Question 1

Which of the following is not visible by use of a light microscope?

Accepted Answer

A) paramecium 
B) bacterium 
C) large virus 
D) red blood cell 
E) eukaryotic nucleus 
A) paramecium 
B) bacterium 
C) large virus 
D) red blood cell 
E) eukaryotic nucleus

Question 2

Prokaryotic cell movement is attributed to the

Accepted Answer

A) capsule. 
B) ribosomes. 
C) pili. 
D) nucleoid area. 
E) flagella. 
A) capsule. 
B) ribosomes. 
C) pili. 
D) nucleoid area. 
E) flagella.

Question 3

Which structure is the repository of the genetic information that directs all of the activities of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) ER 
B) mitochondria 
C) nucleus 
D) chloroplasts 
E) centriole 
A) ER 
B) mitochondria 
C) nucleus 
D) chloroplasts 
E) centriole

Question 4

Which of the following is not bounded by membranes?

Accepted Answer

A) endoplasmic reticulum 
B) microbody 
C) Golgi body 
D) nucleoid 
E) nucleus 
A) endoplasmic reticulum 
B) microbody 
C) Golgi body 
D) nucleoid 
E) nucleus

Question 5

During which cellular process do all three forms of RNA associate?

Accepted Answer

A) ribosome assembly 
B) chromatin formation 
C) formation of the nucleolus 
D) protein synthesis 
A) ribosome assembly 
B) chromatin formation 
C) formation of the nucleolus 
D) protein synthesis

Question 6

The endosymbiotic theory is supported by the finding of non-nuclear DNA in which of the following organelles?

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondria and lysosomes 
B) mitochondria and Golgi apparatus 
C) mitochondria and chloroplasts 
D) chloroplasts and Golgi apparatus 
E) chloroplasts and lysosomes 
A) mitochondria and lysosomes 
B) mitochondria and Golgi apparatus 
C) mitochondria and chloroplasts 
D) chloroplasts and Golgi apparatus 
E) chloroplasts and lysosomes

Question 7

Some ribosomes are embedded into

Accepted Answer

A) chromosomes. 
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
C) rough endoplasmic reticulum. 
D) histones. 
E) vacuoles. 
A) chromosomes. 
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
C) rough endoplasmic reticulum. 
D) histones. 
E) vacuoles.

Question 8

A cytologist is examining a tissue under an electron microscope.He notices in particular that the endoplasmic reticulum of each cell is extremely rough in appearance and of course knows that the rough appearance is because of the ribosomes embedded there.He is curious about why there are so many ribosomes.You can help.Your response would be,

Accepted Answer

A) "This tissue exports lipids and is very involved with mRNA production,which of course is used in protein synthesis." 
B) "This tissue exports proteins to other areas of the body." 
C) "This tissue has obviously been exposed to the new protein diet supplements that are so popular these days and has been recruited to make more protein." 
D) "This tissue exports various nucleic acids,hence the large number of ribosomes present on the endoplasmic reticulum in each of those cells." 
A) "This tissue exports lipids and is very involved with mRNA production,which of course is used in protein synthesis." 
B) "This tissue exports proteins to other areas of the body." 
C) "This tissue has obviously been exposed to the new protein diet supplements that are so popular these days and has been recruited to make more protein." 
D) "This tissue exports various nucleic acids,hence the large number of ribosomes present on the endoplasmic reticulum in each of those cells."

Question 9

Nuclear pores apparently permit the passage of only

Accepted Answer

A) chromosomes outward. 
B) glucose molecules outward. 
C) assembled DNA molecules outward. 
D) proteins inward and outward,but RNA only outwarD. 
E) sodium ions inward,potassium ions outward. 
A) chromosomes outward. 
B) glucose molecules outward. 
C) assembled DNA molecules outward. 
D) proteins inward and outward,but RNA only outwarD. 
E) sodium ions inward,potassium ions outward.

Question 10

The cytoplasmic space in eukaryotic cells is occupied by many diverse membrane-bound structures with specific cellular functions.These are called

Accepted Answer

A) flagellA. 
B) organelles. 
C) cilia. 
D) chromosomes. 
E) receptors. 
A) flagellA. 
B) organelles. 
C) cilia. 
D) chromosomes. 
E) receptors.

Question 11

The functions of the cytoskeleton include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) providing the cell shape. 
B) providing scaffolding for the enzymes in certain areas of the cell. 
C) organizing the cell's activities. 
D) providing movement of molecules in the cell. 
E) ribosome assembly. 
A) providing the cell shape. 
B) providing scaffolding for the enzymes in certain areas of the cell. 
C) organizing the cell's activities. 
D) providing movement of molecules in the cell. 
E) ribosome assembly.

Question 12

___________ is the generally accepted evolutionary process which created the organelles,chloroplasts,and mitochondria.

Accepted Answer

A) Endosymbiosis 
B) Evolution 
C) Symbiosis 
D) Punctuated equilibrium 
A) Endosymbiosis 
B) Evolution 
C) Symbiosis 
D) Punctuated equilibrium

Question 13

A semi-fluid matrix called the _________ occupies the area between the nucleus and the plasma membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) plasma membrane 
B) cytoplasm 
C) cell 
D) organelle 
A) plasma membrane 
B) cytoplasm 
C) cell 
D) organelle

Question 14

Which of the following is not present in all eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A) endoplasmic reticulum 
B) ribosome 
C) plasma membrane 
D) cell wall 
E) Golgi bodies 
A) endoplasmic reticulum 
B) ribosome 
C) plasma membrane 
D) cell wall 
E) Golgi bodies

Question 15

The _________ is not only responsible for the cell's shape and movement,but it also provides a scaffolding at certain locations of the cytoplasm for some enzymes and macromolecules.

Accepted Answer

A) plasma membrane 
B) cytoskeleton 
C) nucleus 
D) muscle 
A) plasma membrane 
B) cytoskeleton 
C) nucleus 
D) muscle

Question 16

A cell biologist has developed a new drug that will block the cis face of the Golgi apparatus.If eventually approved by the FDA,she wants to use this new drug to aid cancer patients.What specifically will this drug prevent from happening inside a cancer cell?

Accepted Answer

A) the synthesis of proteins or lipids on the endoplasmic reticulum 
B) the movement of the lipids and proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus 
C) the blockage of proteins and lipids on the endoplasmic reticulum 
D) the prevention of ATP synthesis by blocking pyruvate formation on the trans face of the Golgi apparatus 
A) the synthesis of proteins or lipids on the endoplasmic reticulum 
B) the movement of the lipids and proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus 
C) the blockage of proteins and lipids on the endoplasmic reticulum 
D) the prevention of ATP synthesis by blocking pyruvate formation on the trans face of the Golgi apparatus

Question 17

All plants contain chloroplasts with both chlorophyll a and b.By comparison,almost all prokaryotic organisms only contain chlorophyll a.One exception is Prochloron,which contains both chlorophyll a and b.According to the endosymbiotic theory,how did photosynthetic plants arise and how did the discovery of Prochloron in the 1970's lend support to this theory?

Accepted Answer

A) Photosynthetic plants arose from a prokaryote that engulfed another free-living photosynthetic prokaryote that eventually developed into a chloroplast.Given that all plants contain chlorophyll b,it must have been present in the common ancestor of plants.Prior to the discovery of Prochloron,no bacteria were known to contain chlorophyll b.However,the identification of Prochloron,which contains both chlorophyll a and b,suggests that it is the direct descendent of the common ancestor to all plant chloroplasts,and therefore provides conclusive evidence in support of endosymbiosis. 
B) Photosynthetic plants arose from a prokaryote that engulfed another free-living photosynthetic prokaryote that eventually developed into a chloroplast.Given that all plants contain chlorophyll a,it must have been present in the common ancestor of plants.Prior to the discovery of Prochloron,no bacteria were known to contain chlorophyll a.However,the identification of Prochloron,which contains both chlorophyll a and b,suggests that it is the direct descendent of the common ancestor to all plant chloroplasts,and therefore provides conclusive evidence in support of endosymbiosis. 
C) Photosynthetic plants arose from a prokaryote that engulfed another free-living photosynthetic prokaryote that eventually developed into a chloroplast.Given that all plants contain chlorophyll b,it must have been present in the common ancestor of plants.Prior to the discovery of Prochloron,no bacteria were known to contain chlorophyll b.However,the identification of Prochloron,which contains chlorophyll a,suggests that it is the direct descendent of the common ancestor to all plant chloroplasts,and therefore provides conclusive evidence in support of endosymbiosis. 
A) Photosynthetic plants arose from a prokaryote that engulfed another free-living photosynthetic prokaryote that eventually developed into a chloroplast.Given that all plants contain chlorophyll b,it must have been present in the common ancestor of plants.Prior to the discovery of Prochloron,no bacteria were known to contain chlorophyll b.However,the identification of Prochloron,which contains both chlorophyll a and b,suggests that it is the direct descendent of the common ancestor to all plant chloroplasts,and therefore provides conclusive evidence in support of endosymbiosis. 
B) Photosynthetic plants arose from a prokaryote that engulfed another free-living photosynthetic prokaryote that eventually developed into a chloroplast.Given that all plants contain chlorophyll a,it must have been present in the common ancestor of plants.Prior to the discovery of Prochloron,no bacteria were known to contain chlorophyll a.However,the identification of Prochloron,which contains both chlorophyll a and b,suggests that it is the direct descendent of the common ancestor to all plant chloroplasts,and therefore provides conclusive evidence in support of endosymbiosis. 
C) Photosynthetic plants arose from a prokaryote that engulfed another free-living photosynthetic prokaryote that eventually developed into a chloroplast.Given that all plants contain chlorophyll b,it must have been present in the common ancestor of plants.Prior to the discovery of Prochloron,no bacteria were known to contain chlorophyll b.However,the identification of Prochloron,which contains chlorophyll a,suggests that it is the direct descendent of the common ancestor to all plant chloroplasts,and therefore provides conclusive evidence in support of endosymbiosis.

Question 18

If you were working inside of a cell and you needed to move a vesicle along microtubules toward the center of the cell,which molecular motor(s)would you choose to help you?

Accepted Answer

A) kinesin 
B) dynein 
C) both kinesin and dynein 
D) Molecular motors are not required for movement along microtubules. 
A) kinesin 
B) dynein 
C) both kinesin and dynein 
D) Molecular motors are not required for movement along microtubules.

Question 19

If you were to use antibodies that were chemically bonded to a stain in order to visualize the expression pattern of a protein in a fixed tissue,which of the following experimental techniques and equipment would be applicable?

Accepted Answer

A) immunohistochemistry,bright-field microscopy 
B) fluorohistochemistry,fluorescence microscopy 
C) antibody interference assay,bright-field microscopy 
D) immunohistochemistry,fluorescence microscopy 
A) immunohistochemistry,bright-field microscopy 
B) fluorohistochemistry,fluorescence microscopy 
C) antibody interference assay,bright-field microscopy 
D) immunohistochemistry,fluorescence microscopy

Question 20

Many eukaryotic cells possess flagella or cilia,which have the characteristic ______ arrangement of microtubules.

Accepted Answer

A) 6 + 2 
B) 2 + 10 
C) 10 + 3 
D) 9 + 2 
A) 6 + 2 
B) 2 + 10 
C) 10 + 3 
D) 9 + 2

Exam 4: Cell Structure

Which of the following is not visible by use of a light microscope?

Prokaryotic cell movement is attributed to the

Which structure is the repository of the genetic information that directs all of the activities of the cell?

Which of the following is not bounded by membranes?

During which cellular process do all three forms of RNA associate?

The endosymbiotic theory is supported by the finding of non-nuclear DNA in which of the following organelles?

Some ribosomes are embedded into

Nuclear pores apparently permit the passage of only

The cytoplasmic space in eukaryotic cells is occupied by many diverse membrane-bound structures with specific cellular functions.These are called

The functions of the cytoskeleton include all of the following except

___________ is the generally accepted evolutionary process which created the organelles,chloroplasts,and mitochondria.

A semi-fluid matrix called the _________ occupies the area between the nucleus and the plasma membrane.

Which of the following is not present in all eukaryotic cells?

The _________ is not only responsible for the cell's shape and movement,but it also provides a scaffolding at certain locations of the cytoplasm for some enzymes and macromolecules.

A cell biologist has developed a new drug that will block the cis face of the Golgi apparatus.If eventually approved by the FDA,she wants to use this new drug to aid cancer patients.What specifically will this drug prevent from happening inside a cancer cell?

If you were working inside of a cell and you needed to move a vesicle along microtubules toward the center of the cell,which molecular motor(s)would you choose to help you?

If you were to use antibodies that were chemically bonded to a stain in order to visualize the expression pattern of a protein in a fixed tissue,which of the following experimental techniques and equipment would be applicable?

Many eukaryotic cells possess flagella or cilia,which have the characteristic ______ arrangement of microtubules.

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes Mapping and the Meiosis - Inheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics and the Phylogenetic Revolution

Genome Evolution

Evolution of Development

The Tree of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

Protists

Overview of Green Plants

Fungi

Overview of Animal Diversity

Noncoelomate Invertebrates

Coelomate Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Form

Vegetative Plant Development

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

Plant Reproduction

The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Digestive System

The Respiratory System

The Circulatory System

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

The Reproductive System

Animal Development

Behavioral Biology

Population Ecology

Community of Ecology

Dynamics of Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Conservation Biology

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