Question 1

Which of the following does not describe the limits of the thermoneutral zone in an endotherm?

Accepted Answer

A)  The range of environmental temperatures between the upper critical and lower critical temperatures 
B)  The range of environmental temperatures over which an organism exhibits a basal metabolic rate 
C)  The range of body temperatures at which the metabolic rate is maximum 
D)  The range of environmental temperatures over which an organism's metabolic rate neither increases nor decreases for thermoregulation 
E)  All of the above describe the limits of the thermoneutral zone. 
A)  The range of environmental temperatures between the upper critical and lower critical temperatures 
B)  The range of environmental temperatures over which an organism exhibits a basal metabolic rate 
C)  The range of body temperatures at which the metabolic rate is maximum 
D)  The range of environmental temperatures over which an organism's metabolic rate neither increases nor decreases for thermoregulation 
E)  All of the above describe the limits of the thermoneutral zone.

Question 2

Organisms that sometimes regulate their own internal temperatures, but sometimes allow their temperature to be determined by the environment, are called

Accepted Answer

A)  endotherms. 
B)  ectotherms. 
C)  heterotherms. 
D)  pyrotherms. 
E)  varitherms. 
A)  endotherms. 
B)  ectotherms. 
C)  heterotherms. 
D)  pyrotherms. 
E)  varitherms.

Question 3

You are a graduate student on an expedition that is studying animals in an area of a national park that is about to be opened to the public for recreation and limited logging. Part of this study is to survey and characterize the mammalian life in the area. You find a small rodent that has a short tail, copious brown fat deposits, and oil in its fur. With these anatomical features, what can you infer about this animal?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an ectotherm and very likely a poikilotherm. 
B)  It is likely an ectotherm that spends some time in the water. 
C)  It likely hibernates and spends some time in the water. 
D)  It lives in a very warm climate and is adapted to release heat efficiently. 
E)  It lives in a very dry climate and has adaptations to conserve water. 
A)  It is an ectotherm and very likely a poikilotherm. 
B)  It is likely an ectotherm that spends some time in the water. 
C)  It likely hibernates and spends some time in the water. 
D)  It lives in a very warm climate and is adapted to release heat efficiently. 
E)  It lives in a very dry climate and has adaptations to conserve water.

Question 4

To calculate the sensitivity of a physiological process or reaction to temperature, you must calculate its rates both at a certain temperature and at a temperature lower by _______°C.

Accepted Answer

The answer of To calculate the sensitivity of a physiological...

Question 5

In vertebrates, the major integrative center of the thermostat is located in the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In vertebrates, the major integrative center of...

Question 6

If you compare a group of ectotherms and a group of endotherms, both have methods to influence their body temperatures by altering which avenues for heat exchange?

Accepted Answer

A)  Radiation 
B)  Evaporation 
C)  Convection 
D)  Conduction 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Radiation 
B)  Evaporation 
C)  Convection 
D)  Conduction 
E)  All of the above

Question 7

Which of the following would serve to increase the set point of a regulatory system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Negative feedback 
B)  Positive feedback 
C)  Feedforward information 
D)  Insensitivity to information 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Negative feedback 
B)  Positive feedback 
C)  Feedforward information 
D)  Insensitivity to information 
E)  None of the above

Question 8

Connective tissues differ from one another mostly in their

Accepted Answer

A)  cellular structure. 
B)  function in support. 
C)  matrix composition and properties. 
D)  location in the body. 
E)  cell packing. 
A)  cellular structure. 
B)  function in support. 
C)  matrix composition and properties. 
D)  location in the body. 
E)  cell packing.

Question 9

Environmental temperature influences the body tem­perature of many animals, especially those that live in _______ environments.

Accepted Answer

A)  cave 
B)  urban 
C)  aquatic 
D)  terrestrial 
E)  mountaintop 
A)  cave 
B)  urban 
C)  aquatic 
D)  terrestrial 
E)  mountaintop

Question 10

You discover a previously unknown species of lizard. You want to know more about how it completes glycolysis and what environments it can inhabit. You measure the amount of sugar it uses at 30°C and how much it uses at 20°C. Lowering the temperature has no effect on its rate of consumption. From this data, you can conclude that

Accepted Answer

A)  this lizard is actually endothermic. 
B)  the reactions that make up glycolysis have a Q10 value of over 4. 
C)  this lizard hibernates in the winter. 
D)  this lizard has an optimum temperature of 35°C or above. 
E)  this lizard must be a salamander. 
A)  this lizard is actually endothermic. 
B)  the reactions that make up glycolysis have a Q10 value of over 4. 
C)  this lizard hibernates in the winter. 
D)  this lizard has an optimum temperature of 35°C or above. 
E)  this lizard must be a salamander.

Question 11

Use the following to answer questions :
Predict the probable metabolic response of a mam­mal exposed to a 3°-5°C environmental temperature change from the list below. 
-The environmental temperature fluctuates between the upper and the lower critical temperatures.

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased metabolic rate 
B)  Decreased metabolic rate 
C)  No change in metabolic rate 
D)  Death 
A)  Increased metabolic rate 
B)  Decreased metabolic rate 
C)  No change in metabolic rate 
D)  Death

Question 12

The Q10, which describes the sensitivity of a reaction to temperature, is calculated as the

Accepted Answer

A)  rate of a process at a certain temperature, divided by its rate at 10°C. 
B)  rate of a process at a certain temperature, divided by its rate at a temperature 10°C lower. 
C)  rate of a process at a certain temperature, divided by its rate at a temperature 10°C higher. 
D)  temperature at which the rate of a certain process doubles. 
E)  temperature at which the rate of a certain process becomes insignificant. 
A)  rate of a process at a certain temperature, divided by its rate at 10°C. 
B)  rate of a process at a certain temperature, divided by its rate at a temperature 10°C lower. 
C)  rate of a process at a certain temperature, divided by its rate at a temperature 10°C higher. 
D)  temperature at which the rate of a certain process doubles. 
E)  temperature at which the rate of a certain process becomes insignificant.

Question 13

Compared to "cold" fish, "hot" fish, such as bluefin tuna, keep a higher temperature difference between their body and the surrounding water because they

Accepted Answer

A)  produce thermogenins. 
B)  have a countercurrent heat exchange system of veins and arteries. 
C)  shiver to create more heat. 
D)  have many brown fat tissues. 
E)  have a large dorsal aorta that keeps them warm. 
A)  produce thermogenins. 
B)  have a countercurrent heat exchange system of veins and arteries. 
C)  shiver to create more heat. 
D)  have many brown fat tissues. 
E)  have a large dorsal aorta that keeps them warm.

Question 14

Which of the following animals is behaving as an endotherm to warm its body?

Accepted Answer

A)  A moth that quivers its wings before flight 
B)  A black beetle that absorbs solar radiation 
C)  A snake that lies on a warm blacktop road 
D)  A fish that moves to a warm, shallow part of a pond 
E)  An insect that positions its body for maximum exposure to sunlight 
A)  A moth that quivers its wings before flight 
B)  A black beetle that absorbs solar radiation 
C)  A snake that lies on a warm blacktop road 
D)  A fish that moves to a warm, shallow part of a pond 
E)  An insect that positions its body for maximum exposure to sunlight

Question 15

One function of adipose tissue is

Accepted Answer

A)  in thermoregulation. 
B)  to store genetic material. 
C)  electrical signal transmission. 
D)  to provide support against gravity. 
E)  to transport oxygen. 
A)  in thermoregulation. 
B)  to store genetic material. 
C)  electrical signal transmission. 
D)  to provide support against gravity. 
E)  to transport oxygen.

Question 16

Suppose an airline pilot sets an aircraft's engines to produce a speed of 450 mph, and measures that speed using an instrument on the outside of the plane. When another pilot reports turbulence ahead, the pilot changes the set point to 350 mph. The other pilot is providing

Accepted Answer

A)  an error signal. 
B)  negative feedback. 
C)  positive feedback. 
D)  feedforward information. 
E)  homeostasis. 
A)  an error signal. 
B)  negative feedback. 
C)  positive feedback. 
D)  feedforward information. 
E)  homeostasis.

Question 17

How would you describe the role of skin temperature in the human thermoregulatory system?

Accepted Answer

A)  It provides feedforward information. 
B)  It acts as a set point for metabolic heat production. 
C)  It provides positive feedback information. 
D)  It provides an error signal. 
E)  It provides negative feedback information. 
A)  It provides feedforward information. 
B)  It acts as a set point for metabolic heat production. 
C)  It provides positive feedback information. 
D)  It provides an error signal. 
E)  It provides negative feedback information.

Question 18

Positive feedback responses

Accepted Answer

A)  are long-term, stable influences in the body. 
B)  can increase or decrease the deviation from a set point. 
C)  are more common than negative feedback responses. 
D)  tend to reach a limit and then terminate. 
E)  cause physiological parameters to cycle above and below a set point. 
A)  are long-term, stable influences in the body. 
B)  can increase or decrease the deviation from a set point. 
C)  are more common than negative feedback responses. 
D)  tend to reach a limit and then terminate. 
E)  cause physiological parameters to cycle above and below a set point.

Question 19

Organisms that depend largely on external sources of heat to maintain body temperature are called

Accepted Answer

A)  homeothermic. 
B)  endothermic. 
C)  heterothermic. 
D)  ectothermic. 
E)  mesothermic. 
A)  homeothermic. 
B)  endothermic. 
C)  heterothermic. 
D)  ectothermic. 
E)  mesothermic.

Question 20

As part of a surveying expedition, you find a hummingbird with a loss of function mutation that prevents this hummingbird from entering daily torpor. With all other variables the same, you would expect this hummingbird to _______ compared to a hummingbird that does not have this mutation.

Accepted Answer

A)  have a more constant body temperature 
B)  use less energy per day 
C)  be larger in size 
D)  have a longer period of winter hibernation 
E)  have a higher basal metabolic rate 
A)  have a more constant body temperature 
B)  use less energy per day 
C)  be larger in size 
D)  have a longer period of winter hibernation 
E)  have a higher basal metabolic rate

Exam 40: Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Which of the following does not describe the limits of the thermoneutral zone in an endotherm?

Organisms that sometimes regulate their own internal temperatures, but sometimes allow their temperature to be determined by the environment, are called

To calculate the sensitivity of a physiological process or reaction to temperature, you must calculate its rates both at a certain temperature and at a temperature lower by _______°C.

In vertebrates, the major integrative center of the thermostat is located in the _______.

If you compare a group of ectotherms and a group of endotherms, both have methods to influence their body temperatures by altering which avenues for heat exchange?

Which of the following would serve to increase the set point of a regulatory system?

Connective tissues differ from one another mostly in their

Environmental temperature influences the body tem­perature of many animals, especially those that live in _______ environments.

Use the following to answer questions : Predict the probable metabolic response of a mam­mal exposed to a 3°-5°C environmental temperature change from the list below. -The environmental temperature fluctuates between the upper and the lower critical temperatures.

The Q10, which describes the sensitivity of a reaction to temperature, is calculated as the

Compared to "cold" fish, "hot" fish, such as bluefin tuna, keep a higher temperature difference between their body and the surrounding water because they

Which of the following animals is behaving as an endotherm to warm its body?

One function of adipose tissue is

Suppose an airline pilot sets an aircraft's engines to produce a speed of 450 mph, and measures that speed using an instrument on the outside of the plane. When another pilot reports turbulence ahead, the pilot changes the set point to 350 mph. The other pilot is providing

How would you describe the role of skin temperature in the human thermoregulatory system?

Positive feedback responses

Organisms that depend largely on external sources of heat to maintain body temperature are called

As part of a surveying expedition, you find a hummingbird with a loss of function mutation that prevents this hummingbird from entering daily torpor. With all other variables the same, you would expect this hummingbird to _______ compared to a hummingbird that does not have this mutation.

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

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Environmental temperature influences the body temperature of many animals, especially those that live in _______ environments.

Use the following to answer questions : Predict the probable metabolic response of a mammal exposed to a 3°-5°C environmental temperature change from the list below. -The environmental temperature fluctuates between the upper and the lower critical temperatures.

The Q₁₀, which describes the sensitivity of a reaction to temperature, is calculated as the