Question 1

Impulses conducted along the muscle fiber's transverse tubules stimulate the release of calcium ions into the cytoplasm

Accepted Answer

A) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B) from the actin and myosin subunits. 
C) from the Z line. 
D) from the stimulated muscle fibers. 
E) from the troponin. 
A) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B) from the actin and myosin subunits. 
C) from the Z line. 
D) from the stimulated muscle fibers. 
E) from the troponin.

Question 2

Sustained contraction is called

Accepted Answer

A) twitching. 
B) summation. 
C) tetanus. 
D) recruitment. 
E) isometric binding. 
A) twitching. 
B) summation. 
C) tetanus. 
D) recruitment. 
E) isometric binding.

Question 3

Which of the following panels best represents the power stroke?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 4

The use-dependent decrease in the ability of a muscle to generate force is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) tetanus 
B) aerobic fitness 
C) fatigue 
D) endurance 
A) tetanus 
B) aerobic fitness 
C) fatigue 
D) endurance

Question 5

Myofibril contractile subunits,the sarcomeres,are bounded on each end by a disc of protein called the

Accepted Answer

A) H line. 
B) I line. 
C) I zone. 
D) Z line. 
E) Z framE. 
A) H line. 
B) I line. 
C) I zone. 
D) Z line. 
E) Z framE.

Question 6

The interaction between __________ can be described as the forming of cross-bridges.

Accepted Answer

A) actin and myosin 
B) troponin and tropomyosin 
C) Ca2+ and troponin 
D) myosin and tropomyosin 
A) actin and myosin 
B) troponin and tropomyosin 
C) Ca2+ and troponin 
D) myosin and tropomyosin

Question 7

Which of these is not part of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

A) skull 
B) backbone 
C) rib cage 
D) pelvis 
A) skull 
B) backbone 
C) rib cage 
D) pelvis

Question 8

In a stimulated muscle fiber,the calcium ions released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum bind to the protein ________.

Accepted Answer

A) troponin 
B) tropomyosin 
C) actin 
D) myosin 
A) troponin 
B) tropomyosin 
C) actin 
D) myosin

Question 9

_________ is a sustained muscle contraction.

Accepted Answer

A) Tetanus 
B) A fast-twitch 
C) Tension 
D) A slow-twitch 
A) Tetanus 
B) A fast-twitch 
C) Tension 
D) A slow-twitch

Question 10

The repeating units of myofibrils are made from contractile subunits called sarcomeres.Which of these is not part of the sarcomere's structure?

Accepted Answer

A) A band 
B) Z line 
C) I band 
D) H band 
E) C line 
A) A band 
B) Z line 
C) I band 
D) H band 
E) C line

Question 11

The myofibrils consist of both thin filaments made of actin proteins,and thick filaments composed of

Accepted Answer

A) myosin proteins. 
B) contractile protein subunits. 
C) Z line proteins. 
D) sarcoplasmic proteins. 
E) isometric proteins. 
A) myosin proteins. 
B) contractile protein subunits. 
C) Z line proteins. 
D) sarcoplasmic proteins. 
E) isometric proteins.

Question 12

Succinylcholine chloride,a depolarizing acetylcholine agonist,was lethally injected into the circulatory system of a bear.What effect would this have?

Accepted Answer

A) The bear would collapse and convulse to death. 
B) The skeletal muscles would contract,then become paralyzed. 
C) The skeletal muscles would become paralyzed. 
D) The bear would have a heart attack. 
A) The bear would collapse and convulse to death. 
B) The skeletal muscles would contract,then become paralyzed. 
C) The skeletal muscles would become paralyzed. 
D) The bear would have a heart attack.

Question 13

Insects such as mosquitoes and beetles can beat their wings at tremendous speeds.This can be accomplished because

Accepted Answer

A) their wing muscle contractions causes another set of muscles to stretch which in turn produces another contraction without waiting for the arrival of a nerve impulse. 
B) their wing muscle contractions cause another set of muscles to relax which in turn produces another wing movement. 
C) their wing muscle contractions are stimulated by the continuous nerve signal impulses which produce a continuous contraction of their wing muscles. 
D) their wing muscle contractions are capable of producing more ATP which allows these insects to have much faster and sustained wing movements. 
E) their wing muscle contractions produce nerve impulses which lead to more contraction of the wing muscles which in turn permits faster motion of the wings. 
A) their wing muscle contractions causes another set of muscles to stretch which in turn produces another contraction without waiting for the arrival of a nerve impulse. 
B) their wing muscle contractions cause another set of muscles to relax which in turn produces another wing movement. 
C) their wing muscle contractions are stimulated by the continuous nerve signal impulses which produce a continuous contraction of their wing muscles. 
D) their wing muscle contractions are capable of producing more ATP which allows these insects to have much faster and sustained wing movements. 
E) their wing muscle contractions produce nerve impulses which lead to more contraction of the wing muscles which in turn permits faster motion of the wings.

Question 14

According to the figure,which one represents the muscle in an optimal condition for contraction?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 15

The muscle fiber contracts by a sequence of events initiated by the acetylcholine.Which of the following is the correct sequence?
I-The calcium-troponin complex pulls away tropomyosin from the myosin binding sites of actin.
II-The freed-sites of actin now can bind to myosin to form cross bridges.
III-Calcium ion binds to the troponin.

Accepted Answer

A) I,III,and II 
B) III,II,and I 
C) II,III,and I 
D) I,II,and III 
E) III,I,and II 
A) I,III,and II 
B) III,II,and I 
C) II,III,and I 
D) I,II,and III 
E) III,I,and II

Question 16

Earthworms use their hydrostatic skeletons to move through the soil.As earthworms move through the soil they

Accepted Answer

A) contract their circular muscles,which press their longitudinal muscles,which in turn stretch to elongate the segments of their bodies. 
B) contract their longitudinal muscles,which press their circular muscles,which in turn stretch to elongate the segments of their bodies. 
C) contract their circular muscles,which stretch their longitudinal muscles,which in turn stretch to enlarge the segments of their bodies. 
D) contract their circular muscles,which press their clitellum and attached setae into the burrow;with the setae as anchors,the earthworms are able to pull their bodies through the soil. 
E) contract their longitudinal muscles,which compress their circular muscles,which in turn reduce each segment's circumference allowing forward movement. 
A) contract their circular muscles,which press their longitudinal muscles,which in turn stretch to elongate the segments of their bodies. 
B) contract their longitudinal muscles,which press their circular muscles,which in turn stretch to elongate the segments of their bodies. 
C) contract their circular muscles,which stretch their longitudinal muscles,which in turn stretch to enlarge the segments of their bodies. 
D) contract their circular muscles,which press their clitellum and attached setae into the burrow;with the setae as anchors,the earthworms are able to pull their bodies through the soil. 
E) contract their longitudinal muscles,which compress their circular muscles,which in turn reduce each segment's circumference allowing forward movement.

Question 17

Which of the following joint types is not correctly matched with its example?

Accepted Answer

A) ball-and-socket joint-femur and pelvis 
B) gliding joint-vertebral column 
C) immovable joint-skull sutures 
D) hinge joint-finger joint 
E) combination joint-knee joint 
A) ball-and-socket joint-femur and pelvis 
B) gliding joint-vertebral column 
C) immovable joint-skull sutures 
D) hinge joint-finger joint 
E) combination joint-knee joint

Question 18

Which of the developmental schemes for bone is not possible?

Accepted Answer

A) undifferentiated Mesenchymal cells,osteocyte,osteoblast 
B) undifferentiated Mesenchymal cells,fibroblast,collagen 
C) undifferentiated Mesenchymal cells,chondroblast,chondrocyte 
D) osteoblasts,osteocyte,osteoclast 
E) undifferentiated Mesenchymal cells,osteoblast,osteocyte 
A) undifferentiated Mesenchymal cells,osteocyte,osteoblast 
B) undifferentiated Mesenchymal cells,fibroblast,collagen 
C) undifferentiated Mesenchymal cells,chondroblast,chondrocyte 
D) osteoblasts,osteocyte,osteoclast 
E) undifferentiated Mesenchymal cells,osteoblast,osteocyte

Question 19

How would you compare the onset of rigor mortis with a frog versus a rat?

Accepted Answer

A) A rat would enter rigor mortis significantly faster than a frog upon death. 
B) A frog would enter rigor mortis significantly faster than a rat upon death. 
C) The frog and rat would enter rigor mortis at the same time regardless of the external environment as long as the time of death was the same. 
D) The frog would enter rigor mortis at the same time as the rat if they died at the same time and the frog was at 37$\circ$C. 
A) A rat would enter rigor mortis significantly faster than a frog upon death. 
B) A frog would enter rigor mortis significantly faster than a rat upon death. 
C) The frog and rat would enter rigor mortis at the same time regardless of the external environment as long as the time of death was the same. 
D) The frog would enter rigor mortis at the same time as the rat if they died at the same time and the frog was at 37$\circ$C.

Question 20

Select the incorrect statement about muscle fibers.

Accepted Answer

A) A quick contraction and relaxation of an isolated skeletal muscle is called tetanus. 
B) Slow-twitch muscle fibers,for example the soleus muscle of the leg,require about 100 milliseconds to reach maximum tension. 
C) Slow-twitch muscle fibers have high concentrations of myoglobin. 
D) Fast-twitch fibers,for example the muscles of the human eye,reach maximum tensions in 7.3 milliseconds. 
E) Fast-twitch fibers have fewer capillaries and mitochondria than slow-twitch fibers. 
A) A quick contraction and relaxation of an isolated skeletal muscle is called tetanus. 
B) Slow-twitch muscle fibers,for example the soleus muscle of the leg,require about 100 milliseconds to reach maximum tension. 
C) Slow-twitch muscle fibers have high concentrations of myoglobin. 
D) Fast-twitch fibers,for example the muscles of the human eye,reach maximum tensions in 7.3 milliseconds. 
E) Fast-twitch fibers have fewer capillaries and mitochondria than slow-twitch fibers.

Exam 47: The Musculoskeletal System

Impulses conducted along the muscle fiber's transverse tubules stimulate the release of calcium ions into the cytoplasm

Sustained contraction is called

Which of the following panels best represents the power stroke?

The use-dependent decrease in the ability of a muscle to generate force is called ______.

Myofibril contractile subunits,the sarcomeres,are bounded on each end by a disc of protein called the

The interaction between __________ can be described as the forming of cross-bridges.

Which of these is not part of the axial skeleton?

In a stimulated muscle fiber,the calcium ions released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum bind to the protein ________.

_________ is a sustained muscle contraction.

The repeating units of myofibrils are made from contractile subunits called sarcomeres.Which of these is not part of the sarcomere's structure?

The myofibrils consist of both thin filaments made of actin proteins,and thick filaments composed of

Succinylcholine chloride,a depolarizing acetylcholine agonist,was lethally injected into the circulatory system of a bear.What effect would this have?

Insects such as mosquitoes and beetles can beat their wings at tremendous speeds.This can be accomplished because

According to the figure,which one represents the muscle in an optimal condition for contraction?

Earthworms use their hydrostatic skeletons to move through the soil.As earthworms move through the soil they

Which of the following joint types is not correctly matched with its example?

Which of the developmental schemes for bone is not possible?

How would you compare the onset of rigor mortis with a frog versus a rat?

Select the incorrect statement about muscle fibers.

The Science of Biology

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