Question 1

Oxygen gas (O2) in Earth's early atmosphere

Accepted Answer

A)  allowed the evolution of anoxic metabolism. 
B)  depleted ozone in the atmosphere. 
C)  increased damage to organisms by allowing more ultraviolet light in. 
D)  allowed organisms to move from the sea to land. 
E)  was not toxic to most prokaryotes. 
A)  allowed the evolution of anoxic metabolism. 
B)  depleted ozone in the atmosphere. 
C)  increased damage to organisms by allowing more ultraviolet light in. 
D)  allowed organisms to move from the sea to land. 
E)  was not toxic to most prokaryotes.

Question 2

Genomes are

Accepted Answer

A)  the shared of genetic information among all living cells. 
B)  usually made of RNA. 
C)  made of proteins. 
D)  the sum of genetic information in a cell. 
E)  only found in animal and plant cells. 
A)  the shared of genetic information among all living cells. 
B)  usually made of RNA. 
C)  made of proteins. 
D)  the sum of genetic information in a cell. 
E)  only found in animal and plant cells.

Question 3

The fact that all cells come from preexisting cells is a component of _______ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  animal 
B)  genetic 
C)  cell 
D)  plant 
E)  adaptation 
A)  animal 
B)  genetic 
C)  cell 
D)  plant 
E)  adaptation

Question 4

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Statistical methods are applied to data in order to calculate the likelihood that the null hypothesis is incorrect. 
B)  Statistical tests analyze variation and calculate the probability that observed differences in an experiment could be due to random variation. 
C)  Statistical tests can be used to evaluate both comparative and controlled experiments. 
D)  Scientists generally conclude that the differences they measure are true if the statistical tests show that the probability of error is 5 percent or lower. 
E)  The power of science derives from absolute dependence on evidence that comes from reproducible and quantifiable observations. 
A)  Statistical methods are applied to data in order to calculate the likelihood that the null hypothesis is incorrect. 
B)  Statistical tests analyze variation and calculate the probability that observed differences in an experiment could be due to random variation. 
C)  Statistical tests can be used to evaluate both comparative and controlled experiments. 
D)  Scientists generally conclude that the differences they measure are true if the statistical tests show that the probability of error is 5 percent or lower. 
E)  The power of science derives from absolute dependence on evidence that comes from reproducible and quantifiable observations.

Question 5

The ability to use energy from sunlight to synthesize complex molecules is known as _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ability to use energy from sunlight...

Question 6

In a model experiment, researchers subjected frogs to various levels of atrazine while keeping all other variables constant. This is an example of a _______ experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)  controlled 
B)  repeated 
C)  laboratory 
D)  comparative 
E)  None of the above 
A)  controlled 
B)  repeated 
C)  laboratory 
D)  comparative 
E)  None of the above

Question 7

A species consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  all the organisms that live together in a particular area. 
B)  morphologically similar organisms that cannot interbreed. 
C)  morphologically similar organisms capable of interbreeding. 
D)  an adult organism and all of its offspring. 
E)  morphologically similar organisms that live in the same area. 
A)  all the organisms that live together in a particular area. 
B)  morphologically similar organisms that cannot interbreed. 
C)  morphologically similar organisms capable of interbreeding. 
D)  an adult organism and all of its offspring. 
E)  morphologically similar organisms that live in the same area.

Question 8

Comparative experiments are designed to answer questions that require

Accepted Answer

A)  observation and comparison rather than controlled variables. 
B)  experimental groups and control groups. 
C)  little or no data collection. 
D)  a final, definitive answer. 
E)  the collection of qualitative data. 
A)  observation and comparison rather than controlled variables. 
B)  experimental groups and control groups. 
C)  little or no data collection. 
D)  a final, definitive answer. 
E)  the collection of qualitative data.

Question 9

After observing that fish live in clean water but not in polluted water, researchers state that "polluted water kills fish." This statement is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  scientific inquiry. 
B)  biological evolution. 
C)  a prediction. 
D)  a hypothesis. 
E)  a theory. 
A)  scientific inquiry. 
B)  biological evolution. 
C)  a prediction. 
D)  a hypothesis. 
E)  a theory.

Question 10

The initial accumulation of oxygen in the atmosphere was the result of photosynthesis from an organism most like modern

Accepted Answer

A)  cyanobacteria. 
B)  algae. 
C)  mosses. 
D)  kelp. 
E)  eukaryotes. 
A)  cyanobacteria. 
B)  algae. 
C)  mosses. 
D)  kelp. 
E)  eukaryotes.

Question 11

Which of the following questions cannot be answered by means of the hypothetico-deductive method?

Accepted Answer

A)  Are bees more attracted to red roses than to yellow roses? 
B)  Are red roses more beautiful than yellow roses? 
C)  Why are red roses red? 
D)  Do red roses bloom earlier than yellow roses? 
E)  Are red roses more susceptible to mildew than yellow roses? 
A)  Are bees more attracted to red roses than to yellow roses? 
B)  Are red roses more beautiful than yellow roses? 
C)  Why are red roses red? 
D)  Do red roses bloom earlier than yellow roses? 
E)  Are red roses more susceptible to mildew than yellow roses?

Question 12

Metabolism refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection. 
B)  the chemical transformations and work of a cell. 
C)  communities. 
D)  mutations in DNA. 
E)  cellular structure. 
A)  natural selection. 
B)  the chemical transformations and work of a cell. 
C)  communities. 
D)  mutations in DNA. 
E)  cellular structure.

Question 13

Which of the following is not a major step in the hypothetico-deductive method?

Accepted Answer

A)  Controlling an environment 
B)  Making an observation 
C)  Forming a hypothesis 
D)  Making a prediction 
E)  Testing a prediction 
A)  Controlling an environment 
B)  Making an observation 
C)  Forming a hypothesis 
D)  Making a prediction 
E)  Testing a prediction

Question 14

Biologists have organized the diversity of life into three domains based largely on

Accepted Answer

A)  physical similarities. 
B)  ecological niches. 
C)  chronological order. 
D)  molecular data. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  physical similarities. 
B)  ecological niches. 
C)  chronological order. 
D)  molecular data. 
E)  All of the above

Question 15

Yeasts can be used to study human cancer because yeasts and humans

Accepted Answer

A)  share a genetic code. 
B)  are both prokaryotes. 
C)  have exactly the same genome. 
D)  have the same number of chromosomes. 
E)  None of the above; yeast cannot be used to study human cancer. 
A)  share a genetic code. 
B)  are both prokaryotes. 
C)  have exactly the same genome. 
D)  have the same number of chromosomes. 
E)  None of the above; yeast cannot be used to study human cancer.

Question 16

About _______ years ago, prokaryotes acquired the ability to photosynthesize.

Accepted Answer

The answer of About _______ years ago, prokaryotes acquired the...

Question 17

Which of the following is not a domain on the tree of life?

Accepted Answer

A)  Archaea 
B)  Plantae 
C)  Eukarya 
D)  Bacteria 
E)  All of the above are domains. 
A)  Archaea 
B)  Plantae 
C)  Eukarya 
D)  Bacteria 
E)  All of the above are domains.

Question 18

Multicellular organisms that are photosynthetic belong to the kingdom _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Multicellular organisms that are photosynthetic belong to...

Question 19

Ozone is important to life on Earth because it

Accepted Answer

A)  is toxic to all forms of life. 
B)  can be used in place of oxygen. 
C)  blocks much ultraviolet radiation. 
D)  provides energy to some basic forms of life. 
E)  acts as a disinfectant. 
A)  is toxic to all forms of life. 
B)  can be used in place of oxygen. 
C)  blocks much ultraviolet radiation. 
D)  provides energy to some basic forms of life. 
E)  acts as a disinfectant.

Question 20

Which one of the processes below is not dependent on interactions of plants with other organisms (including other plants)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Obtaining nutrients 
B)  Dispersing seeds 
C)  Producing fertile seeds 
D)  Competing for water 
E)  Regulating the internal environment 
A)  Obtaining nutrients 
B)  Dispersing seeds 
C)  Producing fertile seeds 
D)  Competing for water 
E)  Regulating the internal environment

Exam 1: Studying Life

Oxygen gas (O2) in Earth's early atmosphere

Genomes are

The fact that all cells come from preexisting cells is a component of _______ theory.

Which of the following statements is false?

The ability to use energy from sunlight to synthesize complex molecules is known as _______.

In a model experiment, researchers subjected frogs to various levels of atrazine while keeping all other variables constant. This is an example of a _______ experiment.

A species consists of

Comparative experiments are designed to answer questions that require

After observing that fish live in clean water but not in polluted water, researchers state that "polluted water kills fish." This statement is an example of

The initial accumulation of oxygen in the atmosphere was the result of photosynthesis from an organism most like modern

Which of the following questions cannot be answered by means of the hypothetico-deductive method?

Metabolism refers to

Which of the following is not a major step in the hypothetico-deductive method?

Biologists have organized the diversity of life into three domains based largely on

Yeasts can be used to study human cancer because yeasts and humans

About _______ years ago, prokaryotes acquired the ability to photosynthesize.

Which of the following is not a domain on the tree of life?

Multicellular organisms that are photosynthetic belong to the kingdom _______.

Ozone is important to life on Earth because it

Which one of the processes below is not dependent on interactions of plants with other organisms (including other plants)?

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Species and Their Formation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi: Recyclers, Pathogens, Parasites, and Plant Partners

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange in Animals

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Distribution of Life

Population Ecology

Species Interaction and Coevolution

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

Conservation Biology

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Oxygen gas (O₂) in Earth's early atmosphere