Exam 8: Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

The ultimate goal of metabolism is to drive ATP synthesis. ATP is considered the energy currency of the cell. Discuss how ATP couples endergonic and exergonic reactions and why it is so important in cellular functions.

Potential energy can be converted into _______ energy, which does work.

The chemical activities of a living organism are organized into _______ in which the product of one reaction is the reactant for the next reaction.

You decide to purchase a new water heater and start looking at the energy efficiency ratings. You find one unit that is labeled as 100 percent energy efficient, and the salesperson says that the more efficient the appliance is, the more money you will save. However, you don't trust that the store is providing accurate information, and you do not buy the product. Was this decision correct?

Coenzymes differ from enzymes in that coenzymes are

Enzymes catalyze a reaction by _______ the substrates.

The molecule ATP is

Which of the following represents potential energy?

Which of the following is a group of enzymes that are important in allowing organisms to adapt to changes in their environment?

The active site of an enzyme

The rate of a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme that has a single polypeptide chain

The first law of thermodynamics states that _______ is neither created nor destroyed.

Which of the following contributes to the specificity of enzymes?

It is estimated that approximately 90 percent of energy that passes between levels in a food web is "lost" at each level. Explain the first law of thermodynamics and discuss why this apparent loss of energy does not contradict the law.

The catalysis mechanism used by lysozyme to break down bacterial cell walls is

The enzyme $\alpha$ -amylase increases the rate at which starch is broken down into smaller oligosaccharides by _______ of the reaction.

The process that involves an end product acting as an inhibitor of an earlier step in a metabolic pathway is called

Which of the following statements concerning energy transformations is true?

In glycolysis, the exergonic reaction 1,3-diphosphoglycerate $\to$ 3-phosphoglycerate is coupled to the reaction ADP + P_i $\to$ ATP. Which of the following is most likely to be true about the reaction ADP + P_i $\to$ ATP?

Denatured enzymes are the same as