction to Carbohydrates

Lipids, membranes, and the First Cells

Inside the Cell

Cell-Cell Interactions

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis

Mendel and the Gene

Dna and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair

How Genes Work

Transcription and Translation

Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Analyzing and Engineering Genes

Genomics

Principles of Development

An Introduction to Animal Development

An Introduction to Plant Development

Evolution by Natural Selection

Evolutionary Processes

Speciation

Phylogenies and the History of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Green Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animals

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

Viruses

Plant Form and Function

Water and Sugar Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Sensory Systems, signals, and Responses

Plant Reproduction

Animal Form and Function

Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange and Circulation

Electrical Signals in Animals

Animal Sensory Systems and Movement

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Reproduction

The Immune System in Animals

An Introduction to Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

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