Question 1

Approximately how many species have we described out of the species alive today?

Accepted Answer

A)  We have described about half of the species on Earth. 
B)  Apart from the tropics, we have described almost all the species on Earth. 
C)  We have described only a small fraction of the species on Earth. 
D)  We have described almost all of the species on Earth. 
A)  We have described about half of the species on Earth. 
B)  Apart from the tropics, we have described almost all the species on Earth. 
C)  We have described only a small fraction of the species on Earth. 
D)  We have described almost all of the species on Earth.

Question 2

Figure 54.1
Dogs ~43 Bears ~19 Seals ~36
Red Panda ~1 Skunks ~13 Raccoons ~15 Badgers ~10 Weasels ~38 Otters ~8
-According to the figure above, which of the following groups is particularly important to preserve?

Accepted Answer

A)  Weasels 
B)  Dogs 
C)  Red Panda 
D)  Raccoons 
A)  Weasels 
B)  Dogs 
C)  Red Panda 
D)  Raccoons

Question 3

Which of the following is the true statement regarding species diversity and taxonomic diversity?

Accepted Answer

A)  The variety of species in a given area represents taxonomic diversity. 
B)  In taxonomic diversity, the evolutionary relationships of species in a lineage are important. 
C)  Species diversity measures the relative frequency of all alleles present in a species. 
D)  In species diversity, the numbers of animals in a particular lineage is important. 
A)  The variety of species in a given area represents taxonomic diversity. 
B)  In taxonomic diversity, the evolutionary relationships of species in a lineage are important. 
C)  Species diversity measures the relative frequency of all alleles present in a species. 
D)  In species diversity, the numbers of animals in a particular lineage is important.

Question 4

Figure 54.2
-Based on how you would go about measuring biodiversity, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The most intensively studied lineages are vertebrates. 
B)  The easiest animals to study are the insects. 
C)  Bacteria are among the easiest to count regarding numbers of different species. 
D)  Species in the tropics are much easier to study than species in other biomes. 
A)  The most intensively studied lineages are vertebrates. 
B)  The easiest animals to study are the insects. 
C)  Bacteria are among the easiest to count regarding numbers of different species. 
D)  Species in the tropics are much easier to study than species in other biomes.

Question 5

Environmental sequencing has brought to light what crucial finding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individual diversity is as important as ecosystem diversity. 
B)  Genetic diversity is highest in the most complex ecosystems. 
C)  Even the world's simplest ecosystems contain an enormous amount of genetic diversity. 
D)  Genetic diversity is very difficult to detect in small ecosystems. 
A)  Individual diversity is as important as ecosystem diversity. 
B)  Genetic diversity is highest in the most complex ecosystems. 
C)  Even the world's simplest ecosystems contain an enormous amount of genetic diversity. 
D)  Genetic diversity is very difficult to detect in small ecosystems.

Question 6

Figure 54.1
Dogs ~43 Bears ~19 Seals ~36
Red Panda ~1 Skunks ~13 Raccoons ~15 Badgers ~10 Weasels ~38 Otters ~8
-Why is it important to preserve the tuataras see Figure 54.1)?

Accepted Answer

A)  The group has very few representatives of its lineage. 
B)  The group is economically important. 
C)  The group is particularly sensitive to environmental disturbances. 
D)  The group has low genetic diversity. 
A)  The group has very few representatives of its lineage. 
B)  The group is economically important. 
C)  The group is particularly sensitive to environmental disturbances. 
D)  The group has low genetic diversity.

Question 7

Figure 54.5
-According to the figure above, what is occurring after 1985?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sheep are climbing a hill. 
B)  The population is increasing. 
C)  The population growth rate is increasing. 
D)  The population is increasing exponentially. 
A)  The sheep are climbing a hill. 
B)  The population is increasing. 
C)  The population growth rate is increasing. 
D)  The population is increasing exponentially.

Question 8

Figure 54.2
-By knowing the interrelatedness of various snake species, the type of antivenom can be chosen depending on the species involved in the bite. Based on Figure 54.2, which snake antivenom would you administer to a person bitten by an Australian copperhead?

Accepted Answer

A)  taipan 
B)  red- bellied black snake 
C)  tiger snake 
D)  death adder 
E)  common brown snake 
A)  taipan 
B)  red- bellied black snake 
C)  tiger snake 
D)  death adder 
E)  common brown snake

Question 9

Which of the following is a cultural service of ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

A)  providing genetic resources 
B)  education 
C)  soil formation 
D)  climate moderation 
E)  nutrient cycling 
A)  providing genetic resources 
B)  education 
C)  soil formation 
D)  climate moderation 
E)  nutrient cycling

Question 10

Figure 54.3
-Upon looking at Figure 54.3 regarding Tilman's experiments, what can you conclude about the data?

Accepted Answer

A)  As species richness increases, plant biomass increases. 
B)  As species richness changes, plant biomass remains consistent. 
C)  As species richness decreases, plant biomass increases. 
D)  As species richness increases, plant biomass increases and then levels off. 
A)  As species richness increases, plant biomass increases. 
B)  As species richness changes, plant biomass remains consistent. 
C)  As species richness decreases, plant biomass increases. 
D)  As species richness increases, plant biomass increases and then levels off.

Question 11

A land developer is arguing with a group of ecologists. Of course the land developer wants the most land possible for building houses, but has to compromise by saving some land for animal habitat. The land developer offers 20 hectares in evenly distributed but isolated 1- hectare portions. The ecologists keep arguing for one 20 hectare area to remain intact. Why are the ecologists making this proposal?

Accepted Answer

A)  The isolated hectare plots are better because they spread out the habitat. 
B)  The isolated plots are more vulnerable to edge effects. 
C)  There really is no difference; they should both work equally well. 
D)  The large plot will create more inbreeding in many species. 
A)  The isolated hectare plots are better because they spread out the habitat. 
B)  The isolated plots are more vulnerable to edge effects. 
C)  There really is no difference; they should both work equally well. 
D)  The large plot will create more inbreeding in many species.

Question 12

While travelling in the Alps, you come across a butterfly that you cannot identify. You quickly find out that it is a new species. Which of the following is NOT a step in understanding the biodiversity of this new species?

Accepted Answer

A)  looking at what other species are related to the new species 
B)  understanding the species' ecology 
C)  assessing the species' geographic range 
D)  measuring general physiology of the species 
E)  naming and describing the species 
A)  looking at what other species are related to the new species 
B)  understanding the species' ecology 
C)  assessing the species' geographic range 
D)  measuring general physiology of the species 
E)  naming and describing the species

Question 13

With regard to the destruction of tropical forests, the focus is often on biodiversity and the impact on these ecosystems. What is a direct compelling benefit to humans that helps explain why these forests need to be preserved?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural and undisturbed areas are important wildlife habitats. 
B)  The plant diversity provides shade, which reduces the impact of global warming. 
C)  The diversity could contain novel drugs for consumers. 
D)  These forests produce goods for consumers such as avocado and macadamia nuts. 
E)  This diversity could contain undocumented insect species. 
A)  Natural and undisturbed areas are important wildlife habitats. 
B)  The plant diversity provides shade, which reduces the impact of global warming. 
C)  The diversity could contain novel drugs for consumers. 
D)  These forests produce goods for consumers such as avocado and macadamia nuts. 
E)  This diversity could contain undocumented insect species.

Question 14

Erwin and Scott used an insecticidal fog to knock down insects from the top of a L. seemannii tree. The researchers identified over 900 species of beetles among the individuals that fell. Erwin also projected that this entire tree is host to about 600 specialist arthropods. There are approximately 50,000 species of tropical trees. Although it could not be entirely accurate, what would be the best way to estimate the total number of arthropod species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Divide 900 by 600 and then multiply by 50,000. 
B)  Multiply 900 by 50,000. 
C)  Multiply 600 by 50,000. 
D)  Estimate the species density and then multiply by 50,000. 
A)  Divide 900 by 600 and then multiply by 50,000. 
B)  Multiply 900 by 50,000. 
C)  Multiply 600 by 50,000. 
D)  Estimate the species density and then multiply by 50,000.

Question 15

During the inventory of bacterial genes present in the Sargasso Sea, a research team concluded that at least 1800 bacterial species were discovered. Based on what you know about this area, what would expect to see in coral reef waters?

Accepted Answer

A)  markedly greater genetic diversity 
B)  slightly greater genetic diversity 
C)  slightly smaller genetic diversity 
D)  markedly smaller genetic diversity 
E)  equal genetic diversity 
A)  markedly greater genetic diversity 
B)  slightly greater genetic diversity 
C)  slightly smaller genetic diversity 
D)  markedly smaller genetic diversity 
E)  equal genetic diversity

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding extinction is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Extinctions can even be caused indirectly by humans. 
B)  Extinction occurs whether humans interfere or not. 
C)  Only certain species are immune from extinction. 
D)  Species are vanishing today faster than at any other time in Earth's history. 
A)  Extinctions can even be caused indirectly by humans. 
B)  Extinction occurs whether humans interfere or not. 
C)  Only certain species are immune from extinction. 
D)  Species are vanishing today faster than at any other time in Earth's history.

Question 17

What is true concerning the high consumption of fossil fuels?

Accepted Answer

A)  It affects biodiversity both directly and indirectly via climate change. 
B)  It affects biodiversity by directly harming species. 
C)  It affects biodiversity indirectly via climate change. 
D)  It affects biodiversity indirectly via decreases in CO2 emissions. 
E)  It has no effect on biodiversity. 
A)  It affects biodiversity both directly and indirectly via climate change. 
B)  It affects biodiversity by directly harming species. 
C)  It affects biodiversity indirectly via climate change. 
D)  It affects biodiversity indirectly via decreases in CO2 emissions. 
E)  It has no effect on biodiversity.

Question 18

Philippe Bouchet and colleagues conducted a massive survey of marine molluscs on the west coast of New Caledonia. Twenty percent of the species found were represented by a single specimen. What does that suggest about the diversity of molluscs in this area?

Accepted Answer

A)  They did not look very hard for those 20 percent. 
B)  Many of the species from this 20 percent are probably rare. 
C)  There are only a few species of molluscs in the area. 
D)  Most of the species from this 20 percent are quite common. 
A)  They did not look very hard for those 20 percent. 
B)  Many of the species from this 20 percent are probably rare. 
C)  There are only a few species of molluscs in the area. 
D)  Most of the species from this 20 percent are quite common.

Exam 54: Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Approximately how many species have we described out of the species alive today?

Figure 54.1 Dogs ~43 Bears ~19 Seals ~36 Red Panda ~1 Skunks ~13 Raccoons ~15 Badgers ~10 Weasels ~38 Otters ~8 -According to the figure above, which of the following groups is particularly important to preserve?

Which of the following is the true statement regarding species diversity and taxonomic diversity?

Figure 54.2 -Based on how you would go about measuring biodiversity, which of the following is true?

Environmental sequencing has brought to light what crucial finding?

Figure 54.1 Dogs ~43 Bears ~19 Seals ~36 Red Panda ~1 Skunks ~13 Raccoons ~15 Badgers ~10 Weasels ~38 Otters ~8 -Why is it important to preserve the tuataras see Figure 54.1)?

Figure 54.5 -According to the figure above, what is occurring after 1985?

Figure 54.2 -By knowing the interrelatedness of various snake species, the type of antivenom can be chosen depending on the species involved in the bite. Based on Figure 54.2, which snake antivenom would you administer to a person bitten by an Australian copperhead?

Which of the following is a cultural service of ecosystems?

Figure 54.3 -Upon looking at Figure 54.3 regarding Tilman's experiments, what can you conclude about the data?

While travelling in the Alps, you come across a butterfly that you cannot identify. You quickly find out that it is a new species. Which of the following is NOT a step in understanding the biodiversity of this new species?

With regard to the destruction of tropical forests, the focus is often on biodiversity and the impact on these ecosystems. What is a direct compelling benefit to humans that helps explain why these forests need to be preserved?

During the inventory of bacterial genes present in the Sargasso Sea, a research team concluded that at least 1800 bacterial species were discovered. Based on what you know about this area, what would expect to see in coral reef waters?

Which of the following statements regarding extinction is FALSE?

What is true concerning the high consumption of fossil fuels?

Philippe Bouchet and colleagues conducted a massive survey of marine molluscs on the west coast of New Caledonia. Twenty percent of the species found were represented by a single specimen. What does that suggest about the diversity of molluscs in this area?

Biology and the Tree of Life

Water and Carbon: the Chemical Basis of Life

Protein Structure and Function

Nucleic Acids and the Rna World

An Introduction to Carbohydrates

Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells

Inside the Cell

Energy and Enzymes

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cellcell Interactions

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis

Mendel and the Gene

Dna and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair

How Genes Work

Transcription, Rna Processing, and Translation

Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

The Molecular Revolution: Biotechnology and Beyond

Gene Structure and Development

Evolution by Natural Selection

Evolutionary Processes

Speciation

Phylogenies and the History of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Green Algae and Land Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animals

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

Viruses

Plant Form and Function

Water and Sugar Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses

Plant Reproduction and Development

Animal Form and Function

Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange and Circulation

Animal Nervous Systems

Animal Sensory Systems

Animal Movement

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Reproduction and Development

The Immune System in Animals

An Introduction to Ecology

Behavioural Ecology

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

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