Question 1

The _______ hypothesis states that no difference exists due to the variable under investigation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ hypothesis states that no difference...

Question 2

Evolution is

Accepted Answer

A)  not important to the study of biology. 
B)  the change in the genetic makeup of a population through time. 
C)  the change in protein expression of a population through time. 
D)  not influenced by natural selection. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  not important to the study of biology. 
B)  the change in the genetic makeup of a population through time. 
C)  the change in protein expression of a population through time. 
D)  not influenced by natural selection. 
E)  None of the above

Question 3

_______ are structural, physiological, or behavioral traits that enhance an organism's chance of survival and reproduction in its environment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ are structural, physiological, or behavioral traits...

Question 4

A population differs from a community in that a community

Accepted Answer

A)  consists of just one species. 
B)  includes the abiotic environment. 
C)  consists of many species. 
D)  is synonymous with an ecosystem. 
E)  is a group of the same species that interact with each other. 
A)  consists of just one species. 
B)  includes the abiotic environment. 
C)  consists of many species. 
D)  is synonymous with an ecosystem. 
E)  is a group of the same species that interact with each other.

Question 5

The main purpose of any single experiment is to

Accepted Answer

A)  obtain accurate quantitative measurements. 
B)  prove unambiguously that a particular hypothesis is correct. 
C)  avoid comparative analysis. 
D)  answer as many key questions as possible. 
E)  test a prediction that is based on a hypothesis. 
A)  obtain accurate quantitative measurements. 
B)  prove unambiguously that a particular hypothesis is correct. 
C)  avoid comparative analysis. 
D)  answer as many key questions as possible. 
E)  test a prediction that is based on a hypothesis.

Question 6

For a hypothesis to be scientifically valid, it must be _______ and it must be possible to _______ it.

Accepted Answer

A)  testable; prove 
B)  testable; reject 
C)  controlled; prove 
D)  controlled; reject 
E)  testable; control 
A)  testable; prove 
B)  testable; reject 
C)  controlled; prove 
D)  controlled; reject 
E)  testable; control

Question 7

A _______ tree shows the evolutionary relationships among species.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A _______ tree shows the evolutionary relationships...

Question 8

The domain Eukarya includes all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  Archaea. 
B)  the kingdom Plantae. 
C)  the kingdom Fungi. 
D)  the kingdom Animalia. 
E)  protists. 
A)  Archaea. 
B)  the kingdom Plantae. 
C)  the kingdom Fungi. 
D)  the kingdom Animalia. 
E)  protists.

Question 9

Currently, scientists agree with the estimate that life first appeared approximately _______ years ago.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Currently, scientists agree with the estimate that...

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the experiments of Tyrone Hayes on abnormalities of male frog sex organs is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  In a set of controlled experiments, he had to reject his hypothesis that atrazine was causing abnormalities in male frogs. 
B)  As a result of the comparative experiments, he formed a new hypothesis that snails were causing the limb deformities in the frogs. 
C)  The controlled experiments compared the effects of various atrazine concentrations on reproductive tissues. 
D)  He reasoned, by means of inductive logic, that if atrazine caused abnormal testes development, then such deformities could be caused simply by exposing developing tadpoles to various concentrations of atrazine. 
E)  The abnormality rate was proportional to the level of atrazine exposure. 
A)  In a set of controlled experiments, he had to reject his hypothesis that atrazine was causing abnormalities in male frogs. 
B)  As a result of the comparative experiments, he formed a new hypothesis that snails were causing the limb deformities in the frogs. 
C)  The controlled experiments compared the effects of various atrazine concentrations on reproductive tissues. 
D)  He reasoned, by means of inductive logic, that if atrazine caused abnormal testes development, then such deformities could be caused simply by exposing developing tadpoles to various concentrations of atrazine. 
E)  The abnormality rate was proportional to the level of atrazine exposure.

Question 11

The total chemical activity of a living organism is called its _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The total chemical activity of a living...

Question 12

Eukaryotes resemble prokaryotes in that both

Accepted Answer

A)  contain nuclei. 
B)  have organelles. 
C)  have plasma membranes. 
D)  are multicellular. 
E)  contain specialized cells. 
A)  contain nuclei. 
B)  have organelles. 
C)  have plasma membranes. 
D)  are multicellular. 
E)  contain specialized cells.

Question 13

Fatlike molecules were the critical ingredient in the enclosure of biological molecules in _______ because these molecules are not _______ in water and tend to form membrane-like _______.

Accepted Answer

membranes;

Question 14

Which of the following can result from a scientific investigation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proof of the hypothesis 
B)  Refinement of the experimental design 
C)  Formulation of new questions that result in additional experimentation 
D)  Repetition of statistical tests to verify results 
E)  Development of additional technologies to meet the needs of scientists 
A)  Proof of the hypothesis 
B)  Refinement of the experimental design 
C)  Formulation of new questions that result in additional experimentation 
D)  Repetition of statistical tests to verify results 
E)  Development of additional technologies to meet the needs of scientists

Question 15

In the scientific method, a hypothesis

Accepted Answer

A)  is a final answer to a question. 
B)  is formulated by deductive logic. 
C)  does not have to be testable. 
D)  is the basis for making predictions. 
E)  is formulated solely by speculation. 
A)  is a final answer to a question. 
B)  is formulated by deductive logic. 
C)  does not have to be testable. 
D)  is the basis for making predictions. 
E)  is formulated solely by speculation.

Question 16

Scientists group species on an evolutionary tree that is based on

Accepted Answer

A)  the fossil record. 
B)  physical structures. 
C)  genomic sequencing. 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  the fossil record. 
B)  physical structures. 
C)  genomic sequencing. 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 17

All cells in a complicated multicellular organism

Accepted Answer

A)  contain the same genome. 
B)  have the same function. 
C)  express the same parts of the genome at the same time during development. 
D)  control the expression of the genome. 
E)  randomly express parts of the genome. 
A)  contain the same genome. 
B)  have the same function. 
C)  express the same parts of the genome at the same time during development. 
D)  control the expression of the genome. 
E)  randomly express parts of the genome.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the scientific method is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deductive logic is used to make predictions from a hypothesis. 
B)  The most informative experiments are those that have the ability to show that a hypothesis is correct. 
C)  In a comparative experiment, a scientist compares groups that differ in a variable that has been manipulated in one of the groups and left unaltered in the other group. 
D)  Controlled experiments are valuable when we do not know or cannot control the critical variables. 
E)  A statistical test of a hypothesis starts with the premise that a significant difference exists between the groups in the study. 
A)  Deductive logic is used to make predictions from a hypothesis. 
B)  The most informative experiments are those that have the ability to show that a hypothesis is correct. 
C)  In a comparative experiment, a scientist compares groups that differ in a variable that has been manipulated in one of the groups and left unaltered in the other group. 
D)  Controlled experiments are valuable when we do not know or cannot control the critical variables. 
E)  A statistical test of a hypothesis starts with the premise that a significant difference exists between the groups in the study.

Question 19

The study of biology can be organized from the most basic unit, the molecule, up to the biosphere. Describe how each level is connected with the level below it.

Accepted Answer

The cell is composed of many different t

Question 20

Look over a recent newspaper to see how many articles are directly related to biology. Select one article and discuss how the researchers followed or did not follow the hypothesis-prediction approach.

Accepted Answer

Often an article reporting on science ne

Exam 1: Studying Life

The _______ hypothesis states that no difference exists due to the variable under investigation.

Evolution is

_______ are structural, physiological, or behavioral traits that enhance an organism's chance of survival and reproduction in its environment.

A population differs from a community in that a community

The main purpose of any single experiment is to

For a hypothesis to be scientifically valid, it must be _______ and it must be possible to _______ it.

A _______ tree shows the evolutionary relationships among species.

The domain Eukarya includes all of the following except

Currently, scientists agree with the estimate that life first appeared approximately _______ years ago.

Which of the following statements about the experiments of Tyrone Hayes on abnormalities of male frog sex organs is correct?

The total chemical activity of a living organism is called its _______.

Eukaryotes resemble prokaryotes in that both

Fatlike molecules were the critical ingredient in the enclosure of biological molecules in _______ because these molecules are not _______ in water and tend to form membrane-like _______.

Which of the following can result from a scientific investigation?

In the scientific method, a hypothesis

Scientists group species on an evolutionary tree that is based on

All cells in a complicated multicellular organism

Which of the following statements about the scientific method is correct?

The study of biology can be organized from the most basic unit, the molecule, up to the biosphere. Describe how each level is connected with the level below it.

Look over a recent newspaper to see how many articles are directly related to biology. Select one article and discuss how the researchers followed or did not follow the hypothesis-prediction approach.

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Species and Their Formation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi: Recyclers, Pathogens, Parasites, and Plant Partners

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange in Animals

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Distribution of Life

Population Ecology

Species Interaction and Coevolution

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

Conservation Biology

Filters

For a hypothesis to be scientifically valid, it must be _ and it must be possible to _ it.

Fatlike molecules were the critical ingredient in the enclosure of biological molecules in ___ because these molecules are not _ in water and tend to form membrane-like _____.