Question 1

Figure 13.4
-Refer to Figure 13.4. Put the stages of meiosis shown here in the order that they would occur in a cell.

Accepted Answer

A)  a, b, c, d 
B)  a, c, d, b 
C)  c, a, b, d 
D)  c, a, d, b 
A)  a, b, c, d 
B)  a, c, d, b 
C)  c, a, b, d 
D)  c, a, d, b C

Question 2

Which of the following types of reproduction is associated with the most genetic variation among offspring?

Accepted Answer

A)  asexual reproduction 
B)  sexual reproduction 
C)  budding 
D)  binary fission 
A)  asexual reproduction 
B)  sexual reproduction 
C)  budding 
D)  binary fission B

Question 3

Homologous chromosomes

Accepted Answer

A)  carry the same alleles. 
B)  carry information for the same traits. 
C)  align on the metaphase plate in meiosis II. 
D)  are identical. 
A)  carry the same alleles. 
B)  carry information for the same traits. 
C)  align on the metaphase plate in meiosis II. 
D)  are identical. B

Question 4

Figure 13.6
-In which phase of meiosis do sister chromatids separate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Metaphase II 
B)  Metaphase I 
C)  Anaphase II 
D)  Anaphase I 
A)  Metaphase II 
B)  Metaphase I 
C)  Anaphase II 
D)  Anaphase I

Question 5

An advantage of asexual reproduction is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  produces offspring that respond effectively to new pathogens. 
B)  enhances genetic variability in the species. 
C)  enables the species to rapidly colonize habitats that are favourable to that species. 
D)  allows a species to easily rid itself of harmful mutations. 
E)  allows the species to endure long periods of unstable environmental conditions. 
A)  produces offspring that respond effectively to new pathogens. 
B)  enhances genetic variability in the species. 
C)  enables the species to rapidly colonize habitats that are favourable to that species. 
D)  allows a species to easily rid itself of harmful mutations. 
E)  allows the species to endure long periods of unstable environmental conditions.

Question 6

Crossover, the exchange of segments of homologous chromosomes, takes place during which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication 
B)  synapsis 
C)  cytokinesis 
D)  anaphase I 
A)  DNA replication 
B)  synapsis 
C)  cytokinesis 
D)  anaphase I

Question 7

Figure 13.1
-What can you infer from the karyotype shown in Figure 13.1?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a translocation in one of the chromosome 8 homologues. 
B)  This individual has an abnormal number of autosomes. 
C)  This individual has a single sex chromosome. 
D)  This is a karyotype of a male. 
A)  There is a translocation in one of the chromosome 8 homologues. 
B)  This individual has an abnormal number of autosomes. 
C)  This individual has a single sex chromosome. 
D)  This is a karyotype of a male.

Question 8

If meiosis produces haploid cells, how is the diploid number restored for those organisms that spend most of their life cycle in the diploid state?

Accepted Answer

A)  synapsis 
B)  DNA replication 
C)  fertilization 
D)  reverse transcription 
A)  synapsis 
B)  DNA replication 
C)  fertilization 
D)  reverse transcription

Question 9

Figure 13.6
-In the diploid cell above there are chromosomes and chromatids.

Accepted Answer

A)  2; 8 
B)  2; 2 
C)  8; 8 
D)  4; 4 
E)  4; 8
F) 2; 4 
A)  2; 8 
B)  2; 2 
C)  8; 8 
D)  4; 4 
E)  4; 8
F) 2; 4

Question 10

Egg and sperm, involved in sexual reproduction, are formed through a process called

Accepted Answer

A)  binary fission. 
B)  meiosis. 
C)  fertilization. 
D)  mitosis. 
A)  binary fission. 
B)  meiosis. 
C)  fertilization. 
D)  mitosis.

Question 11

Which of the following is the difference between trisomy and triploidy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trisomic individuals have three copies of every chromosome; triploid individuals have three copies of a specific chromosome. 
B)  Trisomic individuals have three copies of a specific chromosome; triploid individuals have three copies of every chromosome. 
C)  Trisomic individuals have three copies of one gene on one chromosome; triploid. 
D)  There is no difference between the two terms-they mean the same thing. 
A)  Trisomic individuals have three copies of every chromosome; triploid individuals have three copies of a specific chromosome. 
B)  Trisomic individuals have three copies of a specific chromosome; triploid individuals have three copies of every chromosome. 
C)  Trisomic individuals have three copies of one gene on one chromosome; triploid. 
D)  There is no difference between the two terms-they mean the same thing.

Question 12

In 1985, Hassold and Chiu found that the likelihood of miscarriage increased with maternal age. What is the most likely explanation for the relationship between age and miscarriage?

Accepted Answer

A)  Older women typically have hormonal imbalances that prevent them from carrying a baby to term. 
B)  Women in their mid- thirties and older have more health problems that interfere with their ability to maintain pregnancy. 
C)  Ova are arrested in meiosis until ovulation. As a result, completion of meiosis in the older woman is more likely to result in aneuploidy or other chromosomal abnormalities. 
D)  The DNA replication that takes place immediately prior to meiosis is less accurate in older women. 
A)  Older women typically have hormonal imbalances that prevent them from carrying a baby to term. 
B)  Women in their mid- thirties and older have more health problems that interfere with their ability to maintain pregnancy. 
C)  Ova are arrested in meiosis until ovulation. As a result, completion of meiosis in the older woman is more likely to result in aneuploidy or other chromosomal abnormalities. 
D)  The DNA replication that takes place immediately prior to meiosis is less accurate in older women.

Question 13

Plants produce more seeds when they reproduce asexually than sexually. Yet most plants reproduce sexually in nature. What is the probable explanation for the prevalence of sexual reproduction? Sexual reproduction

Accepted Answer

A)  ensures genetic continuity from parents to offspring. 
B)  is not dependent on other agents of pollination. 
C)  can be undertaken more quickly than asexual reproduction. 
D)  is more energy efficient than asexual reproduction. 
E)  mixes up alleles, contributing to variation in a species. 
A)  ensures genetic continuity from parents to offspring. 
B)  is not dependent on other agents of pollination. 
C)  can be undertaken more quickly than asexual reproduction. 
D)  is more energy efficient than asexual reproduction. 
E)  mixes up alleles, contributing to variation in a species.

Question 14

When we first see chiasmata under a microscope, we know that

Accepted Answer

A)  anaphase II has occurred. 
B)  prophase I is occurring. 
C)  asexual reproduction has occurred. 
D)  meiosis II has occurred. 
E)  separation of homologs has occurred. 
A)  anaphase II has occurred. 
B)  prophase I is occurring. 
C)  asexual reproduction has occurred. 
D)  meiosis II has occurred. 
E)  separation of homologs has occurred.

Question 15

Centromeres split and sister chromosomes migrate to opposite poles in

Accepted Answer

A)  anaphase I. 
B)  prophase II. 
C)  anaphase II. 
D)  telophase II. 
A)  anaphase I. 
B)  prophase II. 
C)  anaphase II. 
D)  telophase II.

Question 16

Quaking aspen can send out underground stems. New trees can sprout from these stems. This is an example of what type of reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  haploid 
B)  sexual 
C)  alternation of generations 
D)  asexual 
A)  haploid 
B)  sexual 
C)  alternation of generations 
D)  asexual

Question 17

The egg of a fruit fly has 4 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in a somatic cell of a fruit fly?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  16 
C)  4 
D)  8 
A)  2 
B)  16 
C)  4 
D)  8

Question 18

The bulldog ant has a diploid number of two chromosomes. Therefore, following meiosis, each daughter cell will have a single chromosome. There is/are different possible combinations) of genes in the daughter cells of meiosis because .

Accepted Answer

A)  one; there is only one chromosome per cell 
B)  two; there are two homologous chromosomes per cell prior to meiosis 
C)  more than 2; the two homologues cross over 
A)  one; there is only one chromosome per cell 
B)  two; there are two homologous chromosomes per cell prior to meiosis 
C)  more than 2; the two homologues cross over

Question 19

Which of the following would enable you to detect aneuploidy?

Accepted Answer

A)  synapsis 
B)  karyotyping 
C)  autosomy 
D)  syngamy 
A)  synapsis 
B)  karyotyping 
C)  autosomy 
D)  syngamy

Question 20

Figure 13.1
-What is a major difference between meiosis II and mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sister chromatids separate in mitosis, and homologues separate in meiosis II. 
B)  Crossover takes place in meiosis II. 
C)  Meiosis II takes place in a haploid cell, while mitosis takes place in diploid cells. 
D)  Homologues align on the metaphase plate in meiosis II. 
A)  Sister chromatids separate in mitosis, and homologues separate in meiosis II. 
B)  Crossover takes place in meiosis II. 
C)  Meiosis II takes place in a haploid cell, while mitosis takes place in diploid cells. 
D)  Homologues align on the metaphase plate in meiosis II.

Exam 13: Meiosis

Figure 13.4 -Refer to Figure 13.4. Put the stages of meiosis shown here in the order that they would occur in a cell.

Which of the following types of reproduction is associated with the most genetic variation among offspring?

Homologous chromosomes

Figure 13.6 -In which phase of meiosis do sister chromatids separate?

An advantage of asexual reproduction is that it

Crossover, the exchange of segments of homologous chromosomes, takes place during which of the following processes?

Figure 13.1 -What can you infer from the karyotype shown in Figure 13.1?

If meiosis produces haploid cells, how is the diploid number restored for those organisms that spend most of their life cycle in the diploid state?

Figure 13.6 -In the diploid cell above there are chromosomes and chromatids.

Egg and sperm, involved in sexual reproduction, are formed through a process called

Which of the following is the difference between trisomy and triploidy?

In 1985, Hassold and Chiu found that the likelihood of miscarriage increased with maternal age. What is the most likely explanation for the relationship between age and miscarriage?

Plants produce more seeds when they reproduce asexually than sexually. Yet most plants reproduce sexually in nature. What is the probable explanation for the prevalence of sexual reproduction? Sexual reproduction

When we first see chiasmata under a microscope, we know that

Centromeres split and sister chromosomes migrate to opposite poles in

Quaking aspen can send out underground stems. New trees can sprout from these stems. This is an example of what type of reproduction?

The egg of a fruit fly has 4 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in a somatic cell of a fruit fly?

The bulldog ant has a diploid number of two chromosomes. Therefore, following meiosis, each daughter cell will have a single chromosome. There is/are different possible combinations) of genes in the daughter cells of meiosis because .

Which of the following would enable you to detect aneuploidy?

Figure 13.1 -What is a major difference between meiosis II and mitosis?

Biology and the Tree of Life

Water and Carbon: the Chemical Basis of Life

Protein Structure and Function

Nucleic Acids and the Rna World

An Introduction to Carbohydrates

Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells

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Photosynthesis

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The Cell Cycle

Mendel and the Gene

Dna and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair

How Genes Work

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Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

The Molecular Revolution: Biotechnology and Beyond

Gene Structure and Development

Evolution by Natural Selection

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Phylogenies and the History of Life

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Protists

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