Question 1

Sedimentary deposits known as ___________ were formed by mats of ancient prokaryotes known as cyanobacteria.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sedimentary deposits known as ___________ were formed...

Question 2

Some species of prokaryotes play a vital role both in productivity and in nutrient _____________,providing substances essential to all other life forms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some species of prokaryotes play a vital...

Question 3

Cell walls of bacteria (domain Bacteria)usually consist of ______________,a network of polysaccharide molecules connected by polypeptide cross-links.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cell walls of bacteria (domain Bacteria)usually consist...

Question 4

Prokaryotes split into two lines early in the history of life.The differences are so fundamental that they are assigned to two different domains,the ________________ and the Bacteria.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Prokaryotes split into two lines early in...

Question 5

Streptococcus mutans one of the bacteria that can cause the loss of tooth enamel in humans.The metabolic process that this particular species of bacteria uses that can result in enamel breakdown is

Accepted Answer

A) ferment sugar into lactic acid,which increases the pH of the mouth causing loss of calcium from the enamel of the teeth. 
B) ferment sugar into lactic acid,which decreases the pH of the mouth causing loss of calcium from the enamel of the teeth. 
C) ferment sugar into lactic acid that attacks the tooth enamel directly and causes dental carries. 
D) ferment sugar into lactic acid,which decreases the amount of calcium that can be absorbed by the teeth from the diet. 
A) ferment sugar into lactic acid,which increases the pH of the mouth causing loss of calcium from the enamel of the teeth. 
B) ferment sugar into lactic acid,which decreases the pH of the mouth causing loss of calcium from the enamel of the teeth. 
C) ferment sugar into lactic acid that attacks the tooth enamel directly and causes dental carries. 
D) ferment sugar into lactic acid,which decreases the amount of calcium that can be absorbed by the teeth from the diet.

Question 6

Early classification systems of the bacteria employed all of the following characteristics except

Accepted Answer

A) the ability to photosynthesize. 
B) rRNA sequences. 
C) motility. 
D) colony or filament forming. 
E) sporulation or binary fission. 
A) the ability to photosynthesize. 
B) rRNA sequences. 
C) motility. 
D) colony or filament forming. 
E) sporulation or binary fission.

Question 7

Sexually transmitted diseases include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) gonorrheA. 
B) syphilis. 
C) chlamydia. 
D) herpes. 
A) gonorrheA. 
B) syphilis. 
C) chlamydia. 
D) herpes.

Question 8

Gonorrhea and syphilis are most commonly controlled by

Accepted Answer

A) abstinence. 
B) antibiotics. 
C) boiling water. 
D) fluoride treatment. 
E) pasteurization. 
A) abstinence. 
B) antibiotics. 
C) boiling water. 
D) fluoride treatment. 
E) pasteurization.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about bacterial conjugation is false?

Accepted Answer

A) F+ cells have an F plasmid;F- cells do not. 
B) Rolling circle replication of the F plasmid produces a double-stranded copy of the plasmid. 
C) The replicated plasmid passes through a conjugation bridge called a pilus. 
D) A cell with an F plasmid integrated into its main chromosome is called an Hfr cell. 
E) The F plasmid contains an origin of replication and genes that control transfer. 
A) F+ cells have an F plasmid;F- cells do not. 
B) Rolling circle replication of the F plasmid produces a double-stranded copy of the plasmid. 
C) The replicated plasmid passes through a conjugation bridge called a pilus. 
D) A cell with an F plasmid integrated into its main chromosome is called an Hfr cell. 
E) The F plasmid contains an origin of replication and genes that control transfer.

Question 10

When bacteria are exposed to nutrient-poor conditions,they form thick-walled structures that contain the chromosome and a small amount of cytoplasm.These structures are called

Accepted Answer

A) plasmids. 
B) pseudomonades. 
C) nucleoids. 
D) endospores. 
E) exospores. 
A) plasmids. 
B) pseudomonades. 
C) nucleoids. 
D) endospores. 
E) exospores.

Question 11

The prokaryotic DNA is located in the

Accepted Answer

A) capsid region. 
B) nucleoid region. 
C) endospore region. 
D) peptidoglycan region. 
E) pili region. 
A) capsid region. 
B) nucleoid region. 
C) endospore region. 
D) peptidoglycan region. 
E) pili region.

Question 12

In all of the following characteristics,prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes except in

Accepted Answer

A) cell size. 
B) multicellularity. 
C) chromosomes. 
D) nucleic acids as the hereditary material. 
E) organelles. 
A) cell size. 
B) multicellularity. 
C) chromosomes. 
D) nucleic acids as the hereditary material. 
E) organelles.

Question 13

Which of the following events is least likely to result in a genetic change in a bacterium?

Accepted Answer

A) pilus formation 
B) conjugation 
C) specialized transduction 
D) generalized transduction 
E) natural transformation 
A) pilus formation 
B) conjugation 
C) specialized transduction 
D) generalized transduction 
E) natural transformation

Question 14

A microbiologist explains to one of her biology classes that her research focuses on the nucleoid region of the cholera bacteria.This means that she is studying a region within the bacterium that contains the

Accepted Answer

A) nucleic acids. 
B) nuclear membrane. 
C) R plasmids. 
D) peptidoglycan. 
A) nucleic acids. 
B) nuclear membrane. 
C) R plasmids. 
D) peptidoglycan.

Question 15

Choose letter of the best match from the following:
-Accessory DNA molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) conjugation 
B) plasmid 
C) transduction (generalized) 
D) transduction (specialized) 
E) transformation (artificial)
F)transformation (natural) 
A) conjugation 
B) plasmid 
C) transduction (generalized) 
D) transduction (specialized) 
E) transformation (artificial)
F)transformation (natural)

Question 16

If left untreated,syphilis infections go through four stages.The first stage is a sore called a chancre.The signs of the second stage are

Accepted Answer

A) some nerve damage,loss of some teeth,and perhaps a dimming of color vision. 
B) very few,with many victims having no symptoms. 
C) rashes that may cover the entire body,sometimes a sore throat,and general aches and pains that appear to be flu-like. 
D) persistence of the chancre and bleeding at the chancre site. 
E) a yellowish-white discharge from the urethra. 
A) some nerve damage,loss of some teeth,and perhaps a dimming of color vision. 
B) very few,with many victims having no symptoms. 
C) rashes that may cover the entire body,sometimes a sore throat,and general aches and pains that appear to be flu-like. 
D) persistence of the chancre and bleeding at the chancre site. 
E) a yellowish-white discharge from the urethra.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about tuberculosis (TB)is false?

Accepted Answer

A) MDR TB is more expensive to treat. 
B) Not completing a full course of antibiotic can select for MDR strains. 
C) HIV and TB can be transmitted in the same manner. 
D) The spread of TB can be very rapiD. 
E) The reservoir of TB is humans and no vector is required for transmission. 
A) MDR TB is more expensive to treat. 
B) Not completing a full course of antibiotic can select for MDR strains. 
C) HIV and TB can be transmitted in the same manner. 
D) The spread of TB can be very rapiD. 
E) The reservoir of TB is humans and no vector is required for transmission.

Question 18

Tuberculosis remains a serious worldwide health problem due to all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) multi-drug resistance. 
B) social factors such as crowding and incarceration. 
C) the prevalence of HIV infections. 
D) ease of transmission. 
E) absence of MDR strains. 
A) multi-drug resistance. 
B) social factors such as crowding and incarceration. 
C) the prevalence of HIV infections. 
D) ease of transmission. 
E) absence of MDR strains.

Question 19

A microbiologist is conducting a research project on chemoautotrophs.This means that the investigator is examining certain aspects of a bacterium that

Accepted Answer

A) can oxidize sulfur. 
B) is a purple non-sulfur bacteria which depends on light. 
C) obtains carbon from organic molecules. 
D) can use the energy from sunlight to build organic molecules from carbon dioxide. 
E) uses light as its energy source and carbon for organic compounds. 
A) can oxidize sulfur. 
B) is a purple non-sulfur bacteria which depends on light. 
C) obtains carbon from organic molecules. 
D) can use the energy from sunlight to build organic molecules from carbon dioxide. 
E) uses light as its energy source and carbon for organic compounds.

Question 20

Certain prokaryotes can withstand drying and hotter temperatures because of their ability to form

Accepted Answer

A) cell walls. 
B) endospores. 
C) flagella. 
D) organelles. 
E) plasmids. 
A) cell walls. 
B) endospores. 
C) flagella. 
D) organelles. 
E) plasmids.

Exam 28: Prokaryotes

Sedimentary deposits known as ___________ were formed by mats of ancient prokaryotes known as cyanobacteria.

Some species of prokaryotes play a vital role both in productivity and in nutrient _____________,providing substances essential to all other life forms.

Cell walls of bacteria (domain Bacteria)usually consist of ______________,a network of polysaccharide molecules connected by polypeptide cross-links.

Prokaryotes split into two lines early in the history of life.The differences are so fundamental that they are assigned to two different domains,the ________________ and the Bacteria.

Streptococcus mutans one of the bacteria that can cause the loss of tooth enamel in humans.The metabolic process that this particular species of bacteria uses that can result in enamel breakdown is

Early classification systems of the bacteria employed all of the following characteristics except

Sexually transmitted diseases include all of the following except

Gonorrhea and syphilis are most commonly controlled by

Which of the following statements about bacterial conjugation is false?

When bacteria are exposed to nutrient-poor conditions,they form thick-walled structures that contain the chromosome and a small amount of cytoplasm.These structures are called

The prokaryotic DNA is located in the

In all of the following characteristics,prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes except in

Which of the following events is least likely to result in a genetic change in a bacterium?

A microbiologist explains to one of her biology classes that her research focuses on the nucleoid region of the cholera bacteria.This means that she is studying a region within the bacterium that contains the

Choose letter of the best match from the following: -Accessory DNA molecule.

If left untreated,syphilis infections go through four stages.The first stage is a sore called a chancre.The signs of the second stage are

Which of the following statements about tuberculosis (TB)is false?

Tuberculosis remains a serious worldwide health problem due to all of the following except

A microbiologist is conducting a research project on chemoautotrophs.This means that the investigator is examining certain aspects of a bacterium that

Certain prokaryotes can withstand drying and hotter temperatures because of their ability to form

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes Mapping and the Meiosis - Inheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics and the Phylogenetic Revolution

Genome Evolution

Evolution of Development

The Tree of Life

Viruses

Protists

Overview of Green Plants

Fungi

Overview of Animal Diversity

Noncoelomate Invertebrates

Coelomate Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Form

Vegetative Plant Development

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

Plant Reproduction

The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Digestive System

The Respiratory System

The Circulatory System

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

The Reproductive System

Animal Development

Behavioral Biology

Population Ecology

Community of Ecology

Dynamics of Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Conservation Biology