Question 1

Biologists refer to the environment in which an organism lives as its

Accepted Answer

A)  conspecifics. 
B)  habitat. 
C)  homing. 
D)  pheromone. 
E)  inclusive fitness. 
A)  conspecifics. 
B)  habitat. 
C)  homing. 
D)  pheromone. 
E)  inclusive fitness.

Question 2

Some birds give a species-specific vocalization called an "alarm call" when they see a predator, although this call may direct the predator toward them. Other members of their species respond to these calls by taking cover. This would be an example of altruistic behavior that is beneficial to the calling bird if

Accepted Answer

A)  the bird giving the vocalization survives the attack. 
B)  the inclusive fitness of the bird giving the vocalization is increased. 
C)  all birds survive the attack. 
D)  the birds benefiting are offspring of the bird giving the vocalization. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  the bird giving the vocalization survives the attack. 
B)  the inclusive fitness of the bird giving the vocalization is increased. 
C)  all birds survive the attack. 
D)  the birds benefiting are offspring of the bird giving the vocalization. 
E)  All of the above

Question 3

One monkey in a community throws a sand and wheat mixture into water to separate the wheat grains from the sand. The spreading of this strategy through the entire community of monkeys demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A)  a stereotypic behavior. 
B)  imprinting. 
C)  behavior with an ultimate cause. 
D)  a pheromone-influenced behavior. 
E)  culture. 
A)  a stereotypic behavior. 
B)  imprinting. 
C)  behavior with an ultimate cause. 
D)  a pheromone-influenced behavior. 
E)  culture.

Question 4

Describe the experiments performed with bluegill sunfish preying on water fleas and the implications of these studies for foraging theory.

Accepted Answer

In studies in which bluegill sunfish wer

Question 5

A dung beetle engaged in mating behavior has thereby forfeited time it could have spent foraging for food. The lost food is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  an energetic cost. 
B)  an opportunity cost. 
C)  the Concorde fallacy. 
D)  a risk cost. 
E)  a territory cost. 
A)  an energetic cost. 
B)  an opportunity cost. 
C)  the Concorde fallacy. 
D)  a risk cost. 
E)  a territory cost.

Question 6

In a diploid organism, the fitness benefit that is accrued by rearing one's own offspring is _______ that accrued by rearing a sister's offspring.

Accepted Answer

A)  the same as 
B)  twice 
C)  half 
D)  three times 
E)  None of the above 
A)  the same as 
B)  twice 
C)  half 
D)  three times 
E)  None of the above

Question 7

Bird song learning involves all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  genetics. 
B)  imprinting. 
C)  hormonal timing. 
D)  odorants. 
E)  a sensitive period, in some species. 
A)  genetics. 
B)  imprinting. 
C)  hormonal timing. 
D)  odorants. 
E)  a sensitive period, in some species.

Question 8

In which of the following mammals has eusociality evolved?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chimpanzees 
B)  Field mice 
C)  Naked mole rats 
D)  Pocket gophers 
E)  Lions 
A)  Chimpanzees 
B)  Field mice 
C)  Naked mole rats 
D)  Pocket gophers 
E)  Lions

Question 9

Fixed action patterns are behaviors that

Accepted Answer

A)  are performed without learning. 
B)  are stereotypic. 
C)  are performed the same way each time. 
D)  cannot be modified by learning. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  are performed without learning. 
B)  are stereotypic. 
C)  are performed the same way each time. 
D)  cannot be modified by learning. 
E)  All of the above

Question 10

When the food source is nearby (less than about 80 km), honeybees perform the _______ dance.

Accepted Answer

A)  round 
B)  olfactory 
C)  compass 
D)  waggle 
E)  circadian rhythm 
A)  round 
B)  olfactory 
C)  compass 
D)  waggle 
E)  circadian rhythm

Question 11

The waggle dance of bees is an example of a(n) _______ signal.

Accepted Answer

A)  visual 
B)  tactile 
C)  auditory 
D)  electric 
E)  ethological 
A)  visual 
B)  tactile 
C)  auditory 
D)  electric 
E)  ethological

Question 12

Use the following to answer questions:
Refer to the diagram below, describing the locomotion activity of Drosophila melanogaster flies that have been subjected to various gene-knockout experiments.  
-What can we infer about the normal function of gene B?

Accepted Answer

Gene B has little or no effect

Question 13

_______ helps to answer questions regarding predator actions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Foraging theory 
B)  Cost-benefit approach 
C)  Opportunity cost 
D)  Social behavior 
E)  Altruism 
A)  Foraging theory 
B)  Cost-benefit approach 
C)  Opportunity cost 
D)  Social behavior 
E)  Altruism

Question 14

The study of behavior from an evolutionary perspective is called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The study of behavior from an evolutionary...

Question 15

Two species of mice live in the same geographical region, but Species 1 prefers open fields, whereas Species 2 lives in forests. When presented in an experiment with simulated "fields" and "forests," individuals of each species born in a laboratory preferred the environment in which they normally lived. This experiment illustrates the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)  habitat selection. 
B)  optimal foraging strategy. 
C)  territoriality. 
D)  imprinting. 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  habitat selection. 
B)  optimal foraging strategy. 
C)  territoriality. 
D)  imprinting. 
E)  Both a and b

Question 16

Which of the following statements about pheromones is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pheromones are used only for communication between individuals of the same species. 
B)  Mammalian pheromones can communicate information about the size, sex, and reproductive status of the signaler. 
C)  Because of their durability in the environment, pheromones are unsuitable for rapid exchange of information. 
D)  Pheromones differ in their volatility and diffusibility depending on their function. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Pheromones are used only for communication between individuals of the same species. 
B)  Mammalian pheromones can communicate information about the size, sex, and reproductive status of the signaler. 
C)  Because of their durability in the environment, pheromones are unsuitable for rapid exchange of information. 
D)  Pheromones differ in their volatility and diffusibility depending on their function. 
E)  All of the above

Question 17

Most humans have circadian rhythms that are about 25 hours long. The presence of sunlight in the morning helps to _______ us to the 24-hour cycle of Earth's day.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most humans have circadian rhythms that are...

Question 18

Use the following to answer questions:
Two mice, Alison and Benny, were placed in a lab with continual light. The graph below describes their activity patterns.  
-To remain in phase with a 24-hour cycle, would Benny's cycle need to be phase-advanced or phase-delayed?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the following to answer questions:
Two mice,...

Question 19

Female songbirds do not sing the songs of the males of their species because

Accepted Answer

A)  they lack the necessary vocal structure. 
B)  they lack the appropriate hormonal stimulation. 
C)  their brains do not respond to the hormones needed for song learning. 
D)  they lack the necessary genes. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  they lack the necessary vocal structure. 
B)  they lack the appropriate hormonal stimulation. 
C)  their brains do not respond to the hormones needed for song learning. 
D)  they lack the necessary genes. 
E)  None of the above

Question 20

Researchers demonstrated that flycatchers determine the quality of a habitat by

Accepted Answer

A)  assessing the number of prey items in a small section of the habitat. 
B)  means of imprinting. 
C)  detecting chemosensory cues. 
D)  observing the brood sizes of individuals already settled in the habitat. 
E)  performing opportunity-cost analysis. 
A)  assessing the number of prey items in a small section of the habitat. 
B)  means of imprinting. 
C)  detecting chemosensory cues. 
D)  observing the brood sizes of individuals already settled in the habitat. 
E)  performing opportunity-cost analysis.

Exam 53: Animal Behavior

Biologists refer to the environment in which an organism lives as its

One monkey in a community throws a sand and wheat mixture into water to separate the wheat grains from the sand. The spreading of this strategy through the entire community of monkeys demonstrates

Describe the experiments performed with bluegill sunfish preying on water fleas and the implications of these studies for foraging theory.

A dung beetle engaged in mating behavior has thereby forfeited time it could have spent foraging for food. The lost food is an example of

In a diploid organism, the fitness benefit that is accrued by rearing one's own offspring is _______ that accrued by rearing a sister's offspring.

Bird song learning involves all of the following except

In which of the following mammals has eusociality evolved?

Fixed action patterns are behaviors that

When the food source is nearby (less than about 80 km), honeybees perform the _______ dance.

The waggle dance of bees is an example of a(n) _______ signal.

Use the following to answer questions: Refer to the diagram below, describing the locomotion activity of Drosophila melanogaster flies that have been subjected to various gene-knockout experiments. -What can we infer about the normal function of gene B?

_______ helps to answer questions regarding predator actions.

The study of behavior from an evolutionary perspective is called _______.

Which of the following statements about pheromones is true?

Most humans have circadian rhythms that are about 25 hours long. The presence of sunlight in the morning helps to _______ us to the 24-hour cycle of Earth's day.

Use the following to answer questions: Two mice, Alison and Benny, were placed in a lab with continual light. The graph below describes their activity patterns. -To remain in phase with a 24-hour cycle, would Benny's cycle need to be phase-advanced or phase-delayed?

Female songbirds do not sing the songs of the males of their species because

Researchers demonstrated that flycatchers determine the quality of a habitat by

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