Question 1

Mammalian hibernation

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs when animals run out of metabolic fuel. 
B)  is a regulated decrease in body temperature. 
C)  is less common than hibernation in birds. 
D)  can occur at any time of year. 
E)  lasts for several months, during which body temperature remains close to the environmental temperature. 
A)  occurs when animals run out of metabolic fuel. 
B)  is a regulated decrease in body temperature. 
C)  is less common than hibernation in birds. 
D)  can occur at any time of year. 
E)  lasts for several months, during which body temperature remains close to the environmental temperature.

Question 2

Most cellular functions are limited to a temperature ranging (in °C) from _______ to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  20; 100 
B)  20; 40 
C)  0; 20 
D)  0; 40 
E)  0; 100 
A)  20; 100 
B)  20; 40 
C)  0; 20 
D)  0; 40 
E)  0; 100

Question 3

Which of the following activities would cause a decrease in the hypothalamic temperature set point for metabolic heat production?

Accepted Answer

A)  Entering a cold environment 
B)  Taking an aspirin when you have a fever 
C)  Arousing from hibernation 
D)  Getting an infection that causes a fever 
E)  Cooling the hypothalamus 
A)  Entering a cold environment 
B)  Taking an aspirin when you have a fever 
C)  Arousing from hibernation 
D)  Getting an infection that causes a fever 
E)  Cooling the hypothalamus

Question 4

The Q10 describes the temperature sensitivity of a reaction or a process and is calculated by

Accepted Answer

A)  dividing the rate of a reaction or process at a certain temperature by the rate of that reaction at a temperature 10°C lower. 
B)  dividing the rate of a reaction or process at a certain temperature by the rate of that reaction at a temperature 10°C higher. 
C)  determining the basal temperature of an endotherm. 
D)  determining the upper temperature limit for survival of an organism. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  dividing the rate of a reaction or process at a certain temperature by the rate of that reaction at a temperature 10°C lower. 
B)  dividing the rate of a reaction or process at a certain temperature by the rate of that reaction at a temperature 10°C higher. 
C)  determining the basal temperature of an endotherm. 
D)  determining the upper temperature limit for survival of an organism. 
E)  None of the above

Question 5

Which of the following tissue types is likely to be found at any boundary where the inside of the body meets the external environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nervous 
B)  Epithelial 
C)  Muscle 
D)  Connective 
E)  Striated 
A)  Nervous 
B)  Epithelial 
C)  Muscle 
D)  Connective 
E)  Striated

Question 6

The metabolic rate of a resting endotherm at a temperature within the thermoneutral zone is called the _______.

Accepted Answer

basal meta

Question 7

_______, derived from bacteria or viruses that invade the body, cause fever.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______, derived from bacteria or viruses that...

Question 8

A Q10 value of 3 indicates that a reaction rate has _______ over a temperature range of 10°C.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased by 3 orders of magnitude 
B)  decreased by 3 orders of magnitude 
C)  tripled 
D)  decreased to one-third the normal rate 
E)  None of the above 
A)  increased by 3 orders of magnitude 
B)  decreased by 3 orders of magnitude 
C)  tripled 
D)  decreased to one-third the normal rate 
E)  None of the above

Question 9

The vertebrate thermoregulatory center ("thermostat") is located within the central nervous system in the

Accepted Answer

A)  pons. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  hypophysis. 
D)  medulla. 
E)  hypothalamus. 
A)  pons. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  hypophysis. 
D)  medulla. 
E)  hypothalamus.

Question 10

In an environment with an ambient temperature lower than an animal's core body temperature, which of the following would be an inappropriate physiological or behavioral response if the animal needed to eliminate excess body heat?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wallowing in a pool of water 
B)  Inhibiting blood flow to peripheral vessels 
C)  Sweating 
D)  Decreasing physical activity 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Wallowing in a pool of water 
B)  Inhibiting blood flow to peripheral vessels 
C)  Sweating 
D)  Decreasing physical activity 
E)  All of the above

Question 11

Evaporative cooling is used only as a last resort by animals in hot and dry environments because

Accepted Answer

A)  it is ineffective at dissipating heat. 
B)  not all of the water released by sweating or panting dissipates heat. 
C)  sweating requires energy expenditure. 
D)  it requires an insulating layer in the skin. 
E)  it requires a resetting of the animal's thermostat. 
A)  it is ineffective at dissipating heat. 
B)  not all of the water released by sweating or panting dissipates heat. 
C)  sweating requires energy expenditure. 
D)  it requires an insulating layer in the skin. 
E)  it requires a resetting of the animal's thermostat.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the thermoneutral zone is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Metabolic heat production is variable. 
B)  Skin blood flow is variable. 
C)  The environmental temperature equals body temperature. 
D)  The lower boundary (lower critical temperature) is lower for small than for large endotherms. 
E)  It is the range of hypothalamic temperatures that do not alter metabolic heat production. 
A)  Metabolic heat production is variable. 
B)  Skin blood flow is variable. 
C)  The environmental temperature equals body temperature. 
D)  The lower boundary (lower critical temperature) is lower for small than for large endotherms. 
E)  It is the range of hypothalamic temperatures that do not alter metabolic heat production.

Question 13

Which statement about brown fat is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It produces heat without producing ATP. 
B)  It insulates animals acclimatized to cold. 
C)  It is a major source of heat production for birds. 
D)  It is found only in hibernators. 
E)  It provides fuel for muscle cells. 
A)  It produces heat without producing ATP. 
B)  It insulates animals acclimatized to cold. 
C)  It is a major source of heat production for birds. 
D)  It is found only in hibernators. 
E)  It provides fuel for muscle cells.

Question 14

Use the following to answer questions:
Refer to the graph below.  
-In the experiment graphed above, the same fish were caught and brought into the lab in both winter and summer. Their metabolic rates (O2 consumption) were measured at the pond temperatures for each season ($\leftrightarrow$) and at other temperatures ('). This experiment demonstrates the phenomenon of

Accepted Answer

A)  homeostasis. 
B)  acclimatization. 
C)  declimatization. 
D)  negative feedback. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  homeostasis. 
B)  acclimatization. 
C)  declimatization. 
D)  negative feedback. 
E)  None of the above

Question 15

A lizard lives in a desert environment where the temperature is low at night and high during the day. What might this animal do to maintain the most stable body temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stay in a burrow during the night and shuttle between the sun and shade on the surface during the day 
B)  Stay on the surface during the night and move to a burrow during the day 
C)  Increase metabolism and heat production during the night and decrease it during the day 
D)  Decrease metabolism and heat production during the night and increase it during the day. 
E)  Move into a state of hypothermia during the night and a state of torpor during the day. 
A)  Stay in a burrow during the night and shuttle between the sun and shade on the surface during the day 
B)  Stay on the surface during the night and move to a burrow during the day 
C)  Increase metabolism and heat production during the night and decrease it during the day 
D)  Decrease metabolism and heat production during the night and increase it during the day. 
E)  Move into a state of hypothermia during the night and a state of torpor during the day.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about endotherms is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can raise their body temperature by producing heat metabolically. 
B)  They can lower their body temperature by mobilizing active mechanisms of heat loss. 
C)  They respond to cold by producing heat. 
D)  Some can use regulated hypothermia to conserve energy. 
E)  Ectothermy likely evolved because a mitochondrial mutation gave a selective advantage to animals that became ectotherms, and increased their time of activity in the cooler night temperatures. 
A)  They can raise their body temperature by producing heat metabolically. 
B)  They can lower their body temperature by mobilizing active mechanisms of heat loss. 
C)  They respond to cold by producing heat. 
D)  Some can use regulated hypothermia to conserve energy. 
E)  Ectothermy likely evolved because a mitochondrial mutation gave a selective advantage to animals that became ectotherms, and increased their time of activity in the cooler night temperatures.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about fever is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a higher-than-normal body temperature that is always dangerous. 
B)  It decreases the metabolic rate of the body to conserve energy. 
C)  It is regulated by chemicals that reset the body's thermostat to a higher set point. 
D)  It causes the liver to release large amounts of calcium, which seems to inhibit bacterial growth. 
E)  It should always be controlled with fever-reducing drugs. 
A)  It is a higher-than-normal body temperature that is always dangerous. 
B)  It decreases the metabolic rate of the body to conserve energy. 
C)  It is regulated by chemicals that reset the body's thermostat to a higher set point. 
D)  It causes the liver to release large amounts of calcium, which seems to inhibit bacterial growth. 
E)  It should always be controlled with fever-reducing drugs.

Question 18

Use the following to answer questions :
Predict the probable metabolic response of a mam­mal exposed to a 3°-5°C environmental temperature change from the list below. 
-The environmental temperature begins at the upper critical temperature and increases above that point.

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased metabolic rate 
B)  Decreased metabolic rate 
C)  No change in metabolic rate 
D)  Death 
A)  Increased metabolic rate 
B)  Decreased metabolic rate 
C)  No change in metabolic rate 
D)  Death

Question 19

The maintenance of stable physiological conditions in the internal environment of an organism is called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The maintenance of stable physiological conditions in...

Question 20

Which of the following statements about thermoregulation is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thermoregulatory set points are highest during sleep. 
B)  Entrance into hibernation begins with a decrease in metabolic rate. 
C)  Aspirin can lower the hypothalamic set point of a person with a fever. 
D)  Hypothermia may result from starvation. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Thermoregulatory set points are highest during sleep. 
B)  Entrance into hibernation begins with a decrease in metabolic rate. 
C)  Aspirin can lower the hypothalamic set point of a person with a fever. 
D)  Hypothermia may result from starvation. 
E)  All of the above

Exam 40: Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Mammalian hibernation

Most cellular functions are limited to a temperature ranging (in °C) from _______ to _______.

Which of the following activities would cause a decrease in the hypothalamic temperature set point for metabolic heat production?

The Q10 describes the temperature sensitivity of a reaction or a process and is calculated by

Which of the following tissue types is likely to be found at any boundary where the inside of the body meets the external environment?

The metabolic rate of a resting endotherm at a temperature within the thermoneutral zone is called the _______.

_______, derived from bacteria or viruses that invade the body, cause fever.

A Q10 value of 3 indicates that a reaction rate has _______ over a temperature range of 10°C.

The vertebrate thermoregulatory center ("thermostat") is located within the central nervous system in the

In an environment with an ambient temperature lower than an animal's core body temperature, which of the following would be an inappropriate physiological or behavioral response if the animal needed to eliminate excess body heat?

Evaporative cooling is used only as a last resort by animals in hot and dry environments because

Which of the following statements about the thermoneutral zone is true?

Which statement about brown fat is true?

A lizard lives in a desert environment where the temperature is low at night and high during the day. What might this animal do to maintain the most stable body temperature?

Which of the following statements about endotherms is false?

Which of the following statements about fever is true?

Use the following to answer questions : Predict the probable metabolic response of a mam­mal exposed to a 3°-5°C environmental temperature change from the list below. -The environmental temperature begins at the upper critical temperature and increases above that point.

The maintenance of stable physiological conditions in the internal environment of an organism is called _______.

Which of the following statements about thermoregulation is false?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

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Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

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Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

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The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

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Filters

Most cellular functions are limited to a temperature ranging (in °C) from _ to _.

The Q₁₀ describes the temperature sensitivity of a reaction or a process and is calculated by

A Q₁₀ value of 3 indicates that a reaction rate has _______ over a temperature range of 10°C.

Use the following to answer questions : Predict the probable metabolic response of a mammal exposed to a 3°-5°C environmental temperature change from the list below. -The environmental temperature begins at the upper critical temperature and increases above that point.