Question 1

A(n) ________ has charge but negligible mass, whereas a(n) ________ has mass but no charge.

Accepted Answer

A)  proton; neutron 
B)  neutron; proton 
C)  neutron; electron 
D)  electron; neutron 
A)  proton; neutron 
B)  neutron; proton 
C)  neutron; electron 
D)  electron; neutron

Question 2

A neutral atom has two, eight, eight electrons in its first, second and third energy levels. This information ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  does not tell us about the atomic number of the element 
B)  does not tell us about the chemical properties of the element 
C)  does not tell us about the atomic mass of the element 
D)  does not tell us about the size of the element 
A)  does not tell us about the atomic number of the element 
B)  does not tell us about the chemical properties of the element 
C)  does not tell us about the atomic mass of the element 
D)  does not tell us about the size of the element

Question 3

How is a single covalent bond formed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two atoms share two pairs of electrons. 
B)  Two atoms share two electrons. 
C)  Two atoms share one electron. 
D)  One atom loses a pair of electrons to the other. 
A)  Two atoms share two pairs of electrons. 
B)  Two atoms share two electrons. 
C)  Two atoms share one electron. 
D)  One atom loses a pair of electrons to the other.

Question 4

The atomic number of nitrogen is 7. Nitrogen-15 has a greater mass number than nitrogen-14 because the atomic nucleus of nitrogen-15 contains ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  7 neutrons 
B)  8 neutrons 
C)  8 protons 
D)  15 protons 
A)  7 neutrons 
B)  8 neutrons 
C)  8 protons 
D)  15 protons

Question 5

Which of the following is true for the reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  The reaction is now irreversible. 
B)  Hydrogen and nitrogen are the reactants of the reverse reaction. 
C)  Ammonia is being formed and decomposed simultaneously. 
D)  Only the forward or reverse reactions can occur at one time. 
A)  The reaction is now irreversible. 
B)  Hydrogen and nitrogen are the reactants of the reverse reaction. 
C)  Ammonia is being formed and decomposed simultaneously. 
D)  Only the forward or reverse reactions can occur at one time.

Question 6

How many electrons will a single atom of sulphur with no charge and no bonds have in its valence shell?

Accepted Answer

A)  6 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  32 
A)  6 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  32

Question 7

Can the atomic mass of an element vary?

Accepted Answer

A)  No, it is fixed; otherwise a new element will be formed. 
B)  Yes. Adding or losing electrons will substantially change the atomic mass. 
C)  Yes. Adding or losing protons will change the atomic mass without forming a different element. 
D)  Yes. Adding or losing neutrons will change the atomic mass without forming a different element. 
A)  No, it is fixed; otherwise a new element will be formed. 
B)  Yes. Adding or losing electrons will substantially change the atomic mass. 
C)  Yes. Adding or losing protons will change the atomic mass without forming a different element. 
D)  Yes. Adding or losing neutrons will change the atomic mass without forming a different element.

Question 8

Bonds between two atoms that are equally electronegative are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen bonds 
B)  polar covalent bonds 
C)  nonpolar covalent bonds 
D)  ionic bonds 
A)  hydrogen bonds 
B)  polar covalent bonds 
C)  nonpolar covalent bonds 
D)  ionic bonds

Question 9

Compared with 31P, the radioactive isotope 32P has

Accepted Answer

A)  a different atomic number. 
B)  one more proton. 
C)  one more electron. 
D)  one more neutron. 
A)  a different atomic number. 
B)  one more proton. 
C)  one more electron. 
D)  one more neutron.

Question 10

The atomic number of chlorine is 17. The atomic number of magnesium is 12. What is the formula for magnesium chloride?

Accepted Answer

A)  MgCl 
B)  MgCl2 
C)  Mg2Cl 
D)  MgCl3 
A)  MgCl 
B)  MgCl2 
C)  Mg2Cl 
D)  MgCl3

Question 11

Which bond or interaction would be difficult to disrupt when compounds are put into water?

Accepted Answer

A)  covalent bonds between carbon atoms 
B)  hydrogen bonds 
C)  ionic bonds 
D)  ionic and hydrogen bonds 
A)  covalent bonds between carbon atoms 
B)  hydrogen bonds 
C)  ionic bonds 
D)  ionic and hydrogen bonds

Question 12

Trace elements are those required by an organism in only minute quantities. Which of the following is a trace element that is required by humans and other vertebrates, but not by other organisms such as bacteria or plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium 
B)  iodine 
C)  sodium 
D)  phosphorus 
A)  calcium 
B)  iodine 
C)  sodium 
D)  phosphorus

Question 13

What is the maximum number of hydrogen atoms that can be covalently bonded in a molecule containing two carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  two 
B)  four 
C)  six 
D)  eight 
A)  two 
B)  four 
C)  six 
D)  eight

Question 14

Which of the following is broken when water evaporates?

Accepted Answer

A)  nonpolar covalent bonds 
B)  ionic bonds 
C)  hydrogen bonds 
D)  polar covalent bonds 
A)  nonpolar covalent bonds 
B)  ionic bonds 
C)  hydrogen bonds 
D)  polar covalent bonds

Question 15

Which of the following are compounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  H₂O, O₂ and CH₄ 
B)  H₂O and O₂ 
C)  O₂ and CH₄ 
D)  H₂O and CH₄, but not O₂ 
A)  H₂O, O₂ and CH₄ 
B)  H₂O and O₂ 
C)  O₂ and CH₄ 
D)  H₂O and CH₄, but not O₂

Question 16

What coefficients must be placed in the following blanks so that all atoms are accounted for in the products?
C₆H₁₂O₆ → ________ C₂H₆O + ________ CO₂

Accepted Answer

A)  2; 1 
B)  3; 1 
C)  1; 3 
D)  2; 2 
A)  2; 1 
B)  3; 1 
C)  1; 3 
D)  2; 2

Question 17

What causes the shape of the molecule shown?

Accepted Answer

A)  the shape of the two p orbitals in the carbon atom 
B)  the shape of the one s orbital in the carbon atom 
C)  the shape of the sp3 hybrid orbitals of the electrons shared between the carbon and hydrogen atoms 
D)  hydrogen bonding configurations between the carbon and hydrogen atoms 
A)  the shape of the two p orbitals in the carbon atom 
B)  the shape of the one s orbital in the carbon atom 
C)  the shape of the sp3 hybrid orbitals of the electrons shared between the carbon and hydrogen atoms 
D)  hydrogen bonding configurations between the carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 18

We can represent atoms by listing the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons-for example, 2p+, 2n0, 2e- for helium. Which of the following represents the 18O isotope of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)  7p+, 2n0, 9e- 
B)  8p+, 10n0, 8e- 
C)  9p+, 9n0, 9e- 
D)  10p+, 8n0, 9e- 
A)  7p+, 2n0, 9e- 
B)  8p+, 10n0, 8e- 
C)  9p+, 9n0, 9e- 
D)  10p+, 8n0, 9e-

Question 19

What is the difference between covalent bonds and ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Covalent bonds involve the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the sharing of single electrons between atoms. 
B)  Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the electrical attraction between charged atoms. 
C)  Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the sharing of protons between charged atoms. 
D)  Covalent bonds involve the transfer of electrons between charged atoms; ionic bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms. 
A)  Covalent bonds involve the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the sharing of single electrons between atoms. 
B)  Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the electrical attraction between charged atoms. 
C)  Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the sharing of protons between charged atoms. 
D)  Covalent bonds involve the transfer of electrons between charged atoms; ionic bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Question 20

How many electron pairs are shared between carbon atoms in a molecule that has the formula C2H4?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four

Exam 2: The Chemical Context of Life

A(n) ________ has charge but negligible mass, whereas a(n) ________ has mass but no charge.

A neutral atom has two, eight, eight electrons in its first, second and third energy levels. This information ________.

How is a single covalent bond formed?

The atomic number of nitrogen is 7. Nitrogen-15 has a greater mass number than nitrogen-14 because the atomic nucleus of nitrogen-15 contains ________.

Which of the following is true for the reaction?

How many electrons will a single atom of sulphur with no charge and no bonds have in its valence shell?

Can the atomic mass of an element vary?

Bonds between two atoms that are equally electronegative are ________.

Compared with 31P, the radioactive isotope 32P has

The atomic number of chlorine is 17. The atomic number of magnesium is 12. What is the formula for magnesium chloride?

Which bond or interaction would be difficult to disrupt when compounds are put into water?

Trace elements are those required by an organism in only minute quantities. Which of the following is a trace element that is required by humans and other vertebrates, but not by other organisms such as bacteria or plants?

What is the maximum number of hydrogen atoms that can be covalently bonded in a molecule containing two carbon atoms?

Which of the following is broken when water evaporates?

Which of the following are compounds?

What coefficients must be placed in the following blanks so that all atoms are accounted for in the products? C₆H₁₂O₆ → ________ C₂H₆O + ________ CO₂

What causes the shape of the molecule shown?

We can represent atoms by listing the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons-for example, 2p+, 2n0, 2e- for helium. Which of the following represents the 18O isotope of oxygen?

What is the difference between covalent bonds and ionic bonds?

How many electron pairs are shared between carbon atoms in a molecule that has the formula C2H4?

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonised Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Filters

A(n) has charge but negligible mass, whereas a(n) has mass but no charge.

What coefficients must be placed in the following blanks so that all atoms are accounted for in the products? C₆H₁₂O₆ → C₂H₆O + CO₂

We can represent atoms by listing the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons-for example, 2p⁺, 2n⁰, 2e^- for helium. Which of the following represents the 18O isotope of oxygen?

How many electron pairs are shared between carbon atoms in a molecule that has the formula C₂H₄?