Question 1

What is the function of coenzyme A in the Krebs cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the coenzyme of carboxylation reactions. 
B)  It is the coenzyme of redox reactions. 
C)  It is the coenzyme of acetylation reactions. 
D)  It is a coenzyme of dehydration reactions. 
A)  It is the coenzyme of carboxylation reactions. 
B)  It is the coenzyme of redox reactions. 
C)  It is the coenzyme of acetylation reactions. 
D)  It is a coenzyme of dehydration reactions.

Question 2

Which of the following is true of oxidation- reduction redox) reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  They involve the transfer of one or more carbon atoms from one molecule to another. 
B)  They allow organisms to convert energy from large macromolecules for cellular use. 
C)  They allow organisms to convert energy from photons of light for cellular use. 
D)  B and C are true of redox reactions. 
E)  A, B, and C are true of redox reactions 
A)  They involve the transfer of one or more carbon atoms from one molecule to another. 
B)  They allow organisms to convert energy from large macromolecules for cellular use. 
C)  They allow organisms to convert energy from photons of light for cellular use. 
D)  B and C are true of redox reactions. 
E)  A, B, and C are true of redox reactions

Question 3

The constituents of the electron transport chain have similar capabilities, with the exception of ubiquinone coenzyme Q). What is different about ubiquinone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ubiquinone is a protein that begins the electron transport chain. It therefore accepts high- energy electrons. 
B)  Ubiquinone is a protein that is a constituent of all cells, prokaryotic or eukaryotic; hence its name. 
C)  Ubiquinone is a protein that serves as a regulator of the speed of redox reactions in the electron transport chain. 
D)  Ubiquinone is lipid soluble and can therefore move through the inner mitochondrial membrane. 
A)  Ubiquinone is a protein that begins the electron transport chain. It therefore accepts high- energy electrons. 
B)  Ubiquinone is a protein that is a constituent of all cells, prokaryotic or eukaryotic; hence its name. 
C)  Ubiquinone is a protein that serves as a regulator of the speed of redox reactions in the electron transport chain. 
D)  Ubiquinone is lipid soluble and can therefore move through the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Question 4

After glycolysis, but before the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain/oxidative phosphorylation, most of the energy from the original glucose is in the form of which molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  pyruvate 
B)  CO2  
C)  ATP 
D)  NADH 
E)  H2O 
A)  pyruvate 
B)  CO2  
C)  ATP 
D)  NADH 
E)  H2O

Question 5

A substrate- level phosphorylation occurs in the Krebs cycle where

Accepted Answer

A)  GDP is phosphorylated to produce GTP. 
B)  acetylation of oxaloacetate takes place. 
C)  NAD+ is phosphorylated to NADH. 
D)  oxaloacetate is phosphorylated. 
A)  GDP is phosphorylated to produce GTP. 
B)  acetylation of oxaloacetate takes place. 
C)  NAD+ is phosphorylated to NADH. 
D)  oxaloacetate is phosphorylated.

Question 6

Substrate level phosphorylation occurs in the citric acid cycle when Succinyl CoA is converted to Succinate. Which of the following statements about this event is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inorganic phosphate is added to ADP by HS- CoA thereby creating ATP. 
B)  A phosphate group is removed from HS- CoA and is donated to GDP to form GTP. GTP then donates a phosphate group to ADP to create ATP. 
C)  Inorganic phosphate is used to create GTP. GTP then donates a phosphate group to ADP to create ATP. 
A)  Inorganic phosphate is added to ADP by HS- CoA thereby creating ATP. 
B)  A phosphate group is removed from HS- CoA and is donated to GDP to form GTP. GTP then donates a phosphate group to ADP to create ATP. 
C)  Inorganic phosphate is used to create GTP. GTP then donates a phosphate group to ADP to create ATP.

Question 7

C6H12O6 glucose) + 6O2 -6 CO2 + 6H2O
Where is most of the water in this reaction produced?

Accepted Answer

A)  fermentation 
B)  glycolysis 
C)  Krebs cycle 
D)  electron transport chain 
A)  fermentation 
B)  glycolysis 
C)  Krebs cycle 
D)  electron transport chain

Question 8

Which of the following occurs in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidative phosphorylation 
B)  citric acid cycle 
C)  oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA 
D)  fermentation and chemiosmosis 
E)  glycolysis and fermentation 
A)  oxidative phosphorylation 
B)  citric acid cycle 
C)  oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA 
D)  fermentation and chemiosmosis 
E)  glycolysis and fermentation

Question 9

In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by fermentation, resulting in the production of

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP, NADH, and pyruvate. 
B)  ATP, CO2, and ethanol ethyl alcohol). 
C)  ATP, CO2, and lactate. 
D)  ATP, pyruvate, and acetyl CoA. 
E)  ATP, pyruvate, and oxygen. 
A)  ATP, NADH, and pyruvate. 
B)  ATP, CO2, and ethanol ethyl alcohol). 
C)  ATP, CO2, and lactate. 
D)  ATP, pyruvate, and acetyl CoA. 
E)  ATP, pyruvate, and oxygen.

Question 10

In cellular respiration, electrons are moved along a series of membrane proteins during the electron transport chain. If there was a mutation in the DNA coding for each of the proton pumps of the electron transport chain such that these proteins became non- functional, what would you predict to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protons would not be moved from the matrix to the intermembrane space and so ATP synthase would not be activated. 
B)  NADH and FADH2 would have to donate their electrons directly to ATP synthase in order for ATP synthesis to occur. 
C)  All electrons would have to be stripped from water instead of NADH and FADH2 to create the proton gradient needed to power ATP synthase. 
D)  Protons would no longer be moved from the intermembrane space to the matrix and so ATP synthase would not be activated. 
A)  Protons would not be moved from the matrix to the intermembrane space and so ATP synthase would not be activated. 
B)  NADH and FADH2 would have to donate their electrons directly to ATP synthase in order for ATP synthesis to occur. 
C)  All electrons would have to be stripped from water instead of NADH and FADH2 to create the proton gradient needed to power ATP synthase. 
D)  Protons would no longer be moved from the intermembrane space to the matrix and so ATP synthase would not be activated.

Question 11

ATP production by ATP synthase, requiring a proton gradient across a membrane, occurs in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  substrate- level phosphorylation. 
B)  oxidative phosphorylation 
C)  photophosphorylation 
D)  Both A and B. 
E)  Both B and C 
A)  substrate- level phosphorylation. 
B)  oxidative phosphorylation 
C)  photophosphorylation 
D)  Both A and B. 
E)  Both B and C

Question 12

The ATP made during fermentation is generated by

Accepted Answer

A)  chemiosmosis. 
B)  oxidative phosphorylation. 
C)  aerobic respiration. 
D)  the electron transport chain. 
E)  substrate- level phosphorylation. 
A)  chemiosmosis. 
B)  oxidative phosphorylation. 
C)  aerobic respiration. 
D)  the electron transport chain. 
E)  substrate- level phosphorylation.

Question 13

Two ATP molecules are expended in the energy investment phase of glycolysis. Why is this energy necessary to begin the process of glucose catabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  It isn't; glucose contains 686 kcal/mole in its chemical bonds, so its catabolism is spontaneous. 
B)  It is needed to prime the enzymes of glycolysis. 
C)  Glucose is a stable molecule; thus, some energy must be invested to make the molecule unstable and begin the process of catabolism. 
D)  It is needed to generate the electron carrier NAD+. 
A)  It isn't; glucose contains 686 kcal/mole in its chemical bonds, so its catabolism is spontaneous. 
B)  It is needed to prime the enzymes of glycolysis. 
C)  Glucose is a stable molecule; thus, some energy must be invested to make the molecule unstable and begin the process of catabolism. 
D)  It is needed to generate the electron carrier NAD+.

Question 14

-In the figure above, where are the enzymes of the Krebs citric acid) cycle located? Choose the arrow that corresponds.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 15

A mutation in yeast makes it unable to convert pyruvate to ethanol. How will this mutation affect these yeast cells? The mutant yeast cells will

Accepted Answer

A)  be unable to grow anaerobically. 
B)  grow anaerobically only when given glucose. 
C)  metabolize only fatty acids. 
D)  die because they cannot regenerate NAD+ from NAD. 
E)  be unable to metabolize glucose. 
A)  be unable to grow anaerobically. 
B)  grow anaerobically only when given glucose. 
C)  metabolize only fatty acids. 
D)  die because they cannot regenerate NAD+ from NAD. 
E)  be unable to metabolize glucose.

Question 16

Figure 9.1
-Refer to Figure 9.1. What characteristic of this molecule ATP) is responsible for its high energy level compared to AMP?

Accepted Answer

A)  the C-H bonds of the ribose sugar 
B)  the phosphorus atoms in the phosphate groups 
C)  the nitrogen atoms in adenine 
D)  the closely spaced negative charges associated with the phosphate groups 
A)  the C-H bonds of the ribose sugar 
B)  the phosphorus atoms in the phosphate groups 
C)  the nitrogen atoms in adenine 
D)  the closely spaced negative charges associated with the phosphate groups

Question 17

The enzyme phosphofructokinase is the major regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It catalyzes

Accepted Answer

A)  the isomerization of glucose 6- phosphate to fructose 6- phosphate. 
B)  the phosphorylation of fructose 6- phosphate. 
C)  the substrate- level phosphorylation reaction whereby phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate. 
D)  the first of the 10 reactions of glycolysis. 
A)  the isomerization of glucose 6- phosphate to fructose 6- phosphate. 
B)  the phosphorylation of fructose 6- phosphate. 
C)  the substrate- level phosphorylation reaction whereby phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate. 
D)  the first of the 10 reactions of glycolysis.

Question 18

Which of the following is FALSE concerning ATP synthase?

Accepted Answer

A)  It generates ATP by chemiosmosis in cellular respiration and photosynthesis. 
B)  It performs the same function in cellular respiration and photosynthesis, with similar structure and biochemical composition in each. 
C)  It is a component of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration and photosynthesis. 
D)  It is an enzyme that is a tiny rotary motor. 
A)  It generates ATP by chemiosmosis in cellular respiration and photosynthesis. 
B)  It performs the same function in cellular respiration and photosynthesis, with similar structure and biochemical composition in each. 
C)  It is a component of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration and photosynthesis. 
D)  It is an enzyme that is a tiny rotary motor.

Question 19

Why are fermentation reactions important for cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  They utilize oxygen. 
B)  They regenerate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue. 
C)  They generate oxygen. 
D)  They produce alcohol used in alcoholic beverages. 
A)  They utilize oxygen. 
B)  They regenerate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue. 
C)  They generate oxygen. 
D)  They produce alcohol used in alcoholic beverages.

Question 20

The electron transport chain

Accepted Answer

A)  is a series of substitution reactions. 
B)  is a series of redox reactions. 
C)  takes place in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. 
D)  is driven by ATP consumption. 
A)  is a series of substitution reactions. 
B)  is a series of redox reactions. 
C)  takes place in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. 
D)  is driven by ATP consumption.

Exam 9: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

What is the function of coenzyme A in the Krebs cycle?

Which of the following is true of oxidation- reduction redox) reactions?

The constituents of the electron transport chain have similar capabilities, with the exception of ubiquinone coenzyme Q). What is different about ubiquinone?

After glycolysis, but before the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain/oxidative phosphorylation, most of the energy from the original glucose is in the form of which molecule?

A substrate- level phosphorylation occurs in the Krebs cycle where

Substrate level phosphorylation occurs in the citric acid cycle when Succinyl CoA is converted to Succinate. Which of the following statements about this event is true?

C6H12O6 glucose) + 6O2 -6 CO2 + 6H2O Where is most of the water in this reaction produced?

Which of the following occurs in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell?

In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by fermentation, resulting in the production of

ATP production by ATP synthase, requiring a proton gradient across a membrane, occurs in which of the following?

The ATP made during fermentation is generated by

Two ATP molecules are expended in the energy investment phase of glycolysis. Why is this energy necessary to begin the process of glucose catabolism?

-In the figure above, where are the enzymes of the Krebs citric acid) cycle located? Choose the arrow that corresponds.

A mutation in yeast makes it unable to convert pyruvate to ethanol. How will this mutation affect these yeast cells? The mutant yeast cells will

Figure 9.1 -Refer to Figure 9.1. What characteristic of this molecule ATP) is responsible for its high energy level compared to AMP?

The enzyme phosphofructokinase is the major regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It catalyzes

Which of the following is FALSE concerning ATP synthase?

Why are fermentation reactions important for cells?

The electron transport chain

Biology and the Tree of Life

Water and Carbon: the Chemical Basis of Life

Protein Structure and Function

Nucleic Acids and the Rna World

An Introduction to Carbohydrates

Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells

Inside the Cell

Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis

Cellcell Interactions

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis

Mendel and the Gene

Dna and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair

How Genes Work

Transcription, Rna Processing, and Translation

Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria

Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

The Molecular Revolution: Biotechnology and Beyond

Gene Structure and Development

Evolution by Natural Selection

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An Introduction to Animals

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Water and Sugar Transport in Plants

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Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Reproduction and Development

The Immune System in Animals

An Introduction to Ecology

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C₆H₁₂O₆glucose) + 6O₂-6 CO₂+ 6H₂O Where is most of the water in this reaction produced?