Exam 28: Green Algae and Land Plants

What two major novelties allowed for the first colonization of terrestrial habitats by plants?

Use the following information when answering the corresponding questions). Scarlet gilia Ipomopsis aggregata) usually has red flowers in an inflorescence of up to 250 flowers. In certain populations in the Arizona mountains, however, the flowers range from red to pink to white. In early summer, most of the flowers were red. Six to eight weeks later, the same individual plants were still present; the flowers ranged from pink to white, and few red flowers were present. The major pollinators early in the season were two species of hummingbirds active during the day; they emigrated to lower elevations, and the major pollinator later in the season was a hawk moth a type of moth). The hawk moth was most active at sunset and later, and it preferred light pink to white flowers after dark. When hummingbirds were present, more red flowers than white flowers produced fruit. When only hawk moths were present, more white flowers produced fruit K. N. Paige and T. G. Whitham. 1985. Individual and population shifts in flower colour by scarlet gilia: A mechanism for pollinator tracking. Science 227:315- 17). -What is the significance of measuring fruit production?

The most basal lineages of land plants include

Spores and seeds have basically the same function, dispersal, but are vastly different because

How are the bryophytes and seedless vascular plants alike?

The closest relatives of the familiar pine and spruce trees are

Which of these time intervals, based on plant fossils, came last most recently)?

What evidence do paleobotanists look for that indicates the movement of plants from water to land?

The most direct ancestors of land plants were probably

Which of these processes does not result in the formation of a different generation in a plant's sexual life cycle?

Which of these are structures in a gametophyte generation?

As you stroll through a moist forest, you are most likely to see a

Use the following information when answering the corresponding questions). Scarlet gilia Ipomopsis aggregata) usually has red flowers in an inflorescence of up to 250 flowers. In certain populations in the Arizona mountains, however, the flowers range from red to pink to white. In early summer, most of the flowers were red. Six to eight weeks later, the same individual plants were still present; the flowers ranged from pink to white, and few red flowers were present. The major pollinators early in the season were two species of hummingbirds active during the day; they emigrated to lower elevations, and the major pollinator later in the season was a hawk moth a type of moth). The hawk moth was most active at sunset and later, and it preferred light pink to white flowers after dark. When hummingbirds were present, more red flowers than white flowers produced fruit. When only hawk moths were present, more white flowers produced fruit K. N. Paige and T. G. Whitham. 1985. Individual and population shifts in flower colour by scarlet gilia: A mechanism for pollinator tracking. Science 227:315- 17). -Late in the season, when only hawk moths were present, researchers painted the red flowers white. What would you expect?

Bioprospectors and ethnobotanists search for plants and plant products used for medicines by native cultures. The major function of the medicinal compounds in plants is to

Why have biologists hypothesized that the first land plants had a low, sprawling growth habit?

Seed plants are heterosporous. This means that

Which of these activities is not a part of development of crop plants from wild relatives?

The major function of medicinal compounds in plants is to

If humans had been present to build log structures during the Carboniferous period though they were not!), which plant types would have been suitable sources of logs?

Which of these are spore- producing structures?