Exam 26: Bacteria and Archaea

Multicellularity and large body size of eukaryotic organisms requires high metabolic rates and efficient ATP production by aerobic respiration. How did bacteria change Earth's atmosphere to enable aerobic respiration?

Starting in 1945, Escherichia coli became a bacterium of choice to study basic cellular processes and gene function. What specific feature of E. coli is responsible for its rise to prominence as a model system?

What kind of molecules serve as electron acceptors in cellular respiration?

Which of the following is correct?

You might be interested to know how many different types of bacteria live on the shower curtain in your bathroom. What is the most efficient method for answering this question?

You have found a prokaryote that is able to form colonies and produce oxygen. To what lineage does it belong?

What is the right progression of steps for a direct- sequencing experiment?

A biologist trying to determine the mechanism of adenosine triphosphate ATP) production in a newly discovered bacterium provides several different substrates on which the bacteria can feed. Which of the following results would indicate that the species uses fermentation to produce ATP?

When some bacteria use lactose as a source of energy, they produce propionic acid and CO₂. What is the name for this process?

During cellular respiration, some bacteria use CH₄ as an electron donor and O₂ as an electron acceptor. What is the name for this group of bacteria?

What organisms are most numerous on Earth?

A bacterium was grown in two test tubes filled with media rich in glucose. One tube was sealed to produce anaerobic conditions, and the other was not. A third uninoculated, unsealed tube was used as a control. Glucose utilization by this bacterium causes acid production, which is indicated by a lightening of the media colour. If the bacterium is able to produce ATP only by respiration, which result do you expect to receive?

What is the goal of bioremediation?

A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single- celled organism that had a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification?

Biologists sometimes divide living organisms into two groups: autotrophs and heterotrophs. How do these two groups differ?

You need to identify the major type of bacteria living on the shower curtain in your bathroom and find out what they use as a food source. What is the most efficient method for answering this question?

Researchers have found a new type of bacteria, and they want to determine its phylum. What would be the most reliable method to do so?

You run an osteology lab, where students are able to study the bone structure of various species. To produce clean bones, you introduce insects and bacteria to remove all remaining flesh. Which bacteria would be the best purchase for your lab?