Question 1

A calorie is the commonly used unit of chemical energy.It is also the unit of

Accepted Answer

A) light. 
B) magnetism. 
C) sound. 
D) heat. 
E) radioactivity. 
A) light. 
B) magnetism. 
C) sound. 
D) heat. 
E) radioactivity.

Question 2

Molecules that act as catalysts in biological systems are

Accepted Answer

A) ATP. 
B) cofactors. 
C) coenzymes. 
D) enzymes. 
E) genes. 
A) ATP. 
B) cofactors. 
C) coenzymes. 
D) enzymes. 
E) genes.

Question 3

Under standard conditions,ATP can release for every molecule converted to ADP

Accepted Answer

A) less than 1 cal of energy. 
B) 1 to 2 cal of energy. 
C) 7.3 Kcal of energy. 
D) 7.3 cal of energy. 
E) different amounts of energy depending on the cell. 
A) less than 1 cal of energy. 
B) 1 to 2 cal of energy. 
C) 7.3 Kcal of energy. 
D) 7.3 cal of energy. 
E) different amounts of energy depending on the cell.

Question 4

Reactions that occur spontaneously and release free energy are called _____________ reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) activation 
B) exergonic 
C) catabolistic 
D) thermodynamic 
E) endergonic 
A) activation 
B) exergonic 
C) catabolistic 
D) thermodynamic 
E) endergonic

Question 5

The regulation of simple biochemical pathways often involves the end-product binding to the allosteric site of the first enzyme in the sequence.This mode of regulation is called

Accepted Answer

A) competitive inhibition. 
B) biochemical regulation. 
C) cellular control. 
D) product catalysis. 
E) feedback inhibition. 
A) competitive inhibition. 
B) biochemical regulation. 
C) cellular control. 
D) product catalysis. 
E) feedback inhibition.

Question 6

In an enzyme catalyzed reaction the reactant is called the

Accepted Answer

A) ribozyme. 
B) catalyst. 
C) substrate. 
D) end-product. 
E) activator. 
A) ribozyme. 
B) catalyst. 
C) substrate. 
D) end-product. 
E) activator.

Question 7

One of the most important coenzymes that accepts electrons/hydrogens is

Accepted Answer

A) NAD+. 
B) NADH. 
C) ATP. 
D) NADPH. 
E) ribozymE. 
A) NAD+. 
B) NADH. 
C) ATP. 
D) NADPH. 
E) ribozymE.

Question 8

The specificity of an enzyme is due to its active site.The active site is shaped so that only a certain

Accepted Answer

A) substrate molecule can fit into it. 
B) product molecule can fit into it. 
C) reactant molecule can fit into it. 
D) cofactor molecule can fit into it. 
E) histone molecule can fit into it. 
A) substrate molecule can fit into it. 
B) product molecule can fit into it. 
C) reactant molecule can fit into it. 
D) cofactor molecule can fit into it. 
E) histone molecule can fit into it.

Question 9

A researcher wants to slow down a particular cellular activity by controlling an enzyme that catalyzes that activity.All of the following choices are available except

Accepted Answer

A) increasing the temperature of the cell's environment. 
B) decreasing the temperature of the cell's environment. 
C) reducing the pH of the cell's environment. 
D) increasing the pH of the cell's environment. 
E) adding substrate as it is depleted to the cell's environment. 
A) increasing the temperature of the cell's environment. 
B) decreasing the temperature of the cell's environment. 
C) reducing the pH of the cell's environment. 
D) increasing the pH of the cell's environment. 
E) adding substrate as it is depleted to the cell's environment.

Question 10

The Gibbs free energy equation,G = H - TS,interrelates

Accepted Answer

A) free energy and entropy. 
B) free energy and enthalpy. 
C) free energy and standard temperature. 
D) entropy and enthalpy. 
A) free energy and entropy. 
B) free energy and enthalpy. 
C) free energy and standard temperature. 
D) entropy and enthalpy.

Question 11

The ability of an enzyme to catalyze a reaction is not affected by

Accepted Answer

A) temperature. 
B) pH. 
C) salt concentration. 
D) binding of specific regulatory molecules. 
E) excess cofactor. 
A) temperature. 
B) pH. 
C) salt concentration. 
D) binding of specific regulatory molecules. 
E) excess cofactor.

Question 12

While standing at the top of the stairs,you have a potential energy of 40 Joules.If you walk all the way down the stairs,what would your potential energy be at the bottom of the stairs?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 Joules 
B) 20 Joules 
C) 40 Joules 
D) cannot determine from the information provided 
A) 0 Joules 
B) 20 Joules 
C) 40 Joules 
D) cannot determine from the information provided

Question 13

Spot where raw material binds and is changed to product.

Accepted Answer

A) active site 
B) substrate 
C) coenzyme 
D) non-catalytic binding site 
A) active site 
B) substrate 
C) coenzyme 
D) non-catalytic binding site

Question 14

Enzymes have specific ________ with which they interact.

Accepted Answer

A) products 
B) substrates 
C) reactants 
D) atoms 
E) end-products 
A) products 
B) substrates 
C) reactants 
D) atoms 
E) end-products

Question 15

Which of the following best depicts a diagram of enzymes and substrates when they react? Assume only forward reactions.Use the following to make your choice: E = enzyme,S = substrate,ES = enzyme-substrate complex,P = products.

Accepted Answer

A) E + P $\rarr$ ES 
B) E + S $\rarr$ ES + P 
C) E + S $\rarr$ ES $\rarr$ E + P 
D) E + ES $\rarr$ P + E 
E) E + P $\rarr$ EP $\rarr$ S + E 
A) E + P $\rarr$ ES 
B) E + S $\rarr$ ES + P 
C) E + S $\rarr$ ES $\rarr$ E + P 
D) E + ES $\rarr$ P + E 
E) E + P $\rarr$ EP $\rarr$ S + E

Question 16

The Second Law of Thermodynamics simply states that

Accepted Answer

A) energy can be recycled through the universe. 
B) energy cannot be created or destroyed,just changed from one form to another. 
C) disorder (or entropy)in the universe is continually increasing. 
D) energy is constantly being created in the universe. 
E) energy can be created but not destroyed. 
A) energy can be recycled through the universe. 
B) energy cannot be created or destroyed,just changed from one form to another. 
C) disorder (or entropy)in the universe is continually increasing. 
D) energy is constantly being created in the universe. 
E) energy can be created but not destroyed.

Question 17

Most protein-enzymes are

Accepted Answer

A) fibrous proteins. 
B) hormones. 
C) histones. 
D) metalloenzymes. 
E) globular proteins. 
A) fibrous proteins. 
B) hormones. 
C) histones. 
D) metalloenzymes. 
E) globular proteins.

Question 18

While conducting an experiment,you realize that a competitive inhibitor was interfering with your reaction.To overcome this problem,you

Accepted Answer

A) add a non-competitive inhibitor to the reaction. 
B) decrease the concentration of the correct substrate in the reaction. 
C) increase the concentration of the correct substrate in the reaction. 
D) add an allosteric activator to the reaction. 
A) add a non-competitive inhibitor to the reaction. 
B) decrease the concentration of the correct substrate in the reaction. 
C) increase the concentration of the correct substrate in the reaction. 
D) add an allosteric activator to the reaction.

Question 19

Which of the following scenarios would not result in a decrease in free energy?

Accepted Answer

A) Enthalpy increases and entropy decreases. 
B) Enthalpy decreases and entropy increases. 
C) Enthalpy increases,but entropy increase outweighs increase in enthalpy. 
D) Enthalpy decreases enough to outweigh a slight decrease in entropy. 
A) Enthalpy increases and entropy decreases. 
B) Enthalpy decreases and entropy increases. 
C) Enthalpy increases,but entropy increase outweighs increase in enthalpy. 
D) Enthalpy decreases enough to outweigh a slight decrease in entropy.

Question 20

The First Law of Thermodynamics simply states that

Accepted Answer

A) energy is constantly being created in the universe. 
B) disorder in the universe is continually increasing. 
C) energy can be created but not destroyed. 
D) energy cannot be created or destroyed,just changed from one form to another. 
E) energy can be recycled through the universE. 
A) energy is constantly being created in the universe. 
B) disorder in the universe is continually increasing. 
C) energy can be created but not destroyed. 
D) energy cannot be created or destroyed,just changed from one form to another. 
E) energy can be recycled through the universE.

Exam 6: Energy and Metabolism

A calorie is the commonly used unit of chemical energy.It is also the unit of

Molecules that act as catalysts in biological systems are

Under standard conditions,ATP can release for every molecule converted to ADP

Reactions that occur spontaneously and release free energy are called _____________ reactions.

The regulation of simple biochemical pathways often involves the end-product binding to the allosteric site of the first enzyme in the sequence.This mode of regulation is called

In an enzyme catalyzed reaction the reactant is called the

One of the most important coenzymes that accepts electrons/hydrogens is

The specificity of an enzyme is due to its active site.The active site is shaped so that only a certain

A researcher wants to slow down a particular cellular activity by controlling an enzyme that catalyzes that activity.All of the following choices are available except

The Gibbs free energy equation,G = H - TS,interrelates

The ability of an enzyme to catalyze a reaction is not affected by

While standing at the top of the stairs,you have a potential energy of 40 Joules.If you walk all the way down the stairs,what would your potential energy be at the bottom of the stairs?

Spot where raw material binds and is changed to product.

Enzymes have specific ________ with which they interact.

Which of the following best depicts a diagram of enzymes and substrates when they react? Assume only forward reactions.Use the following to make your choice: E = enzyme,S = substrate,ES = enzyme-substrate complex,P = products.

The Second Law of Thermodynamics simply states that

Most protein-enzymes are

While conducting an experiment,you realize that a competitive inhibitor was interfering with your reaction.To overcome this problem,you

Which of the following scenarios would not result in a decrease in free energy?

The First Law of Thermodynamics simply states that

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes Mapping and the Meiosis - Inheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics and the Phylogenetic Revolution

Genome Evolution

Evolution of Development

The Tree of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

Protists

Overview of Green Plants

Fungi

Overview of Animal Diversity

Noncoelomate Invertebrates

Coelomate Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Form

Vegetative Plant Development

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

Plant Reproduction

The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Digestive System

The Respiratory System

The Circulatory System

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

The Reproductive System

Animal Development

Behavioral Biology

Population Ecology

Community of Ecology

Dynamics of Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Conservation Biology