Exam 51: Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

Each nephron of the kidney consists of a long tubule and associated small blood vessels.Blood cells and plasma proteins are too large to enter with the glomerular filtrate.Which of the following choices is the correct path for the filtrate to follow through the nephron in the production of urine?

Marine reptiles eliminate excess salt by means of _____________ located near the nose or the eye.

In normal healthy human urine,the substance not usually found is

People unable to produce which of the following hormones will die if untreated,because of the excessive loss of salt and water in the urine and the buildup of K⁺ in the blood?

Blood volume and osmolarity are kept within normal limits by

Which of the following best describes freshwater fish?

In comparing the kidneys of marine and freshwater fish which of the following is not true?

Each of the following is a part of the kidney except

Most marine invertebrates are osmoconformers.This means that

One of the key factors in vertebrate colonization of many diverse environments is

The diffusion of water across a plasma membrane is referred to as

If uric acid accumulates in joints of humans the condition is referred to as

The vertebrate kidney produces a fluid called _____________ that enters tubules and is modified to become urine.

According to the figure,which letter corresponds to the area where H⁺ is most likely to be secreted?

The regulatory systems of the animal body maintain a relatively stable internal condition through a process called _____________________.

Select the incorrectly matched organism and its nitrogenous waste product.

How does the loop of Henle enable the mammalian kidney to produce hyperosmotic urine? I-The ascending limb of the loop actively extrudes Na+. II-The descending limb interacts with the ascending limb to raise the concentration of the extracellular fluid in the renal medulla. III-The concentration is further enhanced by the presence of urea,which draws water out of the collecting ducts by osmosis.

The homeostatic functions of the kidneys are regulated by two hormones.One of these is antidiuretic hormone,and the other is

The organ that performs filtration and reabsorption in the vertebrates is the ______.

The excretory organs in the insects create an excretory fluid by secreting K⁺ ions,which draw water osmotically.These organs branch off anterior to the hindgut and are called