Question 1

Which of the following is not true for arbuscules?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are an ancient association between plants and fungi. 
B)  They expand the effective root area of plants and allow more efficient water uptake. 
C)  They are a significant source of fixed nitrogen for plants. 
D)  They are a significant source of phosphorous for plants. 
E)  Most land plants have them. 
A)  They are an ancient association between plants and fungi. 
B)  They expand the effective root area of plants and allow more efficient water uptake. 
C)  They are a significant source of fixed nitrogen for plants. 
D)  They are a significant source of phosphorous for plants. 
E)  Most land plants have them.

Question 2

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the diagram below, showing the nitrogen cycle.  
-Which bacterial group shown in the diagram has the effect of preventing a steady reduction in atmospheric nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

Denitrifyi

Question 3

The enzyme that catalyzes the fixation of nitrogen

Accepted Answer

A)  requires a lot of oxygen. 
B)  requires a powerful oxidizing agent. 
C)  requires only a plentiful supply of ATP. 
D)  requires both ATP and a powerful reducing agent. 
E)  is active in free-living rhizobia. 
A)  requires a lot of oxygen. 
B)  requires a powerful oxidizing agent. 
C)  requires only a plentiful supply of ATP. 
D)  requires both ATP and a powerful reducing agent. 
E)  is active in free-living rhizobia.

Question 4

Soil scientists recognize _______ major horizons: _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  two; A and B 
B)  four; top, top middle, middle, and lower 
C)  seven; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 
D)  two; upper and lower 
E)  three; A, B, and C 
A)  two; A and B 
B)  four; top, top middle, middle, and lower 
C)  seven; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 
D)  two; upper and lower 
E)  three; A, B, and C

Question 5

Which of the following processes is not part of the nitrogen cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Denitrification 
B)  Nitrification 
C)  Nitrate reduction by plants 
D)  Nitrogen fixation 
E)  Nitrate reduction by animals 
A)  Denitrification 
B)  Nitrification 
C)  Nitrate reduction by plants 
D)  Nitrogen fixation 
E)  Nitrate reduction by animals

Question 6

Explain how plants "grow into their nutrients."

Accepted Answer

Plants cannot move physically to areas w

Question 7

Excretion of CO2 and protons by roots into clay soils

Accepted Answer

A)  increases the availability of anions such as Cl- to plants. 
B)  hinders iron uptake. 
C)  increases the pH of the soil. 
D)  increases the availability of calcium. 
E)  makes the soil more basic. 
A)  increases the availability of anions such as Cl- to plants. 
B)  hinders iron uptake. 
C)  increases the pH of the soil. 
D)  increases the availability of calcium. 
E)  makes the soil more basic.

Question 8

Which four elements are found in highest concentration in plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphorus, calcium, hydrogen, carbon 
B)  Magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, potassium 
C)  Magnesium, iron, phosphorus, potassium 
D)  Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen 
E)  Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, potassium 
A)  Phosphorus, calcium, hydrogen, carbon 
B)  Magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, potassium 
C)  Magnesium, iron, phosphorus, potassium 
D)  Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen 
E)  Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, potassium

Question 9

The process of nitrogen fixation is the

Accepted Answer

A)  uptake of atmospheric nitrogen by plants. 
B)  conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. 
C)  production of nitrogen-bearing compounds in plants. 
D)  release of nitrogen into the atmosphere. 
E)  release of ammonia into the atmosphere. 
A)  uptake of atmospheric nitrogen by plants. 
B)  conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. 
C)  production of nitrogen-bearing compounds in plants. 
D)  release of nitrogen into the atmosphere. 
E)  release of ammonia into the atmosphere.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the chemical process of nitrogen fixation in cells is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  All three bonds between nitrogen atoms are broken simultaneously. 
B)  Hydrogen ions are added to N2 in three successive pairs. 
C)  Very little energy in the form of ATP is required. 
D)  A different enzyme catalyzes each of the many reactions. 
E)  It is enhanced by high oxygen concentrations. 
A)  All three bonds between nitrogen atoms are broken simultaneously. 
B)  Hydrogen ions are added to N2 in three successive pairs. 
C)  Very little energy in the form of ATP is required. 
D)  A different enzyme catalyzes each of the many reactions. 
E)  It is enhanced by high oxygen concentrations.

Question 11

The capture and digestion of insects allows carnivorous plants to

Accepted Answer

A)  pollinate their flowers. 
B)  absorb nitrogen compounds. 
C)  disperse their fruits. 
D)  overcome insect parasitism. 
E)  neutralize acidic soils. 
A)  pollinate their flowers. 
B)  absorb nitrogen compounds. 
C)  disperse their fruits. 
D)  overcome insect parasitism. 
E)  neutralize acidic soils.

Question 12

Nitrogen gas is reduced to ammonia by which of the following enzymes or processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rhizobium 
B)  Nitrogenase 
C)  Nitrification 
D)  Denitrification 
E)  Rhizobenase 
A)  Rhizobium 
B)  Nitrogenase 
C)  Nitrification 
D)  Denitrification 
E)  Rhizobenase

Question 13

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the diagram below, showing root nodule formation.  
-Identify the structures labeled A, B, C, D, and E.

Accepted Answer

(A) cortical cells;

Question 14

Nitrogen gas

Accepted Answer

A)  is very unstable. 
B)  may be reduced at high energy cost to ammonia. 
C)  is a readily available source of nitrogen to most plants. 
D)  is formed by nitrification. 
E)  is a significant direct contributor to the nitrogen in humans. 
A)  is very unstable. 
B)  may be reduced at high energy cost to ammonia. 
C)  is a readily available source of nitrogen to most plants. 
D)  is formed by nitrification. 
E)  is a significant direct contributor to the nitrogen in humans.

Question 15

Which of the following is a parasite?

Accepted Answer

A)  Venus flytrap 
B)  Pitcher plant 
C)  Sundew 
D)  Dodder 
E)  Tobacco 
A)  Venus flytrap 
B)  Pitcher plant 
C)  Sundew 
D)  Dodder 
E)  Tobacco

Question 16

The ionization of carbonic acid

Accepted Answer

A)  triggers the release of mineral ions from clay. 
B)  lowers the pH of soil. 
C)  reduces the leaching of phosphates and nitrates from soil. 
D)  causes laterization of the A horizon of soil. 
E)  increases the amount of soil carbon available to plants. 
A)  triggers the release of mineral ions from clay. 
B)  lowers the pH of soil. 
C)  reduces the leaching of phosphates and nitrates from soil. 
D)  causes laterization of the A horizon of soil. 
E)  increases the amount of soil carbon available to plants.

Question 17

Nitrogen fixers belong to which of the following groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cyanobacteria 
B)  Bacteria and Archaea 
C)  Plantae 
D)  Archaea 
E)  Bacteria and Plantae 
A)  Cyanobacteria 
B)  Bacteria and Archaea 
C)  Plantae 
D)  Archaea 
E)  Bacteria and Plantae

Question 18

The advantage of adding organic fertilizers (as opposed to inorganic fertilizers) to soils is that organic fertilizers

Accepted Answer

A)  improve the structure of soil. 
B)  are available in specific nutrient formulas for specific problems. 
C)  allow for a more rapid increase in nutrients. 
D)  leach the soil. 
E)  add clay particles to the soil. 
A)  improve the structure of soil. 
B)  are available in specific nutrient formulas for specific problems. 
C)  allow for a more rapid increase in nutrients. 
D)  leach the soil. 
E)  add clay particles to the soil.

Question 19

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the diagram below, showing root nodule formation.  
-Which letter indicates a structure in which there is a low level of oxygen due to the presence of leghemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the following to answer questions :
Refer...

Question 20

Nitrogen fixation is

Accepted Answer

A)  performed only by plants. 
B)  the oxidation of nitrogen gas. 
C)  catalyzed by the enzyme nitrogenase. 
D)  a single-step chemical reaction. 
E)  possible because N2 is a highly reactive substance. 
A)  performed only by plants. 
B)  the oxidation of nitrogen gas. 
C)  catalyzed by the enzyme nitrogenase. 
D)  a single-step chemical reaction. 
E)  possible because N2 is a highly reactive substance.

Exam 36: Plant Nutrition

Which of the following is not true for arbuscules?

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the diagram below, showing the nitrogen cycle. -Which bacterial group shown in the diagram has the effect of preventing a steady reduction in atmospheric nitrogen?

The enzyme that catalyzes the fixation of nitrogen

Soil scientists recognize _______ major horizons: _______.

Which of the following processes is not part of the nitrogen cycle?

Explain how plants "grow into their nutrients."

Excretion of CO2 and protons by roots into clay soils

Which four elements are found in highest concentration in plants?

The process of nitrogen fixation is the

Which of the following statements about the chemical process of nitrogen fixation in cells is true?

The capture and digestion of insects allows carnivorous plants to

Nitrogen gas is reduced to ammonia by which of the following enzymes or processes?

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the diagram below, showing root nodule formation. -Identify the structures labeled A, B, C, D, and E.

Nitrogen gas

Which of the following is a parasite?

The ionization of carbonic acid

Nitrogen fixers belong to which of the following groups?

The advantage of adding organic fertilizers (as opposed to inorganic fertilizers) to soils is that organic fertilizers

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the diagram below, showing root nodule formation. -Which letter indicates a structure in which there is a low level of oxygen due to the presence of leghemoglobin?

Nitrogen fixation is

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Species and Their Formation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi: Recyclers, Pathogens, Parasites, and Plant Partners

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange in Animals

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Distribution of Life

Population Ecology

Species Interaction and Coevolution

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

Conservation Biology

Filters

Soil scientists recognize _ major horizons: _.

Excretion of CO₂ and protons by roots into clay soils