Question 1

The activity of adenylyl cyclase is essentially the opposite of which of the following enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  protein kinase 
B)  protein phosphatase 
C)  phosphodiesterase 
D)  phosphorylase 
A)  protein kinase 
B)  protein phosphatase 
C)  phosphodiesterase 
D)  phosphorylase

Question 2

Which of the following processes generally requires protein phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

A)  activation of receptor tyrosine kinases 
B)  activation of steroid hormone receptors 
C)  activation of G protein-coupled receptors 
D)  activation ligand-gated ion channels 
A)  activation of receptor tyrosine kinases 
B)  activation of steroid hormone receptors 
C)  activation of G protein-coupled receptors 
D)  activation ligand-gated ion channels

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true of steroid receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  The receptor molecules are themselves lipids or glycolipids. 
B)  The receptor may be inside the nucleus of a target cell. 
C)  The unbound steroid receptors are quickly recycled by lysosomes. 
D)  Steroid receptors are typically bound to the external surface of the nuclear membrane. 
A)  The receptor molecules are themselves lipids or glycolipids. 
B)  The receptor may be inside the nucleus of a target cell. 
C)  The unbound steroid receptors are quickly recycled by lysosomes. 
D)  Steroid receptors are typically bound to the external surface of the nuclear membrane.

Question 4

Binding of a signalling molecule to which type of receptor leads directly to a change in the distribution of substances on opposite sides of the membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  intracellular receptor 
B)  G protein-coupled receptor 
C)  phosphorylated receptor tyrosine kinase dimer 
D)  ligand-gated ion channel 
A)  intracellular receptor 
B)  G protein-coupled receptor 
C)  phosphorylated receptor tyrosine kinase dimer 
D)  ligand-gated ion channel

Question 5

In research on ageing (both cellular ageing and organismal ageing), it has been found that aged cells do not progress through the cell cycle as they had previously. Which of the following, if found in cells or organisms as they age, would provide evidence that this is related to cell signalling?

Accepted Answer

A)  Growth factor ligands do not bind as efficiently to receptors. 
B)  Hormone concentrations decrease. 
C)  cAMP levels change very frequently. 
D)  Enzymatic activity declines. 
A)  Growth factor ligands do not bind as efficiently to receptors. 
B)  Hormone concentrations decrease. 
C)  cAMP levels change very frequently. 
D)  Enzymatic activity declines.

Exam 11: Cell Communication

The activity of adenylyl cyclase is essentially the opposite of which of the following enzymes?

Which of the following processes generally requires protein phosphorylation?

Which of the following statements is true of steroid receptors?

Binding of a signalling molecule to which type of receptor leads directly to a change in the distribution of substances on opposite sides of the membrane?

In research on ageing (both cellular ageing and organismal ageing), it has been found that aged cells do not progress through the cell cycle as they had previously. Which of the following, if found in cells or organisms as they age, would provide evidence that this is related to cell signalling?

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonised Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

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