Question 1

The element present in all organic molecules is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen 
B)  oxygen 
C)  carbon 
D)  nitrogen 
A)  hydrogen 
B)  oxygen 
C)  carbon 
D)  nitrogen

Question 2

The two molecules shown in the figures are best described as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  enantiomers 
B)  structural isomers 
C)  cis-trans isomers 
D)  chain length isomers 
A)  enantiomers 
B)  structural isomers 
C)  cis-trans isomers 
D)  chain length isomers

Question 3

Which functional group is not present in this molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  carboxyl 
B)  sulfhydryl 
C)  hydroxyl 
D)  amino 
A)  carboxyl 
B)  sulfhydryl 
C)  hydroxyl 
D)  amino

Question 4

A. 
B. 
C. 
D.  
- Which molecule shown above contains a functional group that is a part of the molecule known as the "energy currency of living organisms"?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 5

A. $- \mathrm { OH }$
B.  
C. $- \mathrm { NH } _ { 2 }$
D. $- \mathrm { SH }$
- Which of the groups is an acidic functional group that can dissociate and release H? into a solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 6

The complexity and variety of organic molecules is due to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the chemical versatility of carbon atoms 
B)  the variety of rare elements in organic molecules 
C)  the diverse bonding patterns of nitrogen 
D)  their interaction with water 
A)  the chemical versatility of carbon atoms 
B)  the variety of rare elements in organic molecules 
C)  the diverse bonding patterns of nitrogen 
D)  their interaction with water

Question 7

- The figure shows the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules differ in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  number of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms 
B)  types of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms 
C)  arrangement of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms 
D)  number of oxygen atoms joined to carbon atoms by double covalent bonds 
A)  number of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms 
B)  types of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms 
C)  arrangement of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms 
D)  number of oxygen atoms joined to carbon atoms by double covalent bonds

Question 8

Differences among organisms are caused by differences in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  elemental composition from organism to organism 
B)  types and relative amounts of organic molecules synthesised by each organism 
C)  sizes of the organic molecules in each organism 
D)  types of inorganic compounds present in each organism 
A)  elemental composition from organism to organism 
B)  types and relative amounts of organic molecules synthesised by each organism 
C)  sizes of the organic molecules in each organism 
D)  types of inorganic compounds present in each organism

Question 9

A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
-Which molecule has at least one carbon atom attached to three different chemical groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  D 
D)  A and B 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  D 
D)  A and B

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  ADP contains more energy than ATP. 
B)  Following hydrolysis, ATP can give off one phosphate, whereas ADP cannot. 
C)  ADP can have two positive charges. 
D)  ATP can have four negative charges. 
A)  ADP contains more energy than ATP. 
B)  Following hydrolysis, ATP can give off one phosphate, whereas ADP cannot. 
C)  ADP can have two positive charges. 
D)  ATP can have four negative charges.

Question 11

Miller's classic experiment demonstrated that a discharge of sparks through a mixture of gases could result in the formation of a large variety of organic compounds. Miller did not use ________ as one of the gases in his experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)  methane 
B)  oxygen 
C)  water 
D)  ammonia 
A)  methane 
B)  oxygen 
C)  water 
D)  ammonia

Question 12

Stanley Miller's 1953 experiments supported the hypothesis that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  life on Earth arose from simple inorganic molecules 
B)  organic molecules can be synthesised abiotically under conditions that may have existed on early Earth 
C)  life on Earth arose from simple organic molecules, with energy from lightning and volcanoes 
D)  the conditions on early Earth were conducive to the origin of life 
A)  life on Earth arose from simple inorganic molecules 
B)  organic molecules can be synthesised abiotically under conditions that may have existed on early Earth 
C)  life on Earth arose from simple organic molecules, with energy from lightning and volcanoes 
D)  the conditions on early Earth were conducive to the origin of life

Question 13

Organic molecules with only hydrogens and five carbon atoms cannot ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  have a branching carbon skeleton 
B)  have different combinations of double bonds between carbon atoms 
C)  have different positions of double bonds between carbon atoms 
D)  form enantiomers 
A)  have a branching carbon skeleton 
B)  have different combinations of double bonds between carbon atoms 
C)  have different positions of double bonds between carbon atoms 
D)  form enantiomers

Question 14

A. $- \mathrm { OH }$
B.  
C. $- \mathrm { NH } _ { 2 }$
D. $- \mathrm { SH }$
- Which of the functional groups shown is present in ethanol but not in ethane?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 15

Use the figures to answer the question. A. 
B. 
C. 
D.  Which molecule(s) shown is (are) ionised in a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B and D 
C)  C and D 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B and D 
C)  C and D 
D)  D

Question 16

In an ethane (C2H6) molecule, each carbon atom is bonded to ________ hydrogen atoms.

Accepted Answer

A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  six 
A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  six

Question 17

Which of the following is true of carbon?

Accepted Answer

A)  It forms only polar molecules. 
B)  It can form a maximum of three covalent bonds with other elements. 
C)  It is highly electronegative. 
D)  It can form both polar and nonpolar bonds. 
A)  It forms only polar molecules. 
B)  It can form a maximum of three covalent bonds with other elements. 
C)  It is highly electronegative. 
D)  It can form both polar and nonpolar bonds.

Question 18

Each bond in carbon dioxide represents ________.
$\mathrm { O } = \mathrm { C } = \mathrm { O }$

Accepted Answer

A)  one resonating electron 
B)  a pair of shared electrons 
C)  two pairs of shared electrons 
D)  a pair of protons 
A)  one resonating electron 
B)  a pair of shared electrons 
C)  two pairs of shared electrons 
D)  a pair of protons

Exam 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The element present in all organic molecules is ________.

The two molecules shown in the figures are best described as ________.

Which functional group is not present in this molecule?

A. B. C. D. - Which molecule shown above contains a functional group that is a part of the molecule known as the "energy currency of living organisms"?

A. −OH- \mathrm { OH }−OH B. C. −NH2- \mathrm { NH } _ { 2 }−NH2​ D. −SH- \mathrm { SH }−SH - Which of the groups is an acidic functional group that can dissociate and release H? into a solution?

The complexity and variety of organic molecules is due to ________.

- The figure shows the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules differ in the ________.

Differences among organisms are caused by differences in the ________.

A. B. C. D. -Which molecule has at least one carbon atom attached to three different chemical groups?

Which of the following statements is true?

Miller's classic experiment demonstrated that a discharge of sparks through a mixture of gases could result in the formation of a large variety of organic compounds. Miller did not use ________ as one of the gases in his experiment.

Stanley Miller's 1953 experiments supported the hypothesis that ________.

Organic molecules with only hydrogens and five carbon atoms cannot ________.

A. −OH- \mathrm { OH }−OH B. C. −NH2- \mathrm { NH } _ { 2 }−NH2​ D. −SH- \mathrm { SH }−SH - Which of the functional groups shown is present in ethanol but not in ethane?

Use the figures to answer the question. A. B. C. D. Which molecule(s) shown is (are) ionised in a cell?

In an ethane (C2H6) molecule, each carbon atom is bonded to ________ hydrogen atoms.

Which of the following is true of carbon?

Each bond in carbon dioxide represents ________. O=C=O\mathrm { O } = \mathrm { C } = \mathrm { O }O=C=O

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonised Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Filters

In an ethane (C₂H₆) molecule, each carbon atom is bonded to ________ hydrogen atoms.

Each bond in carbon dioxide represents ________. $\mathrm { O } = \mathrm { C } = \mathrm { O }$